Seychelles
conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles
conventional short form: Seychelles

Sierra Leone
conventional long form: Republic of Sierra Leone
conventional short form: Sierra Leone

Singapore
conventional long form: Republic of Singapore
conventional short form: Singapore

Slovakia
conventional long form: Slovak Republic
conventional short form: Slovakia
local long form: Slovenska Republika
local short form: Slovensko

Slovenia
conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia
conventional short form: Slovenia
local long form: Republika Slovenija
local short form: Slovenija
former: People's Republic of Slovenia, Socialist Republic of Slovenia

Solomon Islands
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Solomon Islands
former: British Solomon Islands

Somalia
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Somalia
former: Somali Republic, Somali Democratic Republic

South Africa
conventional long form: Republic of South Africa
conventional short form: South Africa
former: Union of South Africa
abbreviation: RSA

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
conventional long form:
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
conventional short form: none

Spain
conventional long form: Kingdom of Spain
conventional short form: Spain
local short form: Espana