Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$3.034 billion (2004 est.)
Debt - external:
$2.4 billion to $5 billion (2001 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
$16 million from the US (2001)
Currency (code):
Turkmen manat (TMM)
Currency code:
TMM
Exchange rates:
Turkmen manats per US dollar - 10,100 (2004), 10,034 (2003), 10,098
(2002), 5,200 (2001)
note: in recent years the unofficial rate has hovered around 21,000
manats to the dollar
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Communications Turkmenistan
Telephones - main lines in use:
374,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
52,000 (2004)