Solomon Islands
Association of Independents [Snyder RINI]; People's
Alliance Party or PAP [Allan KEMAKEZA]; People's Progressive Party
or PPP [Mannaseh Damukana SOGAVARE]; Solomon Islands Alliance for
Change Coalition or SIACC [Bartholomew ULUFA'ALU]; Solomon Islands
Labor Party or SILP [Joses TUHANUKU]
note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid
coalitions
Somalia
none
South Africa
African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth
MESHOE, president]; African National Congress or ANC [Thabo MBEKI,
president]; Democratic Alliance or DA (formed from the merger of the
Democratic Party or DP and the Freedom Alliance or FA) [Anthony
LEON]; Inkatha Freedom Party or IFP [Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI,
president]; Pan-Africanist Congress or PAC [Stanley MOGOBA,
president]; United Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA]
Spain
Basque Nationalist Party or PNV [Josu Jon IMAZ]; Canarian
Coalition or CC (a coalition of five parties) [Paulino RIVERO
Baute]; Convergence and Union or CiU [Artur MAS i Gavarro] (a
coalition of the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia or CDC [Artur
MAS i Gavarro] and the Democratic Union of Catalonia or UDC [Josep
Antoni DURAN y LLEIDA]); Entesa Catalonia de Progress (a Senate
coalition grouping four Catalan parties - PSC, ERC, ICV, EUA)
[leader NA]; Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Anxo Manuel
QUINTANA]; Party of Independents from Lanzarote or PIL [Dimas MARTIN
Martin]; Popular Party or PP [Mariano RAJOY]; Republican Left of
Catalonia or ERC [Josep-Lluis CAROD-ROVIRA]; Spanish Socialist
Workers Party or PSOE [Jose Luis RODRIGUEZ ZAPATERO]; United Left or
IU (a coalition of parties including the PCE and other small
parties) [Gaspar LLAMAZARES]
Sri Lanka
All Ceylon Tamil Congress or ACTC [KUMARGURUPARAM]; Ceylon
Workers Congress or CWC [Arumugam THONDAMAN]; Communist Party or CP
[D. GUNASEKERA]; Democratic United National (Lalith) Front or DUNLF
[Shrimani ATULATHMUDALI]; Eelam People's Democratic Party or EPDP
[Douglas DEVANANDA]; Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front
or EPRLF [Suresh PREMACHANDRAN]; Janatha Vimukthi Perumuna or JVP
[Tilvan SILVA]; National Heritage Party or JHU [Tilak KARUNARATNE];
National Unity Alliance or NUA [Ferial ASHRAFF]; People's Liberation
Organization of Tamil Eelam or PLOTE [leader NA]; Sihala Urumaya or
SU [leader NA]; Sri Lanka Freedom Party or SLFP [Chandrika
Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA]; Sri Lanka Muslim Congress or SLMC [Rauff
HAKEEM]; Sri Lanka Progressive Front or SLPF [P. Nelson PERERA];
Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization or TELO [SABARATNAM]; Tamil
National Alliance or TNA [R. SAMPANTHAN]; Tamil United Liberation
Front or TULF [V. ANANDASANGAREE]; United National Party or UNP
[Ranil WICKREMASINGHE]; Up-country People's Front or UPF [P.
CHANDRASEKARAN]; several ethnic Tamil and Muslim parties,
represented in either Parliament or provincial councils
Sudan
the government allows political "associations" under a 1998
law revised in 2000; to obtain government approval parties must
accept the constitution and refrain from advocating or using
violence against the regime; approved parties include the National
Congress Party or NCP [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR], Popular National
Congress or PNC [Hassan al-TURABI], and over 20 minor,
pro-government parties
Suriname
A-Combinatie (coalition of Brotherhood and Unity in
Politics or BEP [Caprino ALENDY], General Interior Development Party
or ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK], Progressive Laborers and Farmers Union
or PALU [Jim HOK], Seeka [Paul ABENA]); Alternative-1 or A-1 (a
coalition of Democratic Alternative 1991 or DA-91 [Winston
JESSURUN], Democrats of the 21st Century or D-21 [Soewarto
MOESTADJA], Nieuw Suriname or NS [Radjen Nanan PANDAY], Political
Wing of the FAL or PVF [Jiwan SITAL], Trefpunt 2000 or T-2000 [Arti
JESSURUN]); National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire BOUTERSE]; New
Front for Democracy and Development or NF (a coalition includes
National Party Suriname or NPS (Ronald VENETIAAN], United Reform
Party or VHP [Ram SARDJOE], Pertjaja Luhur or PL [Salam Paul
SOMOHARDJO], Surinamese Labor Party or SPA [Siegfried GILDS]); Party
for Democracy and Development in Unity or DOE [Marten Schalkwijk];
People's Alliance for Progress or VVV (a coalition of Democratic
National Platform 2000 or DNP-2000 [Jules WIJDENBOSCH], Grassroots
Party for Renewal and Democracy or BVD [Tjan GOBARDHAN], Party for
National Unity and Solidarity of the Highest Order or KTPI [Willy
SOEMITA], Party for Progression, Justice, and Perserverance or PPRS
[Renee KAIMAN], Pendawalima or PL [Raymond SAPOEN]); Union of
Progressive Surinamers or UPS [Sheoradj PANDAY]
Swaziland
political parties are banned by the government - the
following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National
Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or
NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement
or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]
Sweden
Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party
[Goran HAGGLUND]; Green Party [no formal leader but party
spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left Party
or V (formerly Communist) [Lars OHLY]; Liberal People's Party [Lars
LEIJONBORG]; Moderate Party (conservative) [Fredrik REINFELDT];
Social Democratic Party [Goran PERSSON]
Switzerland
Green Party (Grune Partei der Schweiz or Grune, Parti
Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I
Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Ruth GENNER];
Christian Democratic People's Party (Christichdemokratische
Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti Democrate-Chretien Suisse or
PDC, Partito Democratico-Cristiano Popolare Svizzero or PDC, Partida
Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or PCD) [Doris LEUTHARD,
president]; Radical Free Democratic Party (Freisinnig-Demokratische
Partei der Schweiz or FDP, Parti Radical-Democratique Suisse or PRD,
Partitio Liberal-Radicale Svizzero or PLR) [Marianne
KLEINER-SCHLAEPFER, president]; Social Democratic Party
(Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz or SPS, Parti Socialist
Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista Svizzero or PSS, Partida
Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS) [Hans-Juerg FEHR, president];
Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei or SVP, Union
Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione Democratica de Centro or UDC,
Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC) [Ueli MAURER, president]; and
other minor parties