Estonia
in 2005, Russia refuses to sign the 1996 technical border
agreement with Estonia when Estonia prepares a unilateral
declaration referencing Soviet occupation and territorial losses;
Russia demands better accommodation of Russian-speaking population
in Estonia; Estonian citizen groups continue to press for
realignment of the boundary based on the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty
that would bring the now divided ethnic Setu people and parts of the
Narva region within Estonia; as a member state that forms part of
the EU's external border, Estonia must implement the strict Schengen
border rules
Ethiopia
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002
Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision,
but mutual animosities, accusations, and armed posturing prevail,
preventing demarcation despite international intervention; Ethiopia
refuses to withdraw to the delimited boundary until technical errors
made by the EEBC that ignored "human geography" are addressed,
including the award of Badme, the focus of the 1998-2000 war;
Eritrea insists that the EEBC decision be implemented immediately
without modifications; Ethiopia has only an administrative line and
no international border with the Oromo region of southern Somalia
where it maintains alliances with local clans in opposition to the
unrecognized Somali Interim Government in Mogadishu; "Somaliland"
secessionists provide port facilities and trade ties to landlocked
Ethiopia; efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Sudan have
been delayed by civil war
Europa Island
claimed by Madagascar
European Union
as a political union, the EU has no border disputes
with neighboring countries, but Estonia and Latvia have no land
boundary agreements with Russia, Slovenia disputes its land and
maritime boundaries with Croatia, and Spain has territorial and
maritime disputes with Morocco; the EU has set up a Schengen area -
consisting of 13 EU member states that have signed the convention
implementing the Schengen agreements (1985 and 1990) on the free
movement of persons and the harmonization of border controls in
Europe; the Schengen agreements ("acquis") became incorporated into
EU law with the implementation of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam on 1
May 1999; member states are: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, and Sweden; in addition, non-EU states Iceland and Norway (as
part of the Nordic Union) have been included in the Schengen area
since 1996 (full members in 2001), bringing the total current
membership to 15; the UK (since 2000) and Ireland (since 2002) take
part in some aspects of the Schengen area, especially with respect
to police and criminal matters; the 10 new member states that joined
the EU in 2004 eventually are expected to participate in Schengen,
following a transition period to upgrade their border controls and
procedures
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Argentina, which claims the
islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in
1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK
continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Faroe Islands
because anticipated offshore hydrocarbon resources
have not been realized, earlier Faroese proposals for full
independence have been deferred; Iceland disputes the Faroe Islands'
fisheries median line boundary; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute
Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends
beyond 200 nm
Fiji
none
Finland
various groups in Finland advocate restoration of Karelia
and other areas ceded to the Soviet Union, but the Finnish
Government asserts no territorial demands
France
Madagascar claims the French territories of Bassas da India,
Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island; Comoros
claims Mayotte; Mauritius claims Tromelin Island; territorial
dispute between Suriname and the French overseas department of
French Guiana; France asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica
(Adelie Land); France and Vanuatu claim Matthew and Hunter Islands,
east of New Caledonia
French Guiana
Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and
Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) in French Guiana