Senegal
The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem Senegalese
citizens from the Casamance region fleeing separatist violence,
cross border raids, and arms smuggling
Serbia
the final status of the Serbian province of Kosovo remains
unresolved and several thousand peacekeepers from the UN Interim
Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) have administered the
region since 1999, with Kosovar Albanians overwhelmingly supporting
and Serbian officials opposing Kosovo independence; the
international community had agreed to begin a process to determine
final status but contingency of solidifying multi-ethnic democracy
in Kosovo has not been satisfied; ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse
demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the
2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement; Serbia
and Montenegro delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and
Herzegovina, but sections with Serbia along the Drina River remain
in dispute
Seychelles
together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos
Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Sierra Leone
domestic fighting among disparate rebel groups,
warlords, and youth gangs in Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, and
Sierra Leone perpetuate insurgencies, street violence, looting, arms
trafficking, ethnic conflicts, and refugees in border areas; UN
Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) has maintained over 4,000
peacekeepers in Sierra Leone since 1999; Sierra Leone pressures
Guinea to remove its forces from the town of Yenga occupied since
1998
Singapore
disputes persist with Malaysia over deliveries of fresh
water to Singapore, Singapore's extensive land reclamation works,
bridge construction, maritime boundaries, and Pedra Branca
Island/Pulau Batu Putih - parties agree to ICJ arbitration on island
dispute within three years; Indonesia and Singapore pledged in 2005
to finalize their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining
unresolved areas north of Batam Island; piracy remains a problem in
the Malacca Strait
Slovakia
Hungary amended its status law extending special social and
cultural benefits to ethnic Hungarians in Slovakia, to which
Slovakia had protested; consultations continue between Slovakia and
Hungary over Hungary's completion of its portion of the
Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a
member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovakia
must implement the strict Schengen border rules
Slovenia
the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement,
which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to
Slovenia and several villages to Croatia, remains unratified and in
dispute; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external
border, Slovenia must implement the strict Schengen border rules to
curb illegal migration and commerce through southeastern Europe
while encouraging close cross-border ties with Croatia
Solomon Islands
Australian Defense Force leads the Regional
Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) at the invitation
of the Solomon Islands' Government to maintain civil and political
order and reinforce regional security
Somalia
"Somaliland" secessionists provide port facilities to
landlocked Ethiopia and establish commercial ties with regional
states; "Puntland" and "Somaliland" "governments" seek support from
neighboring states in their secessionist aspirations and in
conflicts with each other; Ethiopia has only an administrative line
with the Oromo region of southern Somalia and maintains alliances
with local Somali clans opposed to the unrecognized Somali Interim
Government, which plans eventual relocation from Kenya to Mogadishu;
rival militia and clan fighting in southern Somalia periodically
spills over into Kenya
South Africa
South Africa has placed military along the border to
stem the thousands of Zimbabweans fleeing to find work and escape
political persecution; managed dispute with Namibia over the
location of the boundary in the Orange River