Anguilla
none
Antarctica
Antarctic Treaty freezes claims (see Antarctic Treaty
Summary in government type entry); Argentina, Australia, Chile,
France, NZ, Norway, and UK claim land and maritime sectors (some
overlapping) for a large portion of the continent; the US and many
other states do not recognize these territorial claims and have made
no claims themselves (the US and Russia reserve the right to do so);
no claims have been made in the sector between 90 degrees west and
150 degrees west; several states with territorial claims in
Antarctica have expressed their intention to submit data to the UN
Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend their
continental shelf claims to adjoining undersea ridges
Antigua and Barbuda
none
Arctic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Argentina
Argentina continues to assert its claims to the
UK-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia
and the South Sandwich Islands in its constitution, forcibly
occupying the Falklands in 1982, but in 1995 agreed no longer to
seek settlement by force; territorial claim in Antarctica partially
overlaps UK and Chilean claims (see Antarctic disputes); unruly
region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus
of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics
trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations;
uncontested dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over Braziliera
Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves the tripoint with
Argentina in question; action by the joint boundary commission,
established by Chile and Argentina in 2001, for mapping and
demarcating the disputed boundary in the Andean Southern Ice Field
(Campo de Hielo Sur) remains pending
Armenia
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and since the early 1990s, has militarily occupied
16% of Azerbaijan - Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; over 800,000 mostly
ethnic Azerbaijanis were driven from the occupied lands and Armenia;
about 230,000 ethnic Armenians were driven from their homes in
Azerbaijan into Armenia; Azerbaijan seeks transit route through
Armenia to connect to Naxcivan exclave; border with Turkey remains
closed over Nagorno-Karabakh dispute; ethnic Armenian groups in
Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy; tens of thousands
of Armenians emigrate, primarily to Russia, to seek employment
Aruba
none
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Atlantic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Australia
East Timor and Australia agreed in 2005 to defer the
disputed portion of the boundary for fifty years and to split
hydrocarbon revenues evenly outside the Joint Petroleum Development
Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty; East Timor dispute
hampers creation of a revised maritime boundary with Indonesia (see
also Ashmore and Cartier Islands dispute); regional states express
concern over Australia's 2004 declaration of a 1,000-nautical
mile-wide maritime identification zone; Australia asserts land and
maritime claims to Antarctica (see Antarctica); in 2004 Australia
submitted its claims to UN Commission on the Limits of the
Continental Shelf (CLCS) to extend its continental margin from both
its mainland and Antarctic claims