objective - to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage regional agreements supplementary to the Convention; the London Convention came into force in 1996
parties - (78) Afghanistan, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Democratic Republic of
the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Finland,
France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hong
Kong (associate member), Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Ireland, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Libya,
Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Nauru,
Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia,
Serbia, Seychelles, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain,
Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Vanuatu
associate members to the London Convention - (2) Faroe Islands, Macau
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques note - abbreviated as Environmental Modification
opened for signature - 10 December 1976
entered into force - 5 October 1978
objective - to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations
parties - (66) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil,
Brunei, Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, Finland, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan,
North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Malawi, Mauritius, Mongolia,
Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland,
Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao
Tome and Principe, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (17) Bolivia,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Holy See, Iceland, Iran,
Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Luxembourg, Morocco, Nicaragua, Portugal,
Sierra Leone, Syria, Turkey, Uganda
Desertification