18 years of age (male) for compulsory military service; females may volunteer for active duty military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (3 to 4 years in the navy); 18-45 years of age (male) or 18-40 years of age (female) for Militia Force or Self Defense Forces (2006)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 24,586,328 females age 16-49: 24,335,132 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 18,849,274 females age 16-49: 20,575,884 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 903,734 female: 845,306 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures:
2.5% of GDP (2005 est.)
Transnational Issues
Vietnam