El Salvador
International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the
delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El
Salvador-Honduras boundary, in 1992, with final agreement by the
parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States (OAS)
survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised
a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of
Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador
continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ
decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca
Equatorial Guinea
in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement
of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf
of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over
an island at the mouth of the Ntem River and imprecisely defined
maritime coordinates in the ICJ decision delay final delimitation;
UN urges Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to resolve the sovereignty
dispute over Gabon-occupied Mbane and lesser islands and to create a
maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay
Eritrea
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by 2002
Ethiopia-Eritrea Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision
but, neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the
November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement; UN Peacekeeping Mission to
Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE), which has monitored the 25-km-wide
Temporary Security Zone in Eritrea since 2000, is extended for six
months in 2007 despite Eritrean restrictions on its operations and
reduced force of 17,000; Sudan accuses Eritrea of supporting eastern
Sudanese rebel groups
Estonia
Russia recalled its signature to the 1996 technical border
agreement with Estonia in 2005, rather than concede to Estonia's
appending prepared a unilateral declaration referencing Soviet
occupation and territorial losses; Russia demands better
accommodation of Russian-speaking population in Estonia; Estonian
citizen groups continue to press for realignment of the boundary
based on the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty that would bring the now
divided ethnic Setu people and parts of the Narva region within
Estonia; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external
border, Estonia must implement the strict Schengen border rules with
Russia
Ethiopia
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002
Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision,
but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the
November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement; UN Peacekeeping Mission to
Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE), which has monitored the 25-km-wide
Temporary Security Zone in Eritrea since 2000, is extended for six
months in 2007 despite Eritrean restrictions on its operations and
reduced force of 17,000; the undemarcated former British
administrative line has little meaning as a political separation to
rival clans within Ethiopia's Ogaden and southern Somalia's Oromo
region; Ethiopian forces invaded southern Somalia and routed
Islamist Courts from Mogadishu in January 2007; "Somaliland"
secessionists provide port facilities in Berbera and trade ties to
landlocked Ethiopia; civil unrest in eastern Sudan has hampered
efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Ethiopia
European Union
as a political union, the EU has no border disputes
with neighboring countries, but Estonia has no land boundary
agreements with Russia, Slovenia disputes its land and maritime
boundaries with Croatia, and Spain has territorial and maritime
disputes with Morocco and with the UK over Gibraltar; the EU has set
up a Schengen area - consisting of 22 EU member states that have
signed the convention implementing the Schengen agreements or
"acquis" (1985 and 1990) on the free movement of persons and the
harmonization of border controls in Europe; these agreements became
incorporated into EU law with the implementation of the 1997 Treaty
of Amsterdam on 1 May 1999; in addition, non-EU states Iceland and
Norway (as part of the Nordic Union) have been included in the
Schengen area since 1996 (full members in 2001), and Switzerland
since 2008 bringing the total current membership to 25; the UK
(since 2000) and Ireland (since 2002) take part in only some aspects
of the Schengen area, especially with respect to police and criminal
matters; nine of the 12 new member states that joined the EU since
2004 joined Schengen on 21 December 2007; of the three remaining EU
states, Cyprus is expected to join by 2009, while Romania and
Bulgaria continue to enhance their border security systems
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Argentina, which claims the
islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in
1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK
continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Faroe Islands
because anticipated offshore hydrocarbon resources
have not been realized, earlier Faroese proposals for full
independence have been deferred; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland
dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf
extends beyond 200 nm
Fiji
none
Finland
various groups in Finland advocate restoration of Karelia
and other areas ceded to the Soviet Union, but the Finnish
Government asserts no territorial demands