Paracel Islands
occupied by China
Pitcairn Islands
defense is the responsibility of the UK
Puerto Rico
defense is the responsibility of the US
Saint Barthelemy
defense is the responsibility of France
Saint Helena
defense is the responsibility of the UK
Saint Martin
defense is the responsibility of France
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
defense is the responsibility of France
Samoa
Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces;
informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider
any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship
San Marino
defense is the responsibility of Italy
Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe's army is a tiny force
with almost no resources at its disposal and would be wholly
ineffective operating unilaterally; infantry equipment is considered
simple to operate and maintain but may require refurbishment or
replacement after 25 years in tropical climates; poor pay, working
conditions, and alleged nepotism in the promotion of officers have
been problems in the past, as reflected in the 1995 and 2003 coups;
these issues are being addressed with foreign assistance aimed at
improving the army and its focus on realistic security concerns;
command is exercised from the president, through the Minister of
Defense, to the Chief of the Armed Forces staff (2005)