Spain
Basque Nationalist Party or PNV or EAJ [Inigo URKULLU
Renteria]; Canarian Coalition or CC [Claudina MORALES Rodriquez] (a
coalition of five parties); Convergence and Union or CiU [Artur MAS
i Gavarro] (a coalition of the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia
or CDC [Artur MAS i Gavarro] and the Democratic Union of Catalonia
or UDC [Josep Antoni DURAN i LLEIDA]); Entesa Catalonia de Progress
(a Senate coalition grouping four Catalan parties - PSC, ERC, ICV,
EUA); Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Guillerme VAZQUEZ Vazquez];
Initiative for Catalonia Greens or ICV [Joan SAURA i Laporta];
Navarra Yes or NaBai [collective leadership] (a coalition of four
Navarran parties); Popular Party or PP [Mariano RAJOY Brey];
Republican Left of Catalonia or ERC [Joan PUIGCERCOS i Boixassa];
Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Jose Luis Rodriguez
ZAPATERO]; Union of People of Navarra or UPN [Yolanda BARCINA
Angulo]; Union, Progress and Democracy or UPyD [Rosa DIEZ Gonzalez];
United Left or IU [Cayo LARA Moya] (a coalition of parties including
the Communist Party of Spain or PCE and other small parties)
Sri Lanka
Coalitions and leaders: Democratic National Alliance led
by Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna or JVP [Somawansa AMARASINGHE]; Tamil
National Alliance led by Illandai Tamil Arasu Kachchi [R.
SAMPANTHAN]; United National Front led by United National Party
[Ranil WICKREMESINGHE]; United People's Freedom Alliance led by Sri
Lanka Freedom Party [Mahinda RAJAPAKSA]
Sudan
Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Hatim al-SIR]; National
Congress Party or NCP [Umar Hassan al-BASHIR]; Popular Congress
Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI]; Sudan People's Liberation Movement
or SPLM [Salva KIIR]; elements of the National Democratic Alliance
or NDA including factions of the Democratic Union Party [Muhammad
Uthman al-MIRGHANI] and Umma Party
Suriname
A-Combination (a coalition that includes the General
Liberation and Development Party ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK], SEEKA
[Paul ABENA], Union of Brotherhood and Unity in Politics BEP
[Caprino ALENDY]; Basic Party for Renewal and Democracy or BVD
[Dilip SARDJOE]; Basic Party for Renewal and Democracy or PVF
[Soedeschand JAIRAM]; Democratic Union Suriname or DUS [Japhet
DIEKO]; Mega-Combination-Ruling Coalition (a coalition that joined
with A-Combination and the PL to form a majority in Parliament in
2010 - includes the National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire
BOUTERSE] (largest party in the coalition), Progressive Worker and
Farmer's Union or PALU [Jim HOK], Party for National Unity and
Solidarity of the Highest Order or KTPI [Willy SOEMITA], DNP-2000
[Jules WIJDENBOSCH], and New Suriname or NS [Nanan PANDAY]);
National Union or NU [P. VAN LEEUWAARDE]; New Front for Democracy
and Development or NF (a coalition made up of the National Party of
Suriname or NPS [Runaldo VENETIAAN], United Reform Party or VHP
[Ramdien SARDJOE], Democratic Alternative 1991 or DA-91 - an
independent, business-oriented party [Winston JESSURUN], Surinamese
Labor Party or SPA [Siegfried GILDS]); Party for Democracy and
Development in Unity or DOE [Carl BREEVELD]; Party for the Permanent
Prosperity Republic Suriname or PVRS [NA]; People's Alliance,
Pertjaja Luhur's or PL [Paul SOMOHARDJO](includes D-21 [Soewarta
MOESTADJA] and Pendawa Lima [Raymond SAPEON], which merged with PL
in 2010)
note: BVD and PVF participated in the elections as a coalition
(BVD/PVF) in the most recent elections, but separated after the
election
Swaziland
the status of political parties, previously banned, is
unclear under the 2006 Constitution and currently being debated; the
following are considered political associations; African United
Democratic Party or AUDP [Stanley MAUNDZISA, president]; Imbokodvo
National Movement or INM; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or
NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement
or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]
Sweden
Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party
[Goran HAGGLUND]; Environment Party the Greens [no formal leader but
party spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left
Party or V (formerly Communist) [Lars OHLY]; Liberal People's Party
[Jan BJORKLUND]; Moderate Party [Fredrik REINFELDT]; Social
Democratic Party [Mona SAHLIN]; Sweden Democrats [Jimmie AKESSON]
Switzerland
Green Party (Gruene Partei der Schweiz or Gruene, Parti
Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I
Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Ueli LEUENBERGER];
Christian Democratic People's Party (Christlichdemokratische
Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti Democrate-Chretien Suisse or
PDC, Partito Democratico-Cristiano Popolare Svizzero or PDC, Partida
Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or PCD) [Christophe DARBELLAY];
Free Democratic Party or FDP.The Liberals (FDP.Die Liberalen,
PLR.Les Liberaux-Radicaux, PLR.I Liberali) [Fulvio PELLI]; Social
Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz or SPS,
Parti Socialist Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista Svizzero or PSS,
Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS) [Christian LEVRAT];
Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei or SVP, Union
Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione Democratica de Centro or UDC,
Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC) [Toni BRUNNER]; and other minor
parties
Syria
legal parties: National Progressive Front or NPF [President
Bashar al-ASAD, Dr. Suleiman QADDAH] (includes Arab Socialist
Renaissance (Ba'th) Party [President Bashar al-ASAD]; Socialist
Unionist Democratic Party [Fadlallah Nasr Al-DIN]; Syrian Arab
Socialist Union or ASU [Safwan al-QUDSI]; Syrian Communist Party
(two branches) [Wissal Farha BAKDASH, Yusuf Rashid FAYSAL]; Syrian
Social Nationalist Party [As'ad HARDAN]; Unionist Socialist Party
[Fayez ISMAIL])
opposition parties not legally recognized: Communist Action Party
[Fateh al-JAMOUS]; National Democratic Rally [Hasan ABDUL-AZIM,
spokesman] (includes five parties - Arab Democratic Socialist Union
Party [Hasan ABDUL-AZIM], Arab Socialist Movement, Democratic Ba'th
Party [Ibrahim MAKHOS], Democratic People's Party [Riad al TURK],
Revolutionary Workers' Party [Abdul Hafez al HAFEZ])
Kurdish parties (considered illegal): Azadi Party [Kheirudin MURAD];
Future Party [Masha'l TAMMO]; Kurdish Democratic Alliance (includes
four parties); Kurdish Democratic Front (includes three parties);
Yekiti Party [Fu'ad ALEYKO]
other parties: Syrian Democratic Party [Mustafa QALAAJI]
Taiwan
Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [TSAI Ing-wen];
Kuomintang or KMT (Nationalist Party) [MA Ying-jeou]; Non-Partisan
Solidarity Union or NPSU [LIN Pin-kuan]; People First Party or PFP
[James SOONG]
Tajikistan
Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Amir QARAQULOV];
Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV (imprisoned October
2005); Rahmatullo VALIYEV, deputy]; Islamic Revival Party [Muhiddin
KABIRI]; Party of Economic Reform or PER [Olimjon BOBOEV]; Party of
Economic Reforms [Mahmadsharif NOZIMOV]; People's Democratic Party
of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMON]; Social Democratic Party or
SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOYIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Mirhuseyn
NARZIEV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV]