Liechtenstein
none
Lithuania
Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their
boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty
ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania
operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling
from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still
conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a
non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; the Latvian
parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty with
Lithuania, primarily due to concerns over potential hydrocarbons; as
of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was
complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation
Luxembourg
none
Macau
none
Macedonia
Kosovo and Macedonia completed demarcation of their
boundary in September 2008; Greece continues to reject the use of
the name Macedonia or Republic of Macedonia
Madagascar
claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands,
and Juan de Nova Island (all administered by France); the vegetated
drying cays of Banc du Geyser, which were claimed by Madagascar in
1976, also fall within the EEZ claims of the Comoros and France
(Glorioso Islands, part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands)
Malawi
disputes with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake
Malawi) and the meandering Songwe River remain dormant
Malaysia
Malaysia is involved in a complex dispute with Brunei,
China, Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam over claims to part or all
of the Spratly Islands; while the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct
of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions over the
Spratly Islands, it is not the legally binding "code of conduct"
sought by some parties; Malaysia was not party to the March 2005
joint accord among the national oil companies of China, the
Philippines, and Vietnam on conducting marine seismic activities in
the Spratly Islands; disputes continue over deliveries of fresh
water to Singapore, Singapore's land reclamation, bridge
construction, and maritime boundaries in the Johor and Singapore
Straits; in 2008, ICJ awards sovereignty of Pedra Branca (Pulau Batu
Puteh/Horsburgh Island) to Singapore, and Middle Rocks to Malaysia,
but does not rule on maritime regimes, boundaries, or disposition of
South Ledge; ICJ awarded Ligitan and Sipadan islands, also claimed
by Indonesia and Philippines, to Malaysia but left maritime boundary
and sovereignty of Unarang rock in the hydrocarbon-rich Celebes Sea
in dispute; separatist violence in Thailand's predominantly Muslim
southern provinces prompts measures to close and monitor border with
Malaysia to stem terrorist activities; Philippines retains a dormant
claim to Malaysia's Sabah State in northern Borneo; Brunei and
Malaysia agreed in September 2008 to resolve their offshore and
deepwater seabed dispute, resume hydrocarbon exploration, and
renounce any territorial claims along their land boundary; piracy
remains a problem in the Malacca Strait
Maldives
none
Mali
none