Djibouti
two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light
green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side
bearing a red five-pointed star in the center; blue stands for sea
and sky and the Issa Somali people; green symbolizes earth and the
Afar people; white represents peace; the red star recalls the
struggle for independence and stands for unity
Dominica
green, with a centered cross of three equal bands - the
vertical part is yellow (hoist side), black, and white and the
horizontal part is yellow (top), black, and white; superimposed in
the center of the cross is a red disk bearing a Sisserou Parrot,
unique to Dominica, encircled by 10 green, five-pointed stars edged
in yellow; the 10 stars represent the 10 administrative divisions
(parishes); green symbolizes the island's lush vegetation; the
triple-colored cross represents the Christian Trinity; the yellow
color denotes sunshine, the main agricultural products (citrus and
bananas), and the native Carib Indians; black is for the rich soil
and the African heritage of most citizens; white signifies rivers,
waterfalls, and the purity of aspirations; the red disc stands for
social justice
Dominican Republic
a centered white cross that extends to the edges
divides the flag into four rectangles - the top ones are blue (hoist
side) and red, and the bottom ones are red (hoist side) and blue; a
small coat of arms featuring a shield supported by a laurel branch
(left) and a palm branch (right) is at the center of the cross;
above the shield a blue ribbon displays the motto, DIOS, PATRIA,
LIBERTAD (God, Fatherland, Liberty), and below the shield, REPUBLICA
DOMINICANA appears on a red ribbon; in the shield a bible is opened
to a verse that reads "Y la verdad nos hara libre" (And the truth
shall set you free); blue stands for liberty, white for salvation,
and red for the blood of heroes
Ecuador
three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue,
and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the
flag; the flag retains the three main colors of the banner of Gran
Columbia, the South American republic that broke up in 1830; the
yellow color represents sunshine, grain, and mineral wealth, blue
the sky, sea, and rivers, and red the blood of patriots spilled in
the struggle for freedom and justice
note: similar to the flag of Colombia, which is shorter and does not
bear a coat of arms
Egypt
three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black;
the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side
with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the
name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band; the band
colors derive from the Arab Liberation flag and represent oppression
(black), overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by a
bright future (white)
note: similar to the flag of Syria, which has two green stars in the
white band, Iraq, which has an Arabic inscription centered in the
white band, and Yemen, which has a plain white band
El Salvador
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and
blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the
coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words
REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; the banner is based
on the former blue-white-blue flag of the Federal Republic of
Central America; the blue bands symbolize the Pacific Ocean and the
Caribbean Sea, while the white band represents the land between the
two bodies of water, as well as peace and prosperity
note: similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat
of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle
encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA
CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which
has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white
band
Equatorial Guinea
three equal horizontal bands of green (top),
white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist
side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of
arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and
five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton
tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ,
JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice); green symbolizes the jungle and
natural resources, blue represents the sea that connects the
mainland to the islands, white stands for peace, and red recalls the
fight for independence
Eritrea
red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) dividing
the flag into two right triangles; the upper triangle is green, the
lower one is blue; a gold wreath encircling a gold olive branch is
centered on the hoist side of the red triangle; green stands for the
country's agriculture economy, red signifies the blood shed in the
fight for freedom, and blue symbolizes the bounty of the sea; the
wreath-olive branch symbol is similar to that on the first flag of
Eritrea from 1952; the shape of the red triangle broadly mimics the
shape of the country
Estonia
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and
white; various interpretations are linked to the flag colors; blue
represents faith, loyalty, and devotion, while also reminiscent of
the sky, sea, and lakes of the country; black symbolizes the soil of
the country and the dark past and suffering endured by the Estonian
people; white refers to the striving towards enlightenment and
virtue, and is the color of birch bark and snow, as well as summer
nights illuminated by the midnight sun
Ethiopia
three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and
red, with a yellow pentagram and single yellow rays emanating from
the angles between the points on a light blue disk centered on the
three bands; green represents hope and the fertility of the land,
yellow symbolizes justice and harmony, while red stands for
sacrifice and heroism in the defense of the land; the blue of the
disk symbolizes peace and the pentagram represents the unity and
equality of the nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia
note: Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa, and the
three main colors of her flag (adopted ca. 1895) were so often
adopted by other African countries upon independence that they
became known as the Pan-African colors; the emblem in the center of
the current flag was added in 1996