Tonga
red with a bold red cross on a white rectangle in the upper
hoist-side corner; the cross reflects the deep-rooted Christianity
in Tonga; red represents the blood of Christ and his sacrifice;
white signifies purity
Trinidad and Tobago
red with a white-edged black diagonal band from
the upper hoist side to the lower fly side; the colors represent the
elements of earth, water, and fire; black stands for the wealth of
the land and the dedication of the people; white symbolizes the sea
surrounding the islands, the purity of the country's aspirations,
and equality; red symbolizes the warmth and energy of the sun, the
vitality of the land, and the courage and friendliness of its people
Tunisia
red with a white disk in the center bearing a red crescent
nearly encircling a red five-pointed star; resembles the Ottoman
flag (red banner with white crescent and star) and recalls Tunisia's
history as part of the Ottoman Empire; red represents the blood shed
by martyrs in the struggle against oppression, white stands for
peace; the crescent and star are traditional symbols of Islam
note: the flag is based on that of Turkey, itself a successor state
to the Ottoman Empire
Turkey
red with a vertical white crescent moon (the closed portion
is toward the hoist side) and white five-pointed star centered just
outside the crescent opening; the flag colors and designs closely
resemble those on the banner of Ottoman Empire, which preceded
modern-day Turkey; the crescent moon and star serve as insignia for
the Turks, as well as being traditional symbols of Islam; according
to legend, the flag represents the reflection of the moon and a star
in a pool of blood of Turkish warriors
Turkmenistan
green field with a vertical red stripe near the hoist
side, containing five tribal guls (designs used in producing
carpets) stacked above two crossed olive branches; five white stars
and a white crescent moon appear in the upper corner of the field
just to the fly side of the red stripe; the green color and crescent
moon represent Islam; the five stars symbolize the regions or
welayats of Turkmenistan; the guls reflect the national identity of
Turkmenistan where carpet-making has long been a part of traditional
nomadic life
note: the flag of Turkmenistan is the most intricate of all national
flags
Turks and Caicos Islands
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper
hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer
half of the flag; the shield is yellow and displays a conch shell, a
spiny lobster, and Turks Head cactus - three common elements of the
islands' biota
Tuvalu
light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country
with nine yellow, five-pointed stars on a blue field symbolizing the
nine atolls in the ocean
Uganda
six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red,
black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center
and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the
hoist side; black symbolizes the African people, yellow sunshine and
vitality, red African brotherhood; the crane was the military badge
of Ugandan soldiers under the UK
Ukraine
two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow
represent grain fields under a blue sky
United Arab Emirates
three equal horizontal bands of green (top),
white, and black with a wider vertical red band on the hoist side;
the flag incorporates all four Pan-Arab colors, which in this case
represent fertility (green), neutrality (white), petroleum resources
(black), and unity (red); red was the traditional color incorporated
into all flags of the emirates before their unification