Tajikistan
major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for
Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited
illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption;
Tajikistan seizes roughly 80% of all drugs captured in Central Asia
and stands third worldwide in seizures of opiates (heroin and raw
opium); significant consumer of opiates
Tanzania
targeted by traffickers moving hashish, Afghan heroin, and
South American cocaine transported down the East African coastline,
through airports, or overland through Central Africa; Zanzibar
likely used by traffickers for drug smuggling; traffickers in the
past have recruited Tanzanian couriers to move drugs through Iran
into East Asia.
Thailand
a minor producer of opium, heroin, and marijuana; transit
point for illicit heroin en route to the international drug market
from Burma and Laos; eradication efforts have reduced the area of
cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to neighboring
countries; opium poppy cultivation has been reduced by eradication
efforts; also a drug money-laundering center; minor role in
methamphetamine production for regional consumption; major consumer
of methamphetamine since the 1990s despite a series of government
crackdowns
Timor-Leste
NA
Togo
transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money
laundering not a significant problem
Trinidad and Tobago
transshipment point for South American drugs
destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis
Turkey
key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western
Europe and, to a lesser extent, the US - via air, land, and sea
routes; major Turkish and other international trafficking
organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert
imported morphine base into heroin exist in remote regions of Turkey
and near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over areas
of legal opium poppy cultivation and over output of poppy straw
concentrate; lax enforcement of money-laundering controls
Turkmenistan
transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian
and Western European markets; transit point for heroin precursor
chemicals bound for Afghanistan
Turks and Caicos Islands
transshipment point for South American
narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Ukraine
limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for
CIS consumption; some synthetic drug production for export to the
West; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment
point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Africa, Latin
America, and Turkey to Europe and Russia; Ukraine has improved
anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the
Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and
Territories List in February 2004; Ukraine's anti-money-laundering
regime continues to be monitored by FATF