Papua New Guinea
based on English common law; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Paraguay
based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes;
judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Peru
based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
with reservations
Philippines
based on Spanish and Anglo-American law; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Pitcairn Islands
local island by-laws
Poland
based on a mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and
holdover Communist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced
as part of broader democratization process; limited judicial review
of legislative acts, but rulings of the Constitutional Tribunal are
final; court decisions can be appealed to the European Court of
Justice in Strasbourg; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with
reservations
Portugal
based on civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal
reviews the constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction with reservations
Puerto Rico
based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal
system of justice
Qatar
based on Islamic and civil law codes; discretionary system of
law controlled by the Amir, although civil codes are being
implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Romania
based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction