Mr. Gallatin said this question might be considered either as of a personal, or of a general nature. He had heard gentlemen, arguing both in support of and against the resolution, speak of the important services rendered by the gentleman from South Carolina in having accomplished the treaty with Spain. Nor did he conceive this to be out of order. He believed, however, the gentleman himself was perfectly indifferent as to the fate of the question.
Mr. G. had some doubt with respect to the construction of the constitution on this point. If he was well acquainted with the fact relative to this business, it stood in this way: When Mr. Pinckney was sent as Envoy Extraordinary to Spain, he still remained Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Great Britain; therefore he was altogether precluded from accepting of the present offered to him by the Spanish Government on his taking leave from that Court; but, with respect to the present offered to him by Great Britain, it appeared to him that the moment a Minister receives his letters of recall, and has taken his leave, he is no longer an officer of the government; and, in such case, both under the present constitution, and under the old Confederation, presents have been received. So far, therefore, as relates to Great Britain, he did not think it was necessary to apply to Congress for their consent.
He had said, that after a Minister has received his letters of recall, there was nothing to prevent him from accepting of a present. He might be told the constitution is lame in that respect; but it was more so with respect to private citizens, because any private citizen might receive either presents or titles from a foreign power. It has not, therefore, effectually shut out corruption. Officers may receive presents by consent of Congress; but any officer, or member of Congress, might accept of presents, either in secrecy, or wait till they are out of office and receive them publicly. Nothing could prevent this but the infamy that would attach to such an act. Therefore, so far as it was contended that a disagreement to this resolution would shut out a source of corruption, it had little effect upon his mind.
But there was another point of view on this subject, which would induce him to give his vote against the resolution. He considered that if Congress gave its assent to this proposition, it would be saying that they approve of the act, and that it is in itself proper that a foreign Minister should receive presents. If it was, in their opinion, proper to accept of these presents, the resolution would be affirmed; but if they were of opinion, that the practice is a bad one; that it is useless in itself, and ought to cease, they had nothing to do but refuse to authorize it. He owned it was proper to keep up civilities, when it could be done by conforming to custom of an inoffensive nature; but when the constitution stood in the way, it ought always to be respected.
The question on the resolution was put, and negatived—44 to 38.
The committee then rose and reported their disagreement to the resolution of the Senate; when the question was taken on concurring with the Committee of the Whole in their disagreement, and decided in the affirmative—yeas 49, nays 37, as follows:
Yeas.—George Baer, jun., David Bard, Bailey Bartlett, Lemuel Benton, Thomas Blount, Richard Brent, Nathan Bryan, Stephen Bullock, Dempsey Burges, Thomas Claiborne, William Charles Cole Claiborne, John Clopton, Thomas T. Davis, John Dawson, John Dennis, George Dent, Lucas Elmendorph, Thomas Evans, William Findlay, John Fowler, Albert Gallatin, James Gillespie, John A. Hanna, Carter B. Harrison, Jonathan N. Havens, Joseph Heister, Walter Jones, Matthew Locke, Matthew Lyon, James Machir, Nathaniel Macon, Blair McClenachan, Joseph McDowell, John Milledge, Anthony New, Josiah Parker, James Schureman, Thompson J. Skinner, William Smith, Richard Sprigg, jun., Richard Stanford, Thomas Sumter, Thomas Tillinghast, Abram Trigg, John Trigg, Phillip Van Cortlandt, Joseph B. Varnum, Abraham Venable, and Robert Williams.
Nays.—John Allen, Abraham Baldwin, James A. Bayard, David Brooks, John Chapman, Samuel W. Dana, William Edmond, Abiel Foster, Dwight Foster, Jonathan Freeman, Henry Glenn, Chauncey Goodrich, Roger Griswold, William Barry Grove, Robert Goodloe Harper, William Hindman, David Holmes, Hezekiah L. Hosmer, James H. Imlay, Samuel Lyman, William Matthews, Daniel Morgan, Lewis R. Morris, Harrison G. Otis, John Rutledge, jun., Samuel Sewall, William Shepard, Thomas Sinnickson, Samuel Sitgreaves, Nathaniel Smith, Samuel Smith, George Thatcher, Richard Thomas, Mark Thompson, John E. Van Allen, Peleg Wadsworth, and John Williams.