"Some curious facts are connected with this measure, and the people of the Union at large are intermediately, and the people of this State immediately interested to consider the movements, the mode of operation, and the effects.
"We noticed a few days ago the caucuses (or secret consultations) held in the Senate Chamber. An attempt was made in an evening paper to give a counteraction (for these people are admirable at the system of intrigue) to the development of the Aurora, and to call those meetings jacobinical; we must cordially assent to the jacobinism of those meetings—they were in the perfect spirit of a jacobinical conclave.
"The plain facts we stated are, however, unquestionable; but we have additional information to give on the subject of those meetings. We stated, that intrigues for the Presidential election were among the objects; we now state it as a fact that cannot be disputed upon fair ground, that the bill we this day present was discussed at the caucus on Wednesday evening last.
"It is worthy of remark how this bill grew into existence.
"The opponents of independence and republican Government, who supported Mr. Ross in the contest against Governor McKean, are well known by the indecency, the slander, and the falsehood of the measures they pursued—and it is well known that they are all devoted to the Federal party, which we dissected on Monday. Mr. Ross proposed this bill in the Federal Senate, (how consistently with the decency of his friends will be seen;) a committee of five was appointed to prepare a bill on the subject: on this committee, Mr. Pinckney, of South Carolina, was appointed. On Thursday morning last (the caucus held the preceding evening) Mr. Ross informed Mr. Pinckney that the committee had drawn up a bill on the subject, when in fact Mr. Pinckney had never been consulted on the subject, though a member of the committee! The bill was introduced and passed as below.
"On this occasion it may not be impertinent to introduce an anecdote which will illustrate the nature of caucuses, and show that our popular Government may, in the hands of a faction, be as completely abused as the French Constitution has been, by the self-created Consuls:
"In the summer session of 1798, when Federal thunder and violence were belched from the pestiferous lungs of more than one despotic minion, a caucus was held at the house of Mr. Bingham, in this city. It was composed of members of the Senate, and there were present seventeen members. The Senate consisting of thirty-two members, this number was of course a majority, and the session was a full one.
"Prior to deliberation on the measures of war, navy, army, democratic proscription, &c., it was proposed, and agreed to, that all the members present should solemnly pledge themselves to act firmly upon the measures to be agreed upon by the majority of the persons present at the caucus.
"The measures were perfectly in the high tone of that extraordinary session. But upon a division of the caucus it was found that they were divided, nine against eight. This majority, however, held the minority to their engagement, and the whole seventeen voted in Senate upon all the measures discussed at the caucus.
"Thus it is seen that a secret self-appointed meeting of seventeen persons dictated laws to the United States, and not only that nine of that seventeen had the full command and power over the consciences and votes of the other eight, but that nine possessed, by the turpitude of the eight, actually all the power which the constitution declares shall be vested in the majority only. In other words, a minority of nine members of the Senate ruled the other twenty-three members.