Bewildered by news of the Confederate raid on his communications, Pope withdrew from the Rappahannock and began concentrating in the vicinity of Manassas Junction. On the 29th, he threw his whole force against Jackson. While the battle raged north of Groveton, Longstreet turned into the Warrenton Turnpike at Gainesville and, marching unopposed toward Groveton, joined Johnston and extended the Confederate line southward across the pike.
Early on the 30th, Pope, ignorant of Longstreet’s arrival, renewed the battle with a drive against Jackson’s line, which he thought was withdrawing. As the attacking column staggered under the raking fire of Confederate batteries, Jackson delivered a furious counterstroke. At this juncture Longstreet wheeled his line northeast, swept over Bald Hill, and drove on toward the pike. Only a resolute stand of Federal troops on Henry House Hill prevented Pope’s lines of retreat from being cut and enabled him to fall back eastward over Bull Run to Centreville. On September 1, Pope foiled a second Confederate attempt to cut across his line of retreat in a desperately contested action at Ox Hill (Chantilly) and then retired to the defenses of Washington. Lee prepared to invade Maryland.
Administration—Museum Building
The Federal strength at the battle was approximately 73,000, losses 14,462. Confederate strength at the battle was approximately 55,000, losses 9,474.
The Park
Manassas National Battlefield Park was designated a Federal area May 10, 1940. The 1,670.74 acres of federally owned land in the park comprise portions of the two battlefields. Henry House Hill constitutes the most significant site within the park, providing a panoramic sweep of the whole battle area. Here are located the Administration-Museum Building and the equestrian statue of Stonewall Jackson. The historic Stone House, which served as a field hospital in both battles and is one of the most prominent landmarks on the field, is also preserved.
Related Areas
Other areas in Virginia of the Civil War period, which the National Park Service administers, are: Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Richmond National Battlefield Park, Petersburg National Military Park, and Appomattox Court House National Monument.