| Soap—common yellow, not salt-water soap | 3 parts. |
| Tallow | 7 parts. |
| Rosin | 7 parts. |
The tallow should be melted first, then melt and add the rosin, and lastly the soap, bringing the mass to a heat that will make it very fluid.
The shells having been first thoroughly cleaned, fill them about one-third full of the composition, roll them slowly so as to spread the mixture over the whole interior surface, and then pour off the residue. This coating should be about one-tenth (0.1) of an inch in thickness, except at the bottom of the shell, where it should be about three-quarters of an inch thick. To obtain these thicknesses, the operation of coating should be performed twice; then pour into the shell enough of the composition to produce the desired thickness at the bottom, the shell standing on its base. After the composition is perfectly cool, immerse the shell in hot water at as high a temperature as the composition will stand without "running"—about 170 degrees. This second heating of the composition in the bath toughens it, and causes it to adhere more closely to the shell.
APPENDIX.
A. [ALLOWANCE TABLE OF CREWS.]
B. [TABLES OF GUNNERY PRACTICE.]