2 Not publishable.
Sources: Production, Dyes and Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals in the United States; imports, invoice analyses, U. S. Tariff Commission.
SYNTHETIC TAR ACIDS OTHER THAN PHENOL
Certain synthetic tar acids other than synthetic phenol are used commercially in the manufacture of synthetic resins in the United States. Among these are para tertiary amyl phenol, para tertiary butyl phenol, ortho phenyl phenol, para phenyl phenol, and resorcinal.
Para tertiary amyl phenol.
Para tertiary amyl phenol is made by reacting amylene with phenol in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst. At ordinary temperatures it is a solid, melting at about 88° C. and boiling between 250°-265° C. Its use is of increasing importance as a component in tar-acid resins, especially in oil-soluble varnish resins. Owing to its phenol coefficient of approximately 60, it is also used as a germicide, fumigant, and insecticide. Commercial production was reported for the first time in 1933. Since then the output has increased appreciably each year, accompanied by material reductions in sales prices.
According to United States Patent No. 1,800,295, dated April 14, 1931, a resin fast to light and soluble in oils is obtained by heating 82 parts of p-tertiary amyl phenol with 90 parts of formaldehyde, in the presence of sodium hydroxide. This substituted phenol resin passes slowly into the infusible state, thus permitting better control of the reaction.
Para tertiary butyl phenol.
Para tertiary butyl phenol is a white solid with an aromatic odor, melting at approximately 100° C. It is a new commercial product and is used in resins for paints and varnishes. It is the most important resin material in this group.