Threats of vexatious suits against customers: Emack v. Kane, 34 Fed. 46; Lewin v. Welsbach Light Co., 81 Fed. 904; Farquhar Co. v. National Harrow Co., 99 Fed. 160; Adriance v. National Harrow Co., 121 Fed. 827, 98 Fed. 118; Dittgen v. Racine Paper Goods Co., 164 Fed. 85; Electric Renovator Co. v. Vacuum Cleaner Co., 189 Fed. 754; Atlas Underwear Co. v. Cooper Underwear Co., 210 Fed. 347; Shoemaker v. South Bend Spark Arrester Co., 135 Ind. 471; Pratt Food Co. v. Bird, 148 Mich. 631.
[560]. St. Johnsbury Co. v. Hunt, 55 Vt. 570 (arrest of plaintiff’s engineer on a malicious and baseless charge, whereby the running of plaintiff’s train was delayed) Accord.
[561]. Gunter v. Astor, 4 Moore, 12; Hartley v. Cummings, 5 C. B. 247; Jones v. Blocker, 43 Ga. 331; Wharton v. Jossey, 46 Ga. 578; Lee v. West, 47 Ga. 311 (semble); Smith v. Goodman, 75 Ga. 198; Bundy v. Dodson, 28 Ind. 295; Jones v. Tevis, 4 Litt. 25; Tyson v. Ewing, 3 J. J. Marsh, 185; Carew v. Rutherford, 106 Mass. 1; Bixby v. Dunlap, 56 N. H. 456; Stille v. Jenkins, 3 Green, (N. J.) 302; Scidmore v. Smith, 13 John. 322; Covert v. Gray, 34 How. Pr. 450; Johnston Co. v. Meinhardt, 9 Abb. N. C. 393; Stout v. Woody, 63 N. C. 37; Haskins v. Royster, 70 N. C. 601; Robinson v. Culp, 3 Brev. 302; Daniel v. Swearengen, 6 S. C. 297; Fowler v. Stonum, 6 Tex. 60; Thacker Co. v. Burke, 59 W. Va. 253; Cowper v. Macfarlane, 6 Sess. Cas., 4th Series, 683 Accord.
See, also, Martinez v. Gerber, 3 M. & G. 88.
An action will lie against one who induces a servant to violate his duty not to communicate the trade secrets of his employer. Jones v. Westervelt, 7 Cow. 445; Kerr v. Roxburgh, 3 Murr. (Scotland) 126; Roxburgh v. McArthur, 3 Sess. Cas., 2d Series, 556.
[562]. In Blake v. Lanyon, 6 T. R. 221, a journeyman, while his work was unfinished, left plaintiff and hired with defendant, who then did not know the facts. Defendant was held liable for retaining the journeyman after notice. Fawcet v. Beavres, 2 Lev. 63; Pilkington v. Scott, 15 M. & W. 657; Kennedy v. McArthur, 5 Ala. 151; Dacy v. Gay, 16 Ga. 203; Everett v. Sherfey, 1 Ia. 356; Stowe v. Heywood, 7 All. 118; Sargent v. Mathewson, 38 N. H. 54; Dickson v. Taylor, 1 Murr. (Scotland) 141 Accord. Adams v. Bafeald, 1 Leon. 240; Caldwell v. O’Neal, 117 Ga. 775 (if contract is oral only) Contra.
It was said also that there was no liability for the hiring of plaintiff’s journeyman without notice of the facts. Eades v. Vandeput, 5 East, 39 n. (a); Sherwood v. Hall, 3 Sumn. 127; Ferguson v. Tucker, 2 Har. & G. 182; Butterfield v. Ashley, 6 Cush. 249; Sargent v. Mathewson, 38 N. H. 54; Clark v. Clark, 63 N. J. Law, 1; Stuart v. Simpson, 1 Wend. 376; Caughey v. Smith, 47 N. Y. 244; Bell v. Lakin, 1 McMull. 364; Conant v. Raymond, 2 Aik. 243 Accord.
[563]. The arguments of counsel are omitted.
[564]. “The rule which governs the numerous cases upon this subject is, that where the proximate effect of the criminal connection is an incapacity to labor, by reason of which the master loses the services of his servant, such loss of service is deemed to be the immediate effect of the connection, and entitles the master to his action. The same principle which gives a master an action where the connection causes pregnancy or sexual disease applies to all cases where the proximate consequence of the criminal act is a loss of health resulting in a loss of service. There may be cases in which the seduction, without producing pregnancy or sexual disease, causes bodily injury, impairing the health of the servant, and resulting in a loss of services to her master. So the criminal connection may be accomplished under such circumstances, as, for instance, of violence or fraud, that its proximate effect is mental distress or disease, impairing her health and destroying her capacity to labor. In either of these cases the master may maintain an action, because the loss of services is immediately caused by the connection, as much as in cases of pregnancy or sexual disease. Vanhorn v. Freeman, 1 Halst. 322. But if the loss of health is caused by mental suffering, which is not the consequence of the seduction, but is produced by subsequent intervening causes, such as abandonment by the seducer, shame resulting from exposure, or other similar causes, the loss of services is too remote a consequence of the criminal act, and the action cannot be maintained. Boyle v. Brandon, 13 M. & W. 738; Knight v. Wilcox, 14 N. Y. 413.
“In the case at bar, as the ruling appears to have been general that the action could not be maintained unless pregnancy or sexual disease was proved, we think a new trial should be granted.” Morton, J., in Abrahams v. Kidney, 104 Mass. 222. See to the same effect Blagge v. Ilsley, 127 Mass. 191; Clark v. Clark, 63 N. J. Law, 1; White v. Nellis, 31 N. Y. 405; Ingerson v. Miller, 47 Barb. 47.