[602]. German Civil Code, §§ 226, 826.

226. The exercise of a right is not permitted, when its sole object is to injure another.

826. Whoever intentionally inflicts damage upon another in a morally reprehensible manner is bound to compensate the other for the damage.

See also Digest, xxxix, 3, 1, § 12, xxxix, 3, 2, § 9; L. 17, 55; Domat, Civil Law (Cushing’s ed.) § 158; Erskine, Institutes of the Law of Scotland, Bk. II, tit. 1, § 2; Bell, Principles of the Law of Scotland, § 966; Planiol, Traité Elémentaire de droit civil, (4 ed.), II, §§ 870–72; Windscheid, Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts, I, § 121; Ames, How Far an Act May Be a Tort Because of the Wrongful Motive of the Actor, 18 Harvard Law Rev. 411; Walton, Motive as an Element in Torts in the Common and in the Civil Law, 22 Harvard Law Rev. 349.

[603]. Some opinions are omitted. None are given in full. Arguments omitted.

[604]. Read by Lord Davey in Lord Lindley’s absence.

[605]. [1895] 2 Q. B. 22, 23; [1898] A. C. 3.

[606]. [1898] A. C. p. 19, Lord Watson; p. 115, Lord Herschell; pp. 147–150, Lord Macnaghten; pp. 161, 165, Lord Shand; p. 175, Lord Davey; p. 178, Lord James.

[607]. England, Trade Disputes Act, 1906, 6 Ed. 7, c. 47.

1.—The following paragraph shall be added as a new paragraph after the first paragraph of section three of the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act, 1875:—