A case of death from pulmonary aneurism and hæmoptysis in a child aged two and a half years is reported in London Path. Soc. Trans.;30 also one by Powell31 of a child seven months old from a similar rupture—illustrations of the remark that children are subject not so much to initial as to terminal hæmoptysis.

30 Vol. ii. p. 35.

31 Med. Times and Gaz., June, 1874.

As to the relations of sex to the amount of hæmoptysis, we have the Table XI. from the second medical report of the Brompton Hospital:

Males.Females.Males.Females.Total.
Below drachm j in quantity.84370055831681
From drachm j to drachm iv.61648234691201
From ½ oz. to 4 oz.4292681321731
Above 4 oz.34315397512
Entirely absent.5881937465920
281917961852455045

These results correspond with the general one stated by Williams,32 that large hemorrhages occurred in 34.76 per cent. of males, and in only 17.67 per cent. of females. In the above table, where quantities of blood above four ounces were noted, the male figure is more than double that of the female. As regards exemption, it is stated that of the cases of decided phthisis which had been free from hæmoptysis, about five-sevenths were males, and under two-sevenths females. In general it may be said that females are more liable to small and males to the larger hemorrhages.

32 Treatise on Consumption, p. 156.

Of 268 females in our Cincinnati Hospital list, 44 had hæmoptysis—about 13 per cent. Of 998 males, 431 had hæmoptysis, or about 43 per cent.

In the second Brompton Hospital report33 it is stated that "many of the most violent attacks of this nature (sudden fatal terminations) have depended on a sudden rise in the temperature." The peculiar prevalence of hæmoptysis on the coasts of some warm countries has long since been noted. Archibald Smith,34 in giving his practical observations on the diseases of Peru, says: "There appears to be a general predisposition to this disease, hæmoptysis." An intelligent individual, himself a sufferer while then a resident on the lower portion of the North American south-western coast, has given me the same statement. Pasley35 says at least 10 per cent. of the cases of phthisis in Trinidad which die in the hospital terminate in a profuse hæmoptysis; the quantity of blood varies from 15 to 70 or 80 ounces, and the duration of life from the beginning of the hæmoptysis till the end five to fifteen minutes. Of Ware's cases,36 83 were in winter, 101 in spring, 69 in summer, 102 in autumn, or 185 in autumn and winter, 170 in spring and summer. In four months of warm weather, June, July, August, and September, 97 cases; in October, November, December, and January, 134; in February, March, April, and May, 124—an average of 129 for the eight cold months, an excess of 32 cases, or about 33 per cent.; in the transition seasons, spring and autumn, 101 and 102. The highest numbers were in March and November, 38 and 39; lowest number in June, 18. These are the only figures obtainable as to our climate, and they do not agree with those given by R. E. Thompson's table,37 showing the prevalence of hæmoptysis as to months in 1000 well-marked cases:

Jan.,Feb.,Mar.,Apr.,May,June,July,Aug.,Sept.,Oct.,Nov.,Dec.,
676190951121301286464558163