Year. Total. Native. Foreign. White. Colored.
1860 31,443,321 27,304,624 4,138,697 26,922,537 4,441,830
1870 38,558,371 32,991,142 5,567,229 33,589,377 4,880,0092
1880 50,155,783 43,475,840 6,679,943 43,402,970 6,580,7933
Insane.
1860 24,042 17,399 5,784 23,276 766
1870 37,432 26,205 11,227 35,610 1,774
1880 91,997 65,651 26,346 85,840 5,998
Idiotic.
1860 18,930 17,685 1,125 16,952 1,978
1870 24,527 22,882 1,645 21,324 3,188
1880 76,895 72,888 4,007 67,316 9,4904

2 Unknown, 55.

3 Unknown, 148.

4 Unknown, 1.

INSANE AND IDIOTIC POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES BY THE CENSUS OF 1880.5

Total. Native. Foreign. White. Negro
and
Mixed.		 Native
White.		 Foreign
White.
Insane. 91,997 65,651 26,346 85,840 5,998 59,600 26,240
Idiotic. 76,895 72,888 4,007 67,316 9,490 63,314 4,002
Of unsound mind. 168,892 138,539 30,353 153,156 15,488 122,914 30,242
Population to 1 insane. 545 662 253 505 1,097 618 250
Population to 1 idiotic. 652 596 1,666 644 693 581 1,642
Population to 1 of unsound mind. 297 314 220 283 425 299 217

5 Total population, 50,155,783; native, 43,475,840; foreign, 6,679,943; white, 43,402,970 (unknown, 148); negro and mixed, 6,580,793; native white, 36,828,640; foreign white, 6,574,330; civilized Indians, 66,407; Chinese, 105,465. Among the Indians there were 53 insane, 84 idiotic, 137, or 1 in 485, distributed over 30 States and Territories; among the Chinese, 105 insane, 5 idiotic, 110, or 1 in 959.

In England and Wales in 1860, with a population of 19,902,713, there were known to the lunacy commissioners 38,058 persons of unsound mind, including the insane, idiots, and imbeciles, or 523 persons to 1 of unsound mind. In 1870 this number had increased to 1 in 411. It seems by the census of 1871, however, that there were 39,567 insane and 29,452 idiots and imbeciles, in all 69,019 of unsound mind, or 1 in 330 of the population. In 1880, with a population of 25,708,666, there were known to the lunacy commissioners 71,191 persons of unsound mind, or 1 to 362 of the population. The census returns of 1881 are not available. The most recent statistics in Ireland indicate 1 person of unsound mind to each 260 of the population by the census, and in Scotland 1 in 362, according to the returns (not complete) to the lunacy commission.

In the following list, after the original States, of which Vermont, Maine, and West Virginia were parts later separated, the others are given in the order of their having been admitted as States to the Union, and finally the eight Territories. The States maintaining slavery up to the time of the civil war are printed in italics. The large proportion of insane persons in the District of Columbia is due to the fact that the government hospital contains so many officers and privates who really belong to the several States; and in California the insane hospitals have been used to a considerable extent by the adjoining States and Territories.

By the United States census of 1880 there was 1 person of unsound mind (insane and idiotic) in the United States to each 297 of the population; in the District of Columbia, 1 in 169; Connecticut, 1 in 245; Delaware, 313; Georgia, 373; Maryland, 294; Massachusetts, 249; New Hampshire, 197; New Jersey, 326; New York, 251; North Carolina, 270; Pennsylvania, 289; Rhode Island, 301; South Carolina, 368; Virginia, 290; Vermont, 182; Kentucky, 261; Tennessee, 259; Ohio, 232; Louisiana, 457, Indiana, 239; Mississippi, 415; Illinois, 330; Alabama, 337; Maine, 226; Missouri, 324; Arkansas, 371; Michigan, 328; Florida, 433; Texas, 414; Iowa, 334; Wisconsin, 305; California, 286; Minnesota, 416; Oregon, 312; Kansas, 478; West Virginia, 263; Nevada, 1270; Nebraska, 561; Colorado, 1104; Arizona, 1263; Dakota, 839; Idaho, 836; Montana, 529; New Mexico, 434; Utah, 481; Washington, 412; Wyoming, 3464.