Anesthesia by ether in 1846.

Anesthesia by chloroform in 1847.

Submarine cable in 1851.

Gatling gun in 1861.

Monitor war-ship in 1862.

Typewriter in 1868.

Automatic air-brake in 1872.

Telephone in 1876.

Phonograph in 1877.

Electric railway in 1879.