Bibliographical history of electricity & magnetism, chronologically arranged

by Unknown

I

• Iamblichus, Greek writer and head of Syrian Neoplatonism (fl. second century A.D.); Life of Pythagoras, [2], [515], [537]
• Iatromathematical School founded by Borelli, which became the Accademia del Cimento, [96]
• Ibn Ahmed, Ibn Roschd. See [Averroës].
• Ibn Siná, Al Rayic. See [Avicenna].
• Ibn Yahga. See Avemplace.
• Iceland spar and other crystals. See references at pp. [153] (Leméry, etc.), and at pp. [355–357], Lehot, Huyghens, etc.
• Ideler, Christian Ludwig (1766–1846), [521]
• (Pogg. Annalen, XXVI. 1832); “Handbuch der mathematischen und technischen chronologie.”
• Idrisi. See [Edrisi].
• “Iliad” of Homer, translation by Pope, [7]
• “Illustrated London News,” [440]
• “Il Nuovo Cimento, Giornale di fisica ...” See [Nuovo Cimento].
• “Il Poligrafo, Giornale di scienze ...”: Verona, [420]
• Image du monde—Imago mundi—Mirroir du monde, [35]
• Imhof, Maximus (1758–1817), “Theoria electricitatis ...,” 1790 (Gilb., Ann., XVIII, 1804).
• Imperial Cyclopædia, also English and Penny Cyclopædias and Mech. Dict. by Charles Knight, [4], [11], [18], [27], [29], [31], [56], [57], [59], [66], [69], [148], [277], [284], [335], [397], [440], [446], [475]
• “Imperial Dictionary of Universal Biography,” published by Wm. McKenzie, [82], [117], [129], [285]
• Imp. reale istituto veneto di scienze, lettere ed arte; “Atti delle adunanze”: Venezia. See [Perego, Antonio].
• Inclination. See [Variation].
• Inclination. Word introduced by Henry Bond to denote magnetic dip.
• Inclinometer. See [Lloyd, Humphrey].
• Indagine. See [Jæger, Johann Ludolph].
• Index to the present work. See [Encyclopædia Britannica].
• Indicator, galvano-magnetic, [412]
• Induction, magneto-electric, Faraday’s discovery, [484–487]
• Induction memoirs. See Wurtmann, Elie François.
• “Industrie Moderne:” Bruxelles, [vii]
• Influence or induction machine, [337]
• Ingenhousz—Ingen-housz—Jan (1730–1799), [230], [239], [249], [251], [252], [256–258], [278], [280], [282], [299], [448]
• (Phil. Trans., 1775, 1778, 1779, 1780, 1788, 1789; Journal de Physique, XXXV. 1789).
• “Ingénieur (L’), Electricien,” publication commenced in Paris during 1861.
• Inglis, Gavin, theory of waterspouts (Phil. Mag., LIII. 216, 1818).
• Ingram (at Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), [240]
• Innocenti, G. (at A.D. 1805), [393]
• (Nuova Scelta d’Opusc., II. 96, 1807).
• Institut des mathématiques et physiques, [409]
• “Institut, L’,” publication commenced in Paris during 1833.
• Institut National des Sciences et des Arts. Mémoires: Paris, [178], [228], [247], [248], [277], [284], [288], [318], [333], [335], [339], [349], [350], [351], [352], [354], [355], [375], [376], [377], [380], [386], [388], [389], [410], [412], [415], [454], [455], [462], [468], [477]
• Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, [xiv].
• The “Journal” was commenced in 1872.
• Intensity, the most important element of terrestrial magnetism, [76], [250].
• See [Borda].
• “Internationale Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift und Bericht ueber die Elektrische Austellung”: Vienna, 1884.
• International Encyclopædia (New), Dodd, Meade and Co.: New York, [34], [38], [39], [64], [92], [392], [445], [513]
• Invisible or Philosophical College, which has since become the Royal Society, [130]
• Ionian School (at School of Athens), [542]
• Ionides, S. A. (at Lully, Raymond, A.D. 1235–1315), [32]
• Ions, [391], [480]
• Irish Academy, Transactions, [263], [317], [419]
• Irish Royal Society, [419]
• Irvine, Christopher (1638–1685), “Medicina magnetica ...”: Edinburgh, 1656, [554]
• Irving, Washington (1783–1859), History of the life ... Columbus, [32], [66]
• Isidore—Isodorus Hispalensis (c. A.D. 560–636), Bishop of Seville from A.D. 600 to 630, “Originum sive Etymologiarum,” Lib. XX. [17], [18], [20]
• Islands of eruption, or marine volcanoes, [417]
• Isomerism (at Mitscherlich, E., A.D. 1820), [471]
• Isomorphism discovered by Mitscherlich, [471]
• Istituto delle scienze ed. arti liberali: Bologna, 2 Vols. 1745–1748.
• Istituto Nazion. Ital., [248]
• Istituto R. Lombardo-Veneto, Memorie, Giornale, Atti, etc.
• See Lombardy, [141], [248], [257], [420]
• Italian Society, Memorie di matematica e fisica. See [Societa Italiana].
• Ivory, Sir James (1765–1842). See p. 645 of Cates’ Dictionary (Phil. Mag., LX. 81, 1822), [410]
• Izarn, Joseph (Giuseppe) (1766–1836), “Manuel du galvanisme”: Paris, 1805; “Lithologie atmosphériques ...”: [223], [275], [282], [306], [315], [349], [350], [355], [359], [366], [367], [376], [383], [391].
• See [Romagnosi, G. D.], “Manuale del galvanismo”: Firenze, 1805.

J

• J. G. S. (entered at A.D. 1707), [152]
• Jachim, George. See Rhactius.
• Jackson, A. V. W. (entered at Zoroaster), [541]
• Jackson, Benjamin Daydon, “Guide to the literature of Botany,” [153]
• Jackson, Charles Thomas (b. 1805), “Electro-magnetic telegraph”: Boston, 1849, [234]
• Jacobi, Joseph (1774–1813), “Elementi di Fisica ...”
• Jacobi, Moritz Hermann von (1801–1874), [285];
• “On the application of electro-magnetism to the movement of machines”: London, 1837 (Bull. Phys. Math. du St. Petersburg, I. 129, 1842; II., 1844; Pogg. Annal., XL. 1837).
• Jacopi, Joseph (1779–1813), [409]
• Jacopo. See Riccati-Jacopo.
• Jacotot, Pierre (1755–1821), [386]
• Jacquet de Malzet, Louis Sebastien (1715–1800), [387], [556]
• Jacquin, Nicolas Joseph Baron (1727–1817), [347], [422]
• Jadelot, J. Fr. Nicolas, was a son of the very celebrated doctor Nicolas Jadelot (1738–1793) and translated Humboldt’s work on galvanism (1738–1793), [326], [330]
• Jæger—Jäger—Johann Rudolph (Indagine) (1728–1787).
• Jæger—Jäger—Karl Christopher Friedrich von, of Wurtemberg, [363], [408], [421]
• Jahrbuch der Chemie und physik.... See [Nürnberg], [416]
• Jal, Augustus (1795–1873), “Dictionnaire Critique de biographie et d’histoire,” 1867.
• Jallabert, Giovanni Francisco (1689–1764), [263]
• Jallabert, Jean Louis (1712–1768), [179], [189], [209], [213], [229], [263], [385];
• “Expériences sur l’électricité ...”: Genève, 1748, and Paris, 1749 (Mémoires de Paris, 1742, 1748).
• James I of England, [82]
• Jameson’s Journal, [498]
• Jameson, Prof. Robert, of Edinburgh (1774–1854), [296], [465].
• See [Edinburgh, Phil. Journal and New Phil. Journal].
• Janet, Paul (at Volta, Alessandro, A.D. 1775), [248]
• Janin de Combe Blanche, Jean (1730–1790), [304], [385]
• Japanese historical notes ... received about A.D. 543, “the wheel which indicates the South,” [27]
• Jaques de Vitry. See [Vitry, James].
• Jayme, Juan, and Francisco Galli, test a new declinatorium, [78]
• Jeans, William T., “Lives of the electricians,” 1887.
• Jebb, Dr. Samuel (1694–1772), “Fratris Rogeri Bacon, edidit Londini, 1733,” [42].
• See p. 700 of the “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” 1908, Vol. X.
• Jefferson, Thomas (1743–1826), [327–328]
• Jelgersma, W. B., “Specimen physicum ... electricitatem,” 1775, [556]
• Jelinek, C., “Beitrage ... meteorologischer apparate ...”: Wien, 1850 (Sitzungsbericht Wien Acad., V. 1850, II. Abtheil).
• Jena—Iena—University, [403]
• Jenkin, Fleeming, “Précis of a lecture on construction of telegraphic lines ...”: London, 1863.
• Jenkin, William (at Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), [487]
• Jessen, F. E., “Norge” (at Torfæus, Th., A.D. 1266), [45]
• Jessenius, John (at Brahé, Tycho, A.D. 1601), [93]
• Jest, E. F., “Macchina ideo-elettrica d’Armstrong e sulla nuova pila di Bunsen”: Torina, 1844, 1845.
• Jewett, Llewellyn (at Wedgwood, Ralph, A.D. 1814), [429]
• Joachimus, Georgius, surnamed Rhæticus (1514–1576), has many works on Copernicus (Hœfer, “Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” Vol. XXVI. 716–718).
• Joannes a Trinitate, “Disputationes animasticæ ...,” 1713 [Aristotle].
• Joannes ab Incarnatione, “Joannis Duns Scoti ... Sententiarum Petri Lombardi ...,” 1609.
• Joannes Baptista Montanus. See [Montanus].
• Joannes Baptista, “Philosophica Aristotelica Restituta,” 1748.
• Joannes Baptista Porta. See [Porta].
• Joannes Costæus. See [Costæus].
• Joannes de Colonia, “Incipiunt questiones ...,” 1476 [Duns Scotus].
• Joannes de Mechlinea, “Textus ... de anima Aristoteles ...,” 1491.
• Joannes de Monte Regio, “Saphaeæ nobilis instrumenti astronomici,” 1534 [Müller, John, Regiomontanus].
• Joannes de Rupeccissa, “Cœlum Philosophorum,” 1544; and “Liber ... lapidis philosophorum,” 1613, 1702 [Aquinas, St. Thomas].
• Joannes de Sacro Bosco. See [Holywood, John].
• Joannes Franciscus Fernelius. See [Fernel].
• Joannes Franciscus Offusius. See [Offusius].
• Joannes Gioia. See [Gioia].
• Joannes Glozaviensis, “Introductorium ... sphere materialis ...,” 1518 [Holywood, John—Sacro Bosco].
• Joannes Isaacus, Hollandus, “Opera mineralia ... sive de lapide philosophico ...,” 1616 (a hundred and fourteen experiments, 1596) [Paracelsus].
• Joannes Langius. See Langius.
• Joannes Petrus, Lucensis, “Problemata Aristotelis ...,” 1501 [Alexander Aphrodiseus].
• Joannes Scotus Erigena, “Ein beitrag zur geschichte der philosophic ... in Mittelalter”: München, 1861. See Erigena.
• Joannes Stobnicensis, “Introductio in Ptolemai Cosmographiam ...,” 1519 [Ptolemæus, Claudius].
• Joannes Taisnier. See [Taisnier].
• Jobert de Lamballe, Antoine Joseph (b. 1799), “Des Appareils ...”; “On medical electricity” (“Bulletin Général de thérapeutique,” Vol. XXIII.; “Nouvelle Biographie Générale,” XXVI. 769), [299], [300], [386]
• Jocher—Jœcher—Christian Gottlieb, “Compendiöses Gelehrten-Lexicon”: Leipzig, 1750, [71], [107]
• Jode, Cornelius de, [563]
• Jodoigne, Bouvier de (Van Mons’ Journal, Nos. XII. and XL.), [388]
• John II, King of Portugal (1455–1495), [67]
• John IV, King of Portugal (1604–1656), [135], [136–137]
• John of Holywood. See [Sacro Bosco].
• John of London. See [Peckham, John].
• John of Rochelle. (d. 1271), [38]
• Johnson, Alvin L., “New Universal Cyclopædia,” edited by Charles Kendall Adams, [5], [23], [38], [64], [78], [208], [284], [302], [310], [412], [446], [455], [462], [481], [487], [495]
• Johnson, E. J., “On the influence which magnetic needles exercise over each other” (Phil. Trans. for 1834).
• Johnston, J., “Thaumatographia naturalis,” 1665, [554]
• Johnstone, James (at Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), [498]
• Jones, Alexander, “Historical sketch of the electric telegraph,” [159]
• Jones, G., “Observations on the Zodiacal Light ...,” 1856.
• Jones, Henry Bence. See [Royal Society], also [498]
• Jones, H. Lewis, “Medical Electricity,” [183], [189]
• Jones, J. Winter (at Varthema, L. di, A.D. 1502), [69]
• Jones, Prof. Stanley (at Porta, Giambattista della, A.D. 1558), [72]
• Jones, Thomas, “On his reflecting compass” (Gilb., Annal, LIV. 197, 508).
• Jones, William (1675(?)-1740), “Epitome of navigation....”
• Jones, William (1726–1800), “Essay on electricity”: London, 1799, [281];
• Jones and Rittenhouse, 1793.
• Jordan, C. J., “Engraving by galvanism” (Mechanics’ Magazine for June, 1839).
• Jordan, Johann Ludwig (mentioned at A.D. 1812), [419]
• Josephus, Flavius (b. A.D. 37), [9]
• Joubert, Marcel (at Faraday, Michael, A.D. 1821), [499]
• Joule, James Prescott (b. 1818), [346]
• (Ann. of Electricity, IV. 203, 1839; IV. 474, 1840; V. 187, 1840; V. 431, 1841; Phil. Mag., Ser. iii., XXIII. for 1843; Phil. Mag. for Oct., Dec. 1851 and Jan. 7, 1852).
• Jourdain, Amable Louis M. M. Bréchillet (1738–1818), [11], [38]
• Jourdain, Charles Marie Gabriel Bréchillet (b. 1817), [11]
• Jourdain, M., “Sur les traductions d’Aristotle,” [36]
• Journal de Chimie.... See [Mons, J. B. van].
• Journal de Chimie et d’histoire naturelle. See [Moll, Gerit].
• Journal de Chimie—Physique, de Philippe—A. Guye: Genève, [392]
• Journal de la société de pharmacie, [285], [306], [363]
• Journal de L’Ecole Polytechnique. See [Ecole Polytechnique].
• Journal de Leipzig, [248], [285]
• Journal de Litterature médicale, [241]
• Journal de Médecine, [249], [255], [326], [402], [556].
• See also [Bacher].
• Journal de Paris, [265], [271], [284], [288], [300], [342], [351]
• Journal de Pharmacie, [493]
• Journal de Physiologie, [325]
• Journal de Physique. See [Rozier, Monge]; de la Méthérie; begun as “Introdn. sur la physique,” [140], [198], [201], [207], [218], [224], [229], [235], [240], [241], [243], [248], [249], [257], [258], [259], [261], [262], [266], [271], [273], [274], [275], [277], [279], [280], [281], [284], [285], [288], [292], [295], [298], [300], [302], [303], [304], [306], [313], [320], [324], [326], [328], [329], [330], [337], [341], [349], [350], [351], [355], [362], [375], [376], [379], [383], [388], [394], [401], [402], [416], [431], [453], [476], [556], [557]
• Journal der Chemie. See [Gehlen, A. F.]
• Journal der Physik, von Friedrich Albert Carl Gren (1760–1798): Halle, Leipzig, 1790–1794; continued as Neues Journal der Physik, von F. A. C. Gren: Leipzig, 1795–1797; continued as Annalen der Physik, von (F. A. C. Gren) L. W. Gilbert: Halle, 1797–1808; Neue Folge, 1809–1818, Neueste Folge, 1819–1824; continued as Annalen der Physik (und Chemie), von J. C. Poggendorff: Leipzig 1824–1877, etc. “Journal für Chemie und Physik ...,” edited by J. J. Bernhardi, C. F. Bucholz ..., J. S. C. Schweigger and Dr. Meinecke: Nürnberg, 1811–1820, [220], [248], [249], [271], [284], [293], [303], [316], [320], [335], [449]
• Journal des Débats, [224], [377]
• Journal des Mines, [288], [314], [324], [388], [415]
• Journal des Savants—Sçavans. See Annales des Sciences, [viii], [x], [xvii], [11], [16], [20], [24], [26], [32], [33], [37], [39], [40], [42], [43], [54], [55], [61], [65], [75], [91], [93], [94], [96], [105], [117], [121], [122], [125], [127], [129], [130], [134], [140], [143], [144], [151], [152], [153], [155], [162], [166], [171], [178], [183], [187], [189], [199], [204], [214], [229], [233], [235], [242], [247], [262], [280], [300], [322], [355], [370], [371], [375], [380], [389], [462], [476], [505], [508], [510], [514], [517], [520], [521], [522], [526], [533], [536], [538]
• Journal des travaux de l’académie de l’industrie française, [421]
• Journal du galvanisme. See [Nauche, J. L.]
• Journal Encyclopédique. See [Bologna].
• Journal für die chemie und pharmacie. See [Gehlen, A. F. von].
• Journal für die chemie und physik. See Gehlen, A. F. von, at [Scherer, A. N.]
• Journal für chemie und physik. See [Gren] as above, likewise [Scherer], [Schweigger], also [Nürnberg].
• Journal für praktische chemie. See [Erdmann], [Scherer], also Nürnberg.
• Journal littéraire à la Haye, [155]
• Journal littéraire de Berlin, [263]
• “Journal of Arts and Sciences.” See [Newton’s].
• Journal of British Astronomical Association, [93]
• Journal of natural philosophy, chemistry and the Arts, by William Nicholson, publication commenced in London during 1797. After Vol. 36, it was incorporated with the Phil. Mag. See p. [548].
• Journal of physiological medicine, [499]
• Journal of science and the arts. See [Dublin], also Quarterly Journal, likewise [Royal Institution], [418], [437]
• Journal of the British Astronomical Association, [93]
• Journal of the (British) Royal Institute. See London.
• Journal of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania, edited by F. P. Jones and others, [27], [81], [199].
• See [Franklin Institute].
• Journal of the Horticultural Society, [257]
• Journal of the Royal Institution, [322]
• Journal of the Society of Arts: London. See [Society of Arts].
• Journal of the Society of Telegraph Engineers, [440], [455]
• Journal of the Telegraph, [440]
• “Journal Télégraphique,” publication commenced at Berne during 1869.
• Jove—Jovius—Paul—Paolo Jovio (1483–1552), Italian historian, [58], [211], [506], [507].
• See Moreri, L., Grand Dictionnaire, Vol. V. Pt. I, pp. 160–161.
• Joyce, Jeremiah (1763–1816).
• Jukes, J. Beete (at Mitscherlich, E., A.D. 1820), [471]
• Julia-Fontenelle, Jean Simon Sébastien Eugène de (1780–1842), “Manuel de l’électricité”; “Sur les combustions humaines spontanées”; “Manuel de Physique,” [329]
• Julio. See Giulio. Bibliothèque Italienne, 5 Vols., by Gioberti, Vassalli-Eandi and Rossi.
• Julius Cæsar Moderatus.
• Julius Cæsar Scaliger. See [Scaliger].
• Jungnitz, L. A., “Aphorismen über d. lehre von d. Elektricität”: Breslau, 1794, 1796.
• Junoblowiskiana Society, [285], [302], [303]
• Jurine, Louis (1751–1819), [331]
• Justin of Nassau Court and Olden Barnevelt, [518]

K

• Kaempfer, Engebrecht (1651–1716), [149], [230], [240]
• Kaemtz—Kamtz—Ludwig Friedrich (1801–1867), [185], [195], [249], [257], [308], [414], [416], [417];
• “Lehrbuch der meteorologie,” “Untersuchungen ...,” 1826 (Schweigg. Journ., XXXVIII. 1823; XLV. 1825; LIII. and LXI. 1828 and 1831; LVI. 1829; Phil Mag., LXII. 441; Mém. des Sar. Etrang., Vol. VI.; Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. St. Petersb., VII. 1849).
• Kaestner, Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb—Kastner, Christian—(1783–1857), [220], [314], [408], [529];
• “Archives für ... naturlehre,” 18 Vols.: Nürnberg, 1824, 1829; “Archives für ... meteorologie,” 1830; “Medicin Gelehrte-Lexikon.”
• Kahm—Kalm—P. (mentioned at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), [308]
• (Schwedische Akad. Abhandl., an 1752, p. 153).
• Kai-bara—Tok-sin, shows in the “Wa-zi-si” that the first magnetic cars were constructed in Japan during A.D. 658, [27]
• Kapp, Friedrich, “Geschichte ...,” [508]
• Karlsruhe Polytechnische Schule.
• Karsten, Carl Johann Bernhard (1782–1853), [511];
• “Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Physik”: Leipzig, 1856.
• Karsten, Gustav (b. 1820), “Allgemeine Physik.” One of the editors of Vol. I. of the “Allg. Encycl. d. Physik.”
• Karsten, Wenceslaus Johann Gustav (1732–1787), Anleitung ... Kenntn. d. Natur, 1783.
• Kast, Johann Joachim, “Questionum decades duæ de magnete”: Strasburg, 1683.
• Kastner—Kästner—Abraham G., “Geschichte der mathematik,” [93], [96], [115], [117], [147], [538], [541]
• Kazwini. See Zakarizā.
• Keferstein—Kefferstein—W., and Kupffer, D., [300]
• Keill, John (1671–1721), “Introductiones ad veram physicum,” [151], [163]
• Keir—Kier—James (Phil. Trans. for 1776) (1735–1820), [297]
• Keiser (at Zamboni, Giuseppe, A.D. 1812), [420]
• Kelland, Rev. P. (at Young, Thomas, A.D. 1807), [395]
• Kelly, John, Rector of Copford, “The life of J. Dollond ... inventor of the achromatic telescope,” [214]
• Kelsch, M. (at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793) [308]
• (Commerc. Litt. Norimb., 1734).
• Kelvin, Lord. See [Thomson, Sir William].
• Kemp, M., “Description of a non-galvanic pile ...,” 1828 (Jameson’s Journ., VI.).
• Kempe, Rev. J. E. (at Oersted, H. C., A.D. 1820), [455]
• Kempelen, Wolfgang von, [171]
• Kendall—Kendal—Abram—Abraham—English navigator, [69], [76], [522]
• Keou-tsoungchy, writes the earliest known description of a water compass, [29]
• Kepler, Johann (1571–1630), [92], [93], [95], [141], [208], [266], [484], [508];
• “Stella Martis,” “Epitome Astronomiæ Copernicanæ ...,” 1635. See Moreri, L., “Dictionnaire Historique ...,” Vol. V. Pt. 2, p. 21; Wundt, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, p. 34.
• Kerckring, Theodor. See Kirckringius.
• Kerner, T. (at Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), [305]
• Kerr, Robert (1755–1813), [297]
• Kew Observatory (at Ronalds, Sir Francis, A.D. 1816), [440]
• Kiel University (at Pfaff, C. H., A.D. 1821), [483]
• Kielmayer—Kielmaier—Karl Friedrich (1765–1844), [284], [302], [326];
• “Dissertatio sistens ... de electricitate et galvanismo”: Tubingen, 1802; “Examen experimentorum ... effectus magnetis ...”: Tubingen, 1813.
• Kienmayer, Franz von (d. 1802), “Sur une nouvelle manière de préparer l’amalgame electrique ...”: Paris, 1788 (Jour. de Phys., XXXIII. 1788, [97];
• Opusc. Scelti, XII. 3, 1789).
• Kierski, M. (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), [386];
• “Dissertatio de electricitatis ...”: Berolini, 1854.
• Kies, Johann (1713–1871), “De effectibus electricitatis ...”: Tubingen, 1775.
• Kiesser (Archiv., IV. 62), [401]
• Kilian, Franz M. (at Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), [306]
• King, Rev. C. W., “Antique gems,” [18], [526]
• King-che-so, the oldest known monument of sculptured stone, [3]
• King, Edward, “Remarks concerning stones said to have fallen from the clouds, both in these days and in ancient times”: London, 1796.
• King’s College, Cambridge, [549]
• Kingsley, Charles (at Plotinus of Alexandria), [534]
• Kingsley and Silliman, “An account of meteoric stones ...” (Phil. Mag., XXX. 232, 1808; Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., O.S. vi., Pt. II. 1818).
• Kin-Koung-yuan, the name of the magnetic cars first made in A.D. 806–820, [27], [28]
• Kinnersley, Ebenezer (1711–1778), [221–223], [228], [234], [320], [367], [379];
• “New experiments in electricity” (Phil. Trans. for 1763); “On some electrical experiments with charcoal” (Phil. Trans. for 1773).
• “Kiobenhaven Selskab. Skrifter som udi ... ere Tremlagde,” 1745.
• Kippingius, Henricus (d. 1678), “Antiq. Rom. de Exped. Mar.,” [5].
• See p. 32 of Moreri, L., “Grand Dictionnaire ...,” Vol. V.
• Kippis, Andrew, “Biographia Britannica”: London, 1793.
• Kirby, Thomas, “Analysis of electricity and fire ...,” 1777.
• Kircher, Athanasius (1601–1680), [5], [18], [53], [63], [120–121], [125], [130], [146], [160];
• “Ars magnetis ... prodigiosis effectibus magnetis,” 1631; “Magnes, sive de arte magnetica,” 1641, 1643, 1654; “Prælusiones magneticæ” (Pogg. I. 1259), 1645; “Magneticum naturæ regnum,” 1667. See pp. 32–33, 63 of Moreri, L., “Grand Dictionnaire ...,” Vol. V.
• Kirchhoff—Kirchoff—Gustav Robert (1824–1877), Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand (1821–1894), and Siemens, Ernst Werner (1816–1892), “Verhandlungen der Kgl. Preussischen Akademie ...”: Berlin, 1880. An important paper on lightning conductors.
• Kirchhoff—Kirchoff—Nicolaus Anton Johann (1725–1800), “Zarüstung, die Wirkung ...” (Gött. Mag., T. I. 1780, St. ii. pp. 322–326).
• Kirchmaier, Georg Caspar (1635–1700), “De fulmine et tonitru,” 1659; “De luce, igne ac perennibus lucernis”: Viteberg, 1676, 1677 (Miscell. Acad. Nat. Cur. 1677 and 1685, Pogg. I. 1261, 1676–1693).
• Kirchmaier, Sebastian, “De filis meteoricis ...”: Viteberg, 1666.
• Kirchmaier, Theodor, “De virgula divinatrice” (Pogg. I. 1262), 1678, [401]
• Kirchner, Carl (at Plotinus of Alexandria), [534]
• Kirkringius—Kirckring—Theodor “... spicilegium anatomicum,” [147]
• Kirkwood, Daniel, “Meteoric Astronomy,” 1867.
• Kirwan, Richard (1733–1812), [263] (Phil. Mag., XXXIV. 247, 1809).
• Kirwanian Society of Dublin, [418], [419]
• Kjobenhavn, “Nyt bibliothek fer physik ...,” [453], [455]
• Kjobenhavn, “Oversigt over det ... forhandlinger ...,” [453], [454]
• Klaproth, Julius (1783–1835), “Lettre à Mr. de Humboldt sur l’invention de la boussole”: Paris, 1834, [1], [3], [5], [22], [23], [24], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [33], [43], [54], [56], [61], [69], [72], [77], [115], [153]
• Klaproth, Martin Heinrich (1743–1817), [315];
• “Des masses pierreuses et métalliques tombées de l’atmosphère” (Mém. de l’Acad. R. de Berlin, for 1803; Gehlen, Jour. f. Chem. v. Physik, VIII. 1809).
• Klein, G., [284], [305], [326], [385] (Mém. de la Soc. de Haarlem, Vol. I.).
• Klein, S., “Dissertatio” (at Avicenna), [40]
• Kleist, E. C. von (at Plotinus of Alexandria), [534]
• Kleist, Ewald Georg von (d. 1748), inventor of the Leyden phial. [See note in Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 268, also Nos. 323 and 460 of the Catalogue of the Wheeler Gift, edited by Wm. D. Weaver. See likewise the [Cunæus] entry herein], [173–175]
• Klenke (at Humboldt, F. H. A., A.D. 1799), [335]
• Klindworth, J. A., [249]
• Klingenstierna—Klingensternia—Samuel, Swedish mathematician (1689–1765); “Dissertatio de electricitate,” 1740, 1742; “Tal om de naysta zön vid electriciteten,” 1755, [187]
• Klingenstierna, S., and Brande, W. T., “Dissertatio de magnetismo artificiale,” 1752.
• Klinkosch, Joseph Thaddäus (1734–1778), [274], [387]
• (“Mém. de l’Acad. de Prague,” III. 218).
• Kloerich, F. W., “Versuche über d. Wirkungen d. Magnets ...”: Göttingen, 1765, [246]
• Kluge, Karl Alexander Ferdinand, animal magnetism: Amsterdam, 1812 (in “Proeve eener voorstellung ...”).
• Klugel, Georg Simon (1739–1812), [326]
• Knight, Charles, Cyclopædia (1791–1873). See also [English Cyclopædia], [Imperial Cyclopædia], [Penny Cyclopædia], Mechanical Dictionary, [4], [11], [18], [27], [29], [31], [56], [57], [59], [66], [69], [148], [277], [284], [335], [397], [440], [446], [475]
• Knight, Gowin (1713–1772), [180], [190], [265], [272], [276] (Phil. Trans., XLIII. 161, 361; XLIV. 656).
• Knockenhauer, Karl Wilhelm (b. 1805), [476]
• (Sitzungsberichten d. Wien Acad. I. 1852; XV. 1855; XXVII. 1857), “Uber die gesetze des magnetismus nach Ampère’s theorie” (Poggendorff Annalen, XXXIV. 481).
• Knox, Dr. Robert (at Bancroft, E. N., A.D. 1769), [230]
• Koate, President of the London College of Surgeons, [304]
• Kobell, Franz von (b. 1803), “Die Galvanographie ...,” 1842, 1846 (Schweigg. Journ., LXIV. 1832; Gelehrt Anzeig d. Münch. Acad. 1834, 1843, 1850).
• Kœnen, Hendrik Jakob (at Grotius, Hugo), [518]
• Kœnio, H., “Fulminum theoria meteor ...,” 1631, [553]
• Koestlin—Koeslin—Carl Heinrich, “Examen ... effectus magnetis ...,” 1813, [243]
• Kohl, Fred. Georg (at Brugmans, Anton, A.D. 1778), [255]
• Kohl, Dr. Johann Georg, collection of early maps, [62], [63], [533], [562]
• Kohlrausch, R. H. (Pogg. Annal., LXXII. 1847 to XCVIII. 1856); “Theory of the electric residue in the Leyden Jar”: London, 1854.
• Kohlrausch, R. H., and Weber, Wm. Ed., 489; “Elektrodynamische Maasbestimmungen ...,” 1856.
• Kohlreif, G. A. (at Lavoisier, A. L., A.D. 1781), [262]
• “Kön. baïerische akademie der wissenschaften,” [383]
• “Kongl. svenska vetenskaps Academien,” Handlingar, Stockholm, p. [168], [453]
• Konversations-Lexikon. See [Brockhaus, Meyers], “Conversations.”
• Kopp, J. H., “Dissertatio ... causis combustionis spontaneæ in corpore humano pactæ,” 1800.
• Koten, J. H. van, “De galvanische stroom ...”: Amsterdam, 1856.
• Koupho, Chinese physicist, discourse on the loadstone, [23]
• Krafft, Georg Wolfgang (1701–1754), is the author of “Prælectiones in physicam theoreticam,” “Observationes meteorologicæ ...,” “De viribus attractionis magneticæ experimenta,” [140], [308], [554]
• Krafft, Wolfgang Ludwig (1743–1814), [141], [249], [257], [308], [402];
• “Tentamen theoriæ electrophori,” 1778 (Novi Comment. Acad. Petropol., XV. 586; XVII. 695; XIX. 610; Acta Petrop., 1778).
• Krais, J., translator of Lucanus’ “Pharsalia,” [140]
• Kramer, G. E., Über telegraphen—schreib apparate, 1851 (Dingler’s Polytech. Journ., CXIX. and CXXI. for 1851).
• Kramer, G. E., and Belli, Giuseppe, “Sulla produzione dell’ Ozono ...,” 1844, 1845.
• Kratzenstein, Christian Gottlieb (1723–1795), [170–172], [213];
• “Theoria electricit. more geometrico explicata”: Halle, 1746.
• Krayenhoff, Cornelius Rudolph Theodor van (1758–1840), and Van Troostwijk, A. P., “De l’appl. de l’électricité ...,” 1788, [385]
• Kreil, Karl (b. 1798), “Jahrbücher ... für Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus von Kreil,” “Magnetische und geographische ...,” 1846, 1855, 1862 (Sitzungsberichte d. Wien Acad., III. 1849; IV. 1850; VIII. and IX. 1852; XXXVI., No. 16).
• Kries, Friedrich Christian (1768–1849), “Von d. magnet. Erscheinungen,” 1827.
• Krische, August Bernhard (at Heraclides), [519]
• Kruger, Georg (at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), [308]
• Kruger, Johann Gottlob (1715–1759), [174];
• “Diss. de electricitatis Musschenbroekianæ ...,” 1756.
• Krunitz, Johann Georg (1728–1796), [298], [326], [385], [556];
• “Verzeichnis der vornehmsten schriften der electricität und den electrischen curen,” 1769.
• Krunitz—Kirtz—Johann Georg (1728–1796), [298], [385]
• Krziwaneck, J., “De electricitate ...,” 1839, [328]
• Ktesias. See [Ctesias].
• Kuhlmann, Quirinus (1652–1689), “Kircheriana de arte magna sciendi ...”: London, 1681.
• Kuhn (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), [386]
• Kuhn—Kuehn—Karl (1816–1869), “Handbuch der angewandten elektricitätslehre ...”: Leipzig, 1866, [264], [385], [413], [420]
• Kuhn—Kuehn—Karl Gottlob (1754–1840), “Traité de l’électricité,” 1771; “Die nuest. Entdeckungen ... elektricität ...,” 1796, 1797.
• Kung-foo-Whing is said to have invented a method of transmitting sound through wires by the thumthsein, A.D. 968, [28]
• Kupffer—Kupfer—Adolpte Theodor (b. 1799), “Annales de l’Observatoire physique central de l’empire de Russie ...,” 1850–1859.
• Kupffer—Kupfer—D., and Keferstein, W. (at Shaw, John, A.D. 1791), [300]

L

• La Beaume, Michael, “Du galvanisme”: Paris, 1828, [330], [385]
• “La Bible” of Guyot de Provins, [30]
• La Boissière, “Notice sur les travaux ...,” [10]
• Laborde, Jean Baptiste de (d. 1777), “Le clavecin électrique,” 1761, [555]
• La Caille (at Lambert, J. H., A.D. 1766–1776), [225]
• Lacépède, Bernard Germain Etienne de la Ville, Comte de (1756–1825), “Essai sur l’électricité naturelle et artificielle,” 2 Vols. 1781, [273], [556]
• Lachmann, M. (at Haüy, René, A.D. 1787), [288]
• La Condamine, Charles Marie de (1701–1774), [165]
• La Coste, Christophile de, [516]
• La Croix, Paul, “Science and literature of the middle ages,” [54], [540]
• Lacque, Du (at Milly, N. C. De Thy, A.D. 1771), [235]
• Lactantius, Lucius Cœlius Firmianus (died c. A.D. 325–326), “Divinarum Institutionum,” [523–525]
• Lacy, H. de, “Du galvanisme médical...,” 1849, [330]
• Laet, Jan de (1593–1640), “De gemmis et lapidibus,” 1647, [17]
• “La France littéraire, ou Dictionnaire Bibliographique des Savants,” par Joseph M. Quérard, [59]
• Lagos, Vincente Rodriguez de (sixteenth to seventeenth century), [69]
• La Grande Encyclopédie. See [Larousse, Pierre], also Berthelot, M. P. E.
• Lagrange, Joseph Louis, Comte de, Membre de l’Institut, F.R.S. (1736–1813), [116], [133], [224], [318], [409], [462].
• See Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, pp. 35–36.
• Lagrange, La Place, etc., “Rapport sur un nouveau télégraphe des citoyens Bréguet, L. F. C., et Bétancourt”: Paris, 1798.
• La Grave—Lagrave, [304], [419];
• “Expériences galvaniques...,” (Journal de Physique, an XI, pp. 159, 233, 472).
• La Hire, Philippe de, “...New sort of magnetical compass...,” (Phil. Trans. for 1687, p. 344), [141], [144], [145], [148], [268]
• Lalande—La Lande—Joseph Jérome le François de (1732–1807), [95], [233], [300], [301], [477]
• (Journal des Savants, Nov. 1792); “Abrégé de l’astronomie.”
• See [“Bibliographie Astronomique.”]
• “La Lumière Electrique,” publication commenced in Paris during 1879, [vii], [24], [140], [154], [199], [208], [224], [269], [361], [416], [422], [455], [470], [476], [481], [499]
• Lamanon, Robert de Paul, Chevalier de (1752–1787), [250]
• Lamartillière (at Aldini, G., A.D. 1793), [305]
• Lamballe. See [Jobert de Lamballe].
• Lambert, A. J. (at Chladni, E. F. F., A.D. 1794), [314]
• Lambert, Alexandre, “Historique de la télégraphie ... ses systèmes divers”: Paris, 1862.
• Lambert, Johann Heinrich (1728–1777), [156], [220], [224–225], [309], [315], [444]
• Lambeth Palace, [329]
• Lamé, Gabriel (b. 1795), “Cours de physique de l’Ecole Polytechnique,” 2 Vols. 1837, [195]
• La Méthérie, Jean Claude de (1743–1817), [261], [270], [281–282], [299], [303], [435]
• (Journal de Physique, XLII. 252; LIII. and LIV.; Annali di Chim. di Brugnatelli, XIX. 156, 1802).
• Lamirault, H., et Cie., [14], [80]
• Lamont, Johann (1805–1879), [71], [233], [275];
• “Handbuch des magnetismus” (Allgem. Encyclop. der Physik, XV. 1867); “Annalen für meteorologie ...”: Munchen, 1842; “Magnetismus der erde”: Berlin, 1846.
• Lamotte-Fouqué, Frederic Henri Charles, Baron de (1777–1843), [75]
• Lampadius, Wilhelm August (1772–1842), “Versuche und Beobachtungen über die elektricität ...,” 1793, 1804.
• “Lamp of Life,” [104]
• Lamy, François (1636–1711), “Conjectures physiques ...,” 1689.
• Lana-Lanis—Franciscus de—Lana Terzi—Pertius de Lanis (1631–1687), [53], [110], [554].
• See p. 718, Cates’ Dictionary.
• “La Nature,” [171], [260]
• “Lancet,” [97]
• Lancetti, Vincenzio, “Biographia Cremonese”: Milano, 1819–1822, [71]
• Landnama-Bok—Landnamabok, [28]
• Lando. See [Mongiardini].
• Landriani, G. B., “Nova electricitatis theoria ...,” 1755, [555]
• Landriani, Marsiglio (d. 1816 ...), [278], [284];
• “On an improved electrophorus” (Scelta d’Opuscoli, 12 mo., XIX. 73, 1776); (Mayer’s Samml. “Phys. Aufsäge der Gesellsch. Böhmischer Naturf,” III.) Letters from Van Marum in 1789 and 1791.
• Lane, Timothy (1734–1807), [228], [282];
• “On the magnetic attraction of oxides of iron” (Phil. Mag., XXIII. 253); Description of Mr. Lane’s electrometer (Phil. Trans., LVII. 451, 1768).
• Lang, Andrew, “Sagas of the Kings of Norway,” [115]
• Lang, Victor von (Sitzungb. Wien. Acad., XXXI. No. 18, 1858; LIX. 1869).
• Langbein, Dr. Geo., “A complete treatise on the electro-deposition of metals,” [24]
• Langenbucher, Jacob (at Gay-Lussac, J. L., A.D. 1804), [389]
• Langius, Joannes, “Epistolorum medicinalium,” 1589, [17], [27], [82]
• Langworthy, Charles Cunningham, “View of the Perkinian electricity,” 1798, [328]
• Lanis, P. Francisci Tertii de, [53], [110]
• La Pérouse—Jean François de Galaup, Comte de (b. 1741), [249]
• La Péyrouse—Pérouse—Philippe (1744–1818), “Description d’un météore ...” (Toulouse Academy, 1^ere Série IV. 189, 1790), [250]
• Lapide Bononiensi: Mentzel, Chn., 1673; Montalbani, Ovido, 1634; Licetus, 1640; Mentzel, [554]
• Lapis electricus of Linnæus, [13], [153]
• Lapis fulminaris, [218]
• Lapis heracleus, [15]
• Lapis herculaneus, [15]
• Lapis lyncurius, [13], [218]
• La Place, Capt. Cyrille Pierre Théodore (b. 1793), [462]
• La Place, Pierre Simon, Marquis de (1749–1827), [96], [141], [247], [261], [262], [318], [344], [349], [377], [378], [386], [409], [416], [426], [459], [460–462], [463], [475], [480].
• See Wundt, Wilhelm, “Philosophische Studien,” Index, pp. 35–36.
• La Place, P. S., and Lavoisier, A. L. (Mémoires de Paris for 1781), [462]
• Larcher, Cassius, Daubancourt, and Zanetti, F. M., [306] (Ann. de Chim., XLV. 195).
• Lardner, Dionysius (1793–1859), “Manual of electricity ...”; “Handbooks of Electricity, etc.”; “Lectures on Science and Art”; Cabinet Library, 12 Vols.; Cabinet Cyclopædia, 134 Vols., [8], [10], [80], [115], [138], [157], [207], [227], [336], [339], [347], [379], [390], [392], [417], [455], [473], [476]
• Lardner, Nathaniel (1684–1768), “Credibility of the gospel history ...,” [25]
• La Rive, Auguste Arthur De (b. 1801), “Recherches sur la cause de l’électricité ...”; “Essai historique”; “Traité d’électricité ...”; “A treatise on electricity ...,” 1853, 1856, 1858; “Archives de l’électricité; supplément à la Bibliothèque Universelle De Genève” (Ann. de Chimie, XXXVII. 225, 1828; Phil. Mag. or Annals, III. 151, also the Quarterly Journal, XXXV. 161, 1828; Phil. Trans, for 1847; pt. [1], [10], [107], [139], [140], [185], [259], [263], [292], [300], [305], [308], [321], [330], [347], [352], [359], [365], [384], [385], [387], [391], [406], [407], [418], [420], [434], [441], [454], [472], [473], [476], [491], [495]
• La Rive and Marcet (Geneva, Soc. de Phys., VI. 503, 1833).
• Larousse, Pierre Athanase (1817–1875), “Grand Dictionnaire Universel du XIX^e siècle ... Biographie, etc.”; “Revue Encyclopédique,” [2], [10], [21], [38], [41], [45], [64], [65], [68], [69], [80], [81], [91], [94], [97], [98], [103], [105], [106], [107], [109], [114], [117], [120], [121], [122], [127], [128], [130], [132], [148], [149], [158], [190], [253], [255], [259], [282], [286], [288], [289], [294], [295], [296], [306], [324], [350], [353], [359], [361], [367], [376], [383], [385], [386], [387], [402], [408], [409], [414], [420], [424], [428], [456], [464], [471], [483], [498], [501], [502], [505], [507], [508], [509], [510], [511], [512], [513], [514], [515], [516], [517], [519], [520], [521], [525], [526], [527], [529], [531], [532], [533], [534], [536], [538], [539], [540]
• Larousse, Pierre, “La Grande Encyclopédie,” 31 Vols. 1886–1903; “Le Nouveau Larousse” (Claude Augé), [1], [2], [14], [20], [31], [33], [34], [38], [39], [41], [44], [79], [80], [81], [91], [94], [97], [117], [122], [141], [148], [166], [170], [196], [208], [211], [236], [259], [262], [264], [370], [400], [434], [506], [509], [511], [513], [516], [517], [518], [519], [520], [521], [526], [528], [530], [531], [532], [540]
• Larrey, Dominique Jean, Baron de (1776–1842) (Acad. des Sciences, XVIII. 417).
• Larrey, Felix Hippolyte, Baron de (1810–1852), [284]
• La Rue, W. de, “On the structure of electro-precipitated metals” (Journal of the Chemical Society, article CXXX. p. 300).
• Las Casas, Barthélémy de (1474–1566), [66]
• Lassell, J. and C. (at Humboldt, Alex von), [335]
• Lassone, Jean Joseph Marie François de, [263], [385] (Recueil sur l’électricité medicale, I. 245, 1763).
• Lasthenia, one of the most distinguished disciples of Plato (born c. 420 B.C.), [543]
• Latini, Brunetto (1230–1294), “Les livres dou Trésor,” XIX.; “Il Tesoro,” 1474. Ronalds says it “contains one of the oldest documents on the knowledge in Europe of the compass.”
• Laugier, André (1770–1832), on meteoric stones (Phil. Mag., XXVI. II; LVI. 157; Annales de Ch., LVIII. 261; Ann. de Ch. et de Phys., XIII. 441).
• Laurencin, Paul, “Le Télégraphe,” [12], [264]
• Lausanne, Mémoires de la Société Physique de Lausanne, [91], [293]
• Lautz, G. (at Lynschoten, J. H. van), [526]
• Laverine (at Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799) (Opusc. Scelti, XXII. 132, 1803), [330]
• Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743–1794), [236], [261–262], [263], [297], [355], [386], [416], [426], [429], [461], [462];
• “Opuscules physiques et chimiques,” 1774, 1801.
• See La Place, P. S., “Traité élémentaire de chimie ... dans un ordre nouveau ...,” 2 Vols. 1789, 1801.
• Law, Alexander (at A.D. 1808), [400]
• Law, Dr. (at A.D. 1675), [133]
• Lawrence, R. M., [330], [386], “On the application of electricity ...,” 1853; “Galvanism, its medical application and uses,” 1857.
• Lawrence, Sir Edwin Durning, [xii]
• Leader, John Temple (at Kendall, A.), [523]
• Lebailif—Lebaillif (at Faraday, Michael, A.D., 1821), [494]
• Le Bas. See Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de la France.
• Le Blanc, Richard (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803, and at Cardanus, H.), [385], [507]
• Le Bouvier-Desmortiers, Urbain René Thomas (1739–1827), [410].
• See [Desmortiers].
• Le Breton, “Histoire” (at St. Elmo, A.D. 304), [24], [229]
• Le Breton, Mme. J., “Hist. et Appl. de l’électricité,” 1884, [268], [454]
• Le Brun (at Journal des Savants), [551]
• Le Brun, Pierre (1661–1729), [148], [401]
• Le Cat, Claude Nicolas (1700–1768), “Mémoire sur l’électricité,” 1746, [128], [178]
• Lechman, M. (1707–1778), on the tourmaline (at Æpinus, F. M. U. T., A.D. 1759), [218], [287]
• Leclerc, Jean Georges Louis, Comte de Buffon (1707–1788), “Histoire naturelle,” 127 Vols.; “Histoire des Minéraux,” 5 Vols.; “Théorie de la Terre,” [1], [7], [30], [33], [37], [55], [60], [61], [161], [200], [218], [259], [299], [320], [332], [359]
• Leclerc, Lucien, “Histoire de la médecine arabe,” [541]
• Lecluse—Lescluse—Charles de (1524–1609).
• Le Comus. See [Le Dru].
• “Le Cosmos,” Paris, [57], [115], [134], [140], [209], [264], [302], [365], [401], [440]
• “Le Courrier du Livre,” [32]
• Lectures on Electricity. See [Sturgeon, William].
• Le Dru, Nicholas Philippe—called Le Comus, Le Camus, also Cosnier (1731–1807), [224], [229], [235], [385];
• Cosnier (Le Dru), Maloet, Darcet and others are named in report made in Paris during 1783.
• Lee, Sidney. See [“Dictionary of National Biography.”]
• Leeson, “Experiments ... electro-chemical decomposition of water ...” (Ann. of Elect., IV. 238), [337]
• Lefevre-Gineau, Louis (1751–1829), [389]
• Lefroy, J. H. (at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), [308] (Phil. Mag., 3rd Series, XXXVI. 457, 1850).
• Lefroy, J. H., and Richardson, Sir John, “Magnetical and Meteorological Observations ...”
• “Le Globe,” [412]
• Le Grave (at Jadelot, J. F. N., A.D. 1799), [330]
• Legros and Onimus (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), [386]
• Le Hardy, Major Charles, [399]
• Lehmann, Johann Gottlob (d. 1767), “Abhandlung von Phosphoris,” “Von magnet Theilen im Sande” (Mém. de la Soc. de Haarlem, XI. Pt. I. 1769), [273]
• Lehmann, Otto, of Karlsruhe, “Die elektrischen lichterscheinungen ...”
• Lehot, C. J., “Observations sur le galvanisme et le magnétisme” (Jour. de Phys., an 9, LII. 135, 1801), [270], [348], [355], [419]
• Lehre von der Electricität. See [Wiedemann, Gustav].
• Lehre von Galvanismus und Electro-Magnetismus. See [Wiedemann, Gustav].
• Lehrbuch der Allgemeine Chemie. See [Ostwald, F. W.]
• Lehrbuch der Chemie, 5 Vols. Leipzig, 1848. See [Berzelius, J. J. F. von.]
• Lehrbuch der Komischen Physik. See [Muller, J. H. J.]
• Lehrbuch der Meteorologie. See [Kaemtz, L. F.]
• Lehrbuch der Physik und Meteorologie. See [Müller-Pouillet].
• Lehrbuch der Physik zum Gebrauche: Mannheim, 1836. See [Eisenlohr, W.]
• Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Mens Körpers: Erlangen, [312]
• Leibnitz—Leibniz—Gottfried Wilhelm von (1646–1716), [147], [152]
• Leidenfrost, Ludwig Christoph, “... Miscellanea experimenta circa electricitatem,” 1781.
• Leipzig—Lipsiæ—“Acta Eruditorum ...,” “Indices generales ...,” 117 Vols., [306]
• Leipzig, “Allgemeines Magazin der Natur-Kunst und Wissenschaft.”
• Leipzig, “Commentarii de rebus in scientia naturali et medicina gestis,” von C. G. Ludwig, 37 Vols. Lipsiæ, 1752–1798, [130], [285]
• Leipzig Society. “Abhandlungen ... Wissenschaften.”
• Leipzig University, [162]
• Leitch, John, “Hieroglyphic Essays and Correspondence,” [396]
• Leithead, William, “Electricity; its nature, operation ...,” 1837, [29], [129], [135], [149], [153], [240], [241], [376], [383], [443]
• Leland—Leyland—John (1506–1552), [42]
• Lelandri, Contessi G. (Ann. Reg. Lomb. Veneto), [347]
• Lelewell, Joachim. See Géographie de Moyen-Âge, [62]
• Lelong, Le P. Jacques, “Bibliotheca sacra,” 1709, [538]
• Le Lorrain de Vallemont. See [Vallemont].
• Lemaire—Le Maire (Mém. Acad. de Paris, 1745, 1750), [190]
• Leméry, Louis (1667–1743), exhibits the tourmaline—lapis electricus, [153], [218], [442], [465]
• Leméry, Nicholas (at Leméry, Louis, A.D. 1717), [153]
• Lemoine—Moreau. See [Dureau].
• “Le Moniteur,” [359], [380]
• “Le Moniteur Scientifique.” See [Quesneville, Dr. G. A.]
• Lemnius—Lemmeus—Lieven—Levinus (1505–1568), “De miraculis occultis naturæ ...,” first edition, Antwerpiæ, 1559 (“The Secret miracles of nature,” wherein he described the mariner’s compass), [5], [87], [538], [553]
• Lemonnier—Le Monnier—Louis Guillaume (Mém. de Paris, 1746, 1752; Philos. Trans. for 1746, p. 290).
• Lemonnier—Le Monnier—Pierre Claude Charles (1715–1799), “Lois du magnétisme ... dans les différentes parties du globe terrestre ...”: Paris, 1776–1778, [176], [177–178], [200], [232], [320] (Mém. de Paris, 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774, 1777–1779).
• Le Monnier, according to Brit. Museum Catalogue; Nouvelle Biographie Générale, 1859, XXX. 621; Poggendorff Handwörterbuch.
• Lemonnier, according to Encycl. Britannica, 1911, XVI. 416; Biographie Universelle, XXIV. 95–97; New Intern. Encycl., 1915, XIII. 765; Dict. of Gen. Biogr., 1881, p. 744.
• Not mentioned in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, 1883, Band 18, 1906, Band 51, or in either Meyer’s or Brockhaus’ Konversations-Lexikon.
• Lemoyne des Essarts, Nicholas Toussaint, “Siècles Littéraires,” [190]
• Lemprière, John (b. 1824), English author, “Bibliotheca Classica,” 1788, [518]
• Lemström, K. S., Professor at Helsingfors. See [Lenström].
• Lenain de Tillemont. See [Tillemont].
• Lenglet du Fresnoy, Nicole (1674–1755), “Methode ...,” 1772, Vol. XIV. contains an outline of the history of science and art.
• Lenoble—Le Noble—Mr. L’Abbé, Chanoine de la Collégiale de Vernon sur Seine en Normandie, “Aimants artificiels d’une très grande force” (Mém. de Paris, 1772, Hist., p. 17), [26], [253].
• See [Thouret], also Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 296.
• “Le Nouveau Larousse illustré,” par Claude Augé, 7 Vols. 1901–1904.
• Lenström, Selim (at Aurora Borealis), [139], [179], [180]
• Lenz, Heinrich Friedrich Emil (1804–1865), [423]
• (Mém. et Bull. de l’Acad. de St. Petersb., 1831, 1836–1839, 1844–1858; Pogg. Ann., XXXI. for 1834, XXXIV. for 1835).
• Lenz, R. (Mém. et Bull. de l’Acad. de St. Petersb., 1862, 1866).
• Leonardus, Camillus (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), [17], [26], [57], [73], [82];
• “Speculum lapidum,” 1502, 1516 (“The mirror of stones,” 1750).
• See Græsse, “Trésor de livres ...,” Vol. IV. p. 165.
• Leopold of Tuscany, [96]
• Leopoldino-Carolino. See [Breslau].
• Leotaud—Leotaudus, Leotandus—Vincent (1595–1672), [120], [160], [554];
• “R. P. Vincentii Leotaudi ... magnetologia ... magnetis philosophia,” 1668.
• Leprince—Le Prince, “Nouvelle théorie de l’aurore boréale ...,” 1817, [308]
• Le Roi—Le Roy—and D’Arcy, [177]
• Le Roux de Lincy, [34]
• Leroux—Le Roux—François Pierre, “Etudes sur les machines electro-magnétiques ...” (Ann. de Chim. et Phys., Ser. IV. Vol. X. pp. 201–291). Deals with the Peltier and Thomson effects.
• Le Roy—Le Roi—Jean Baptiste (d. 1800), [177], [198], [208], [240], [273], [302], [303], [320]
• Lesage—Le Sage—Georges Louis, Jr. (1724–1803), “Traité de Physique ...,” [209], [241–242], [255]
• Lesage—Le Sage—Georges Louis, Sr. (1676–1759), “Des corps terrestres et des météores,” [242]
• Leslie, Sir John (1766–1832), [134], [192], [225], [295–296], [315], [440], [479], [498];
• “Observations on electrical theories,” 1824.
• See [Rumford Medal]. “Treatises on natural philosophy ...” (Phil. Mag., XLII. 44, 1813).
• “Les Mondes,” [248], [365]. See [Moigno].
• Le télégraphe. See [Laurencin, Paul].
• Letheby, H., “An account ... gymnotus electricus ...,” 1842, [299]
• Letronne, Jean Antoine, “Mém. de l’Acad. des Inscriptions,” [533]
• Leucippus, Greek philosopher, disciple of Zeno (fl. fifth century B.C.), [512], [543]
• Leupold, electrical machine, [150]
• Leurechon, Jean, French poet (1591–1670). See [Van Etten].
• Leuwenhoeck, Anthony van (Phil. Trans., XIX. for 1695–1697, p. 512), [245], [246]
• Levasseur (mentioned at Agrippa, H. C.), [502]
• Lewes, George Henry, “History of philosophy from Thales to Comte,” [534]
• Lewis, Meriwether, on the zodiacal light, [141]
• Lexell, Anders Johann (1740–1784).
• Leyden Jar discovered by E. G. von Kleist, Nov. 4, 1745, [173]
• Leyden Jar principle employed by Bozolus for transmitting intelligence, [226]
• Leyden University, [169], [518]
• Leyes de las Partidas. See [Alfonso el IX].
• Leymarie, Alex. (1732–1796) “Une nouvelle ... tourmaline,” 1850 (Toulouse Acad. 3^e Série), [287–288]
• Liais, E., “Pendule electro-magnétique” (Mém. de la Soc. de Cherbourg, II. 294, IV. 205).
• Libanius, Greek Sophist (A.D. 314–393).
• See Nouv. Biogr. de Hœfer, 1860, XXI. 110–113.
• Libavius, Andreas (1560–1616), [124]; “Alchymia ... medico physico chemico,” 1606.
• Libes, Antoine (1752–1832), [131], [277], [353];
• “Théorie de l’électricité ...”; “Histoire philosophique des progrès de la physique”; “Traité élémentaire de physique” (electricity by pressure); “Dictionnaire de physique.”
• Library of American Biography. See [Jared Sparks].
• Library of Literary Criticism. See [Moulton, Ch. W.]
• Library of Useful Knowledge, [103], [204], [219], [220], [226], [228], [256], [264], [278], [280], [282], [287], [290], [380], [423], [431], [455], [458], [460], [467], [471], [475], [476], [481], [498]
• “Library, The,” [122]
• Libri Carrucci dalla Sommaia (Guglielmo Bruto Icilio Timoleone) (1803–1869), “Histoire des sciences mathématiques en Italie depuis la renaissance des lettres jusqu’à la fin du 17^e siècle,” 4 Vols. 1835, 1838–1848, 1865; “Catalogues ...”; Nouvelle Biogr. Gén. V. 922; [16], [23], [30], [33], [35], [43], [44], [45], [53], [55], [57], [61], [64], [66], [75], [97], [106], [110], [114], [116], [117], [126], [140], [299], [506], [510], [515], [522], [524], [525], [527], [531]
• Liceti, Fortunio (1577–1657).
• Licetus, Fortunatus (1577–1657), “Litheosphorus ... lapide Bononiensi lucern ...,” 1640.
• Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph (1744–1799). Discovered the double electrophorus, as explained in his “De novo methodo ...”: Göttingen, 1779; “An Dr. Exleben ...” (Gött. Mag., J. i., S. ii. 216–220, 1780), [250]
• Lichtenberg, Ludwig Christian (1738–1812).
• Lichtenberg, L. C., and Michaelis, G. A., concerning Solomon’s temple, [10]
• Lichtenberg, L. C., and Voigt, J. H. (1751–1823), “Magazin für das neueste aus der Physik ...,” [249], [256], [257], [280], [313], [316], [431], [449]
• Lieberkuhn—Lieberkyn—Dr. Johann Nathaniel, of the Berlin Academy (1711–1756), makes known Kleist’s discovery of the Leyden Jar, [173], [174]
• Liebig, J., and Kopp, J. H., “Jahresbericht über ... chemie, physik, etc.”
• Liebig, Justus—Justin—Freiherr von, [491], [494]
• (Poggendorff, J. C., “Handwörterbuch,” pp. 1455–1460); “Handwörterbuch der ... chemie, von Liebig, Poggendorff, Wöhler, etc.”; “Annalen der pharmacie....”
• Lientandi, “Magnetologia”: Lugdini Bat., 1668.
• Light, finite velocity of, discovered by Rœmer, Olaus, [157]
• Lightning and thunder attracted and directed by the ancients, [9], [294]
• Lightning and thunder inoculated into clouds by bombs, [368]
• Lightning, many sources recognised by Etruscans and Romans, [9]
• Lightning-rod Conference, Report of, [198], [199]
• Lightning rods on ancient temples, 600 B.C., [9]
• Liliencron, Rochus, [34]
• Lilliehöök, C. B., “Voyages ... in Scandinavia,” 1842, [139]
• Linari-Santi, P. (1777–1858), [298], [337];
• “Sur les propriétés électriques ... de la torpille”: Genève, 1837–1838; “Sull elettricità animale”: Napoli, 1843 (Bibl. Univ., 1837–1838; Fusinieri, Ann. Sc. R. Lomb.-Veneto, 1839; Bibl. Ital., Vol. XCII. 258; Rendiconto dell’ Acad. di Napoli, II. 1843).
• Linari-Santi, P., and Guili, G. (Ann. del Reg. Lomb.-Veneto, IX. 200, 1839).
• Linari-Santi, P., and Palmieri, Luigi (Rendiconto dell’ Acad, di Napoli, III. 1844).
• Linck, Johann Wilhelm (1760–1805), “De raga torpedine,” 1788, [298]
• Lincy, Le Roux de, and Tisserand, L. M., [34]
• Lind, James (d. 1794), [331]
• Linden, Joannes Antonides van der, “De Scriptio Medicis,” [26], [508], [513], [517], [531]
• Line of no magnetic variation. See [Columbus, Christopher], [65]
• Linguet, Simon Henri Nicholas (1736–1794), “Mémoire ... moyen d’établir des signaux par la lumière,” 1782, [265]
• Lining, Dr. John, [196], [320] (“Mém. de Paris,” 1755).
• Linnæus—Linné—Carl von (1707–1778), “Flora Zeylanica” (on the tourmaline), 1747; (K. Schwed. Akad. Abh., XXIV. 291; VI. 93; VIII. 61; Acta Holminensio, XXIV. 292, 1762), [13], [153], [192], [288], [297], [385], [450], [451], [456]
• Linnean Society of New England, Transactions, [298]
• Linnstrom, H., “Schwedisches Bücher-Lexikon,” 1830–1865.
• Lion, Moise, “Electricité statique, Histoire et recherches nouvelles”: Paris, 1868.
• Lipenius, Martinus, “Navigatio Salomonis Ophiritica illustrata,” 1660, [33], [73], [87]
• Lippincott, Joshua Ballinger (1816–1886), “General Biographical Dictionary,” [470]
• Lisbon Academy, “Memorias da Acad. Real das Sciencas da Lisboa,” 12 Vols.
• Lisieux College, [254]
• Lister, Dr. Martin (1638–1712), “Collection Académique,” [204], [288], [402], [548]
• Li-tchi-tchin, celebrated Chinese naturalist, [77]
• Literary and Philosophical Society, Manchester. See [Manchester].
• Literary Digest, [57]
• Literary Gazette, [412]
• Littré and Sainte Beuve, [476]
• Littré, M. E. (at Ampère, A. M., A.D. 1820), [476]
• “Living Authors” (at Gregory, George, A.D. 1796), [324]
• Livio Sanuto (fl. sixteenth century A.D.), “Geografia ... della bussola e dell’ Aguglia ...,” 1588, [65], [69], [114], [115]
• Livy. See [Titus Livius] (Phil. Trans., XLVIII., Pt. 1, p. 211).
• Lloyd, Humphrey (b. 1800), [28], [138];
• “A treatise on magnetism,”: London, 1874; “Remarks on the theory of the compound magnetic needle”; “Account of the Induction Inclinometer ...” (Trans. Royal Irish Acad., XVII. 1836; XIX, 1840 and 1841; XXI. 1843; XXII. 1849; XXIV. 1862; Proceedings Royal Irish Acad., 1848, 1850, 1853, 1861, 1862).
• Lloyd, Sabine, and Ross, “Observations ... terrestrial magnetic force in Ireland” (Report of the British Association for 1835).
• Loadstone. See [Lodestone].
• Lobe, W., “De vi corporum electrica,” 1743, [555]
• Lobb, Harry (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), [386];
• “A popular treatise on curative electricity ...,” 1867.
• Locke, John (1792–1856), works of (at Kendall, Abram), [522] (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., VI. 1839).
• Locrian, The, [8]
• Loder, M. Juste Chrétien de (1753–1832), (at Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), [326], [333]
• Lodestone’s lifting power, [134], [159]
• Lodestone—Loadstone—first discovered at Magnesia in Lydia, [146].
• See [Magnet, Magnes]. Its use in antiquity for directive purposes.
• See Ferguson, also Barrow, Sir John, “Voyage en Chine,” 1805.
• Lodestone, magnet, armed, [86], [100]
• Lodestones, different descriptions of, [13];
• virtue of (Earl of Abercorn), [554]
• Lodge, Sir Oliver, “Pioneers of Science,” [462].
• See [Rumford Medal].
• Lofft, Capel (Phil. Mag., LI. 109, 203, 1818), [314]
• Logan (Phil. Trans., 1735), [195]
• Lohier fils, “Globules lumineux,” 1746, [555]
• Lohmeir, P., “De fulmine,” 1676 (Pogg., I. 1491).
• Lo-Luz—Lo-Looz—Robert de, “Recherches ... pour prouver le magnétisme universel,” 1788.
• Lombardi, Antonio (b. 1768), “Storia della letteratura Italiana ...,” 6 Vols. (Mem. Soc. Ital., Vol. XX.), [330]
• Lombardo-Veneto (Venetian Lombardy Imperial Royal Institution).
• See [Istituto], [Lombardy], [Fusinieri], Giuli.
• Lombardus, Petrus—Peter Lombard—Bishop of Lyons (fl. twelfth century A.D.), “Sententiarum, Libri IIII.,” [41].
• See [Joannes ab Incarnatione].
• Lombardy—Lombardo-Veneto, “Giornale dell’ I.R. Istituto Lombardo di scienze, lettere ed arti, e Biblioteca Italiana,” 25 Vols.: Milano, 1841–1856, is the suite of the “Biblioteca Italiana,” which ran from 1816 to 1840. Memorie—also Atti—dell’ I.R. Istituto Lombardo di scienze, lettere ed arti, 1843–1848.
• Lomond—Lomont—Claude Jean Baptiste (1749–1830), [285]
• Lomonosow—Remonozow—Michael Wassiljewitsch (1711–1765), [204]
• Lomonosow—Remonozow and Grischow, A. N. (1726–1760), “Orationes de meteoris electricis explicationes ...,” 1755.
• London and Edinburgh Phil. Mag. and Journal of Science.
• See [Philosophical Magazine].
• London Chemical Society, [394]
• London College of Surgeons, [178], [304]
• London, Edinburgh and Dublin Phil. Mag. and Journ. of Sc.
• See [Philosophical Magazine].
• London Electrical Society, [468]
• London Encyclopædia, 22 Vols. 1839.
• London Geological Society, [359], [371]
• London, Guy’s Hospital, [443]
• London Institution, [371], [372], [458]
• London Mechanics’ Register. See [New London].
• London Mining Journal, [498]
• London, Royal Astronomical Society, [433], [462]
• London, Royal Society. See [Royal Society, London].
• London. See [Journal of the Society of Arts], Nicholson’s “Journal of Nat. Phil ...,” “Phil. Magazine ...,” “Electrical Society,” “Royal Society,” “Royal Institution,” “Pharmaceutical Journal.”
• London University, [498]
• Long’s expedition to the Rocky Mountains, [259]
• Longfellow, Henry W., “Golden Legend,” “Evangeline,” [24], [260]
• Longinus, Cæsar, “Trinium magicum ...,” 1630, [553]
• Lonicerus, Janus—Lonicer, Joannes, [26], [553];
• “Compendium de meteoris ex Aristotelo, Plinio et Pontano,” 1548; “In Dioscoridæ Anazarbei de re medica ...”
• Lonmyer, C. See [Loumeyer, C.]
• Loomis, Elias, Observations on magnetic dip—intensity—“The aurora borealis” (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., New Series, VII. 1841, VIII. 1843, IX. 1846; Phil. Mag. for Nov. 1847), [140]
• Lopez de Gomara, Francisco, [211]
• Lor, M. de, [195], [200], [320], [416] (De Lor and Dalibard’s experiments, Ronalds’ Catalogue, p. 123).
• Lorenzini, Stephani (at Shaw, George, A.D. 1791), [298]
• Lorgna, Antonio Maria (1736–1796), [253]
• (Opus. Scelti, IV. 235, 1781); “Lettera (al Toaldo) sur Parafulmini.”
• Lorimer, Dr. John (1732–1795), “Essay on magnetism,” 1795, [30], [243], [281] (Phil. Trans., 1775).
• Loritus, Henricus de Glaris—Gareanus, [535], [536]
• Lorraine, Duke of, [160]
• Lottin, Victor Charles (1795–1858), [139];
• “Sur les aurores boréales” (Ann. Maritim, LIX. 1839).
• Louis, Antoine (1723–1792), “Observations sur l’électricité ...,” 1747, [186]
• Louis IX, King of France, [56];
• Louis XI, [538];
• Louis XIII, [107];
• Louis XIV, [130];
• Louis XV., [229]
• Louise de Savoy, [502]
• Loumeyer, C. (at Montanus, Arias Benedictus), [528]
• Lous, Christian Karl (1724–1804), “Tentamina experimentorum ...”: Copenhagen, 1773
• Louvre, Catalogue of manuscripts, [14]
• Lovejoy, B. G. (at Bacon, Sir Francis, A.D. 1620), [102]
• Lovering, Prof. Joseph, [498]
• Lovett—Lovet—Richard (1692–1780), “Subtil—Subtile—Medium Proved,” [133], [212–213], [229], [269]
• Lowenörn (at Aurora Borealis), [139];
• “Uber den magnet ...,” 1802
• Lower (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine, A.D. 1803), [385]
• Löwig, C. von, “Repertorium für organische chemie”: Zurich.
• Lowndes, F., “Observations on medical electricity ...,” 1787, [385]
• Lowndes, William Thomas, “Bibliographer’s Manual of English Literature,” 4 Vols. 1834, [547], [548]
• Lowthorp, John. See [Royal Society].
• Loxodromes, [509]
• Lozeran du Fech, Louis Antoine (d. 1755), “Observation d’un phénomène céleste,” 1730 (“Mémoire de Trevoux” for 1730, 1732).
• Luc, Jean André de—Deluc (1727–1817), [176], [249], [364], [388], [405], [417], [418], [419], [420], [428], [433], [434], [438], [440], [447];
• “Traité élémentaire sur le fluide electrico-galvanique,” 2 Vols. 1804 (Phil. Mag., XLIV. 248, XLV. 97, 329, L. 392). One of his dry piles rings bells for over forty years, [405]
• Lucanus (A.D. 39–65), Marcus Annæus, “Pharsalia,” [140]
• Lucchesini, Signorè Marchese (at Walsh, John, A.D. 1773), [240]
• Lucretius, Titus Carus (99–56 B.C.), “De rerum natura” (The nature of things), [7], [14], [19], [21], [33], [73], [524], [544]
• Luderus, G., “De methodis ... declin. ... magnetis ...,” 1718, [554]
• Lüdicke—Ludecke—August Friedrich (1748–1822) (Gilbert Annalen, IX. 1801 and 1802; L. 1815, LXVIII. 1821).
• Ludolff—Leudolff—Christian Friedrich (1707–1763), [170], [200], [320]
• (Mém. Acad. Roy. Berlin, 1744), [320]
• Ludwig, Christian Friedrich, “Scriptores ... minores ...,”: Lipsiæ, 1791–1795, [304], [327], [332]
• Ludwig, Christian Gottlieb. See Leipzig.
• Ludwig, Christian Theophile (1709–1773).
• Lughi (at Pearson, George, A.D. 1797), [326]
• Lullin, Amédæ—Amadeus (1695–1756), “Dissertatio physica de electricitate ...,” 1776, [226], [271]
• Lully—Lull—Raymundius Lullius (c. A.D. 1254–1315), [31–33], [505]
• Luloffs, Johannes (1711–1768) (at Dalton, John, A.D. 1793), [308];
• “De aurora boreali ...,” 1731.
• “Lumière Electrique.” See [“La Lumière Electrique.”]
• Lunar diurnal magnetic variation, [267]
• Lunar volcanoes, [462]
• Lund and Muschmann, [446]
• Lundborg, J. M., “De electricitate atmospheræ,” 1791.
• Lusitanus, Amatus, Joan Roderigo Amato (1511–1568), [27], [525], [528]
• Lusson, F., “Les origines de l’électricité”: La Rochelle, 1882.
• Luther and Grotius, [519]
• Luther, Martin (1483–1546), [508]
• Lyly, John (c. 1554–1606), “Euphues,” [16]
• Lyncurium. See [Lapis], [8], [13], [15], [17], [176].
• See also Watson, Wm., 1759 (Phil. Trans., LI. 1759) and Napione, C. A. Q., 1795.
• Lynschoten, Jan Huygan van (1563–1611), [525]
• Lyon, Rev. John (at Adams, George, A.D. 1785), [281]
• Lyons—Lyon (Lugduni), Academy of Sciences; Comptes Rendus, Historie, Mémoires, etc., [337];
• Histoire de l’Acad. Royale des Sciences ... de Lyon, par T. B. Dumas, 1839.
• Lyons—Lyon—College of, [163]
• Lyons—Lyon—Congrès scientifique. See Pétetin, J. H. D.
• Lyons—Lyon—Société d’Etudes Scientifiques, Bulletin, etc.: Lyon, 1874, etc.
• Lyons, T. A., Electro-magnetic phenomena, [54], [56]

M

• MacAdie, Alexander (at Electricity of the Atmosphere), [319]
• Macaire, J. F. (at Alexander Tilloch), [392]
• Macaulay, Thomas Babington (1800–1859), “Essays,” [99], [102], [132]
• MacCrindle, author of “Ancient India,” as described by Ktesias, [10]
• MacCulloch, “Traités ... boussole”: Paris, 1853, [61]
• Macdonald, Lieut.-Col. John (1759–1831), method of telegraphing, [400], [442]
• MacGowan, George, [262]
• Macgregor, J. (“Journal of the Society of Arts,” May 20, 1859), [291]
• Machado, Barb., “Bibliotheca Lusitana,” [516], [531]
• Machiavelli, Nicolo (1469–1527), [114]
• Machines, electrical. See Electrical Machines.
• Machometes Aractensis. See Albategnius, [527]
• MacKendrick, Dr. John Gray (at Kirwan, Richard), [263]
• MacKenzie, William. See “Imp. Dict. of Univ. Biography.”
• MacMahon, Rev. John H., “Metaphysics of Aristotle,” [310]
• MacMillan, Walter G., “Treatise on electro-metallurgy,” [24]
• Macquer, Pierre Joseph (at Fourcroy, A. F. de), [354]
• Macrinus, M. Opelius (A.D. 164–218), [12]
• Macvey, Napier (1776–1847), [296]
• Madeira Arrais—Madeyra Arraez (Duarte). See [Arrais].
• Madison, Rev. James (1749–1812), [327], [328]
• Mädler—Maedler—Johann Heinrich von, “Geschichte der Himmelskunde,” [513]
• Madrid, Gazette de, [318]
• Maffei, Francisco Scipione de (1675–1755), [321], [505], [554]
• Magalotti—Magolotti—Lorenzo (1637–1712), Saggi Accad. del Cimento, 1666–1761.
• “Magaz. Sc. de Göttingen,” [10]
• Magazin der neuesten ... reisebeschreibungen.
• “Magazin encyclopédique ...,” par Millin de Grandmaison, Aubin Louis. See [Rafn, C. G.]
• Magazin für das neueste aus der physik. See [Lichtenberg] and [Voigt].
• Magazin für naturvidenskaberne. See [Christiana].
• Magazin für ... naturkunden, von Voigt, J. H., 12 vols., Jena and Weimar, [380]
• Magazine of American History, [115]
• Magellan—Magalhaeus—Magalhäes—Ferdinand, commanded in 1520 the first expedition around the world, [67], [288].
• [Magellan—Magalhaeus—Joào Hyazinthe, F.R.S., was a very prominent astronomical writer.]
• Magendie, François, [325], [385]
• Maggiotto, F., upon a new electrical machine, [254]
• Magi: loadstone so called in their honour, [13]
• Magliabechiana Library at Florence, [57]
• Magliozzi, M., “Notizia ... bussola,” [61]
• Magne-crystallic action: Poisson, 1811, [411];
• Faraday, at 1821, [495];
• Tyndall, at Poisson, 1811, [411], and also in Phil., Mag. for 1851, 1856 and 1870.
• Magnesian stone, [13]
• Magnet—loadstone—armed, [86], [100]
• Magnet—magnes—the loadstone. [See Chambers’ Cyclopædia, Vol. III.], [12–13], [145–146]
• Magnet and helix, experimental distinction between, [486]
• Magnet, applications for medical relief, [26]
• Magnet, artificial. See Hamilton, [159];
• Knight, [180];
• Antheaulme, Du Hamel, Le Maire, [190];
• Michell, John, [191];
• Canton, [206];
• Æpinus, [217];
• Gregory, [323]
• Magnet, elliptical. See Treméry, J. L., [324]
• Magnet, Ethiopian, said to repel iron. See Maiolus, “Dies Caniculares ...,” 1597, p. 781.
• Magnet, filar suspension, first mentioned by Leonardus Camillus, “Speculum Lapidum,” 1610, p. 129
• Magnet, first English work on the, Norman Robert, “The newe attractive,” 1592.
• Magnet, its four virtues or operations, according to Sir Francis Bacon, [100]
• Magnet, its threefold power, attractive, directive and inductive. See Oberst, Joseph, “Conjecturæ ...”: Augsburg, 1760.
• Magnet, mathematical theory of the (at Hansteen, C., A.D. 1819), [444]
• Magnet, molecular, first suggested by Kirwan, R., [263].
• See Hale, Matthew, “Magnetismus magnus ...”: London, 1695.
• Magnet, native, its different names, etc. See B.C. 1022, 600–580, 337–330, 321, 285–247, 60–56; also A.D. 121, 265, 295–334, 400, 1111–1117, 1490–1541.
• Magnet, natural and artificial. See Gregory, G., [322]
• Magnet, powdered. See Ingen-housz, [256],
• and Marcel (at Swinden), [273]
• Magnet, writers on the subject. See Zahn, Johann—Joannes (1641–1707); Schott, Gaspar (1608–1666) in his “Magia universali ...”: Bamberg, 1677; Boyle, Robert (1627–1691), “Some Considerations ...,” 1664, p. 15; Ruard, Andala (1665–1727), in his “Exercitationes ...,” 1709; Pfundt, Ehrenfried in his “Disputatio Physica de magnete,” 1673; Bertrand, Elie (1712–1790), “Dictionnaire Universel”: Avignon, 1763, p. 14.
• Magnetic and electric forces, analogy between, [383]
• Magnetic Atlas or Variation Charts: Bianco, Andrea, 1436, [62];
• Halley, Edmund, 1683, [137];
• Churchman, John (mention made of Halley, Lambert, Mountaine and Dodson, Wilke) 1794, [315];
• Barlow, Peter, 1820, [458]
• Magnetic Attractions and repulsions, [156]
• Magnetic Cars, Carriages. See [Chariots].
• Magnetic Curves, [156]
• Magnetic Declination, causes of the, [164]
• Magnetic Declination, first announced in print by Falero, Francisco, in 1535, [67–68]
• Magnetic Declination, history of, by Carli, Gian Rinaldo (1720–1785), “Dissertazione ...”: Venice, 1747.
• Magnetic Dip, earliest known observations in U.S.A., [258–259]
• Magnetic Expedition, [333] (Humboldt), [445] (Hansteen).
• Magnetic Fluids, two, theory of: Wilcke, J.C. (mentions Coulomb, [276], and Poisson, [410]), 1757, [215], [276];
• Brugmans, Anton, in 1778, [215];
• Prevost, Pierre (1751–1839), “De l’origine ...”: Genève, 1788; Treméry, J. L., in 1797.
• Magnetic Force, law of the decrement of, [334]
• Magnetic Force, laws of, by Dr. Brooke Taylor, [156]
• Magnetic Forces, causes and mechanism of, [164]
• Magnetic Induction by electric currents, discovered by Arago, [478]
• Magnetic Influence, earliest known application of, 2637 B.C.
• Magnetic Intensity and dip or inclination, Gay-Lussac, 1804, [389]
• Magnetic Islands and mountains, [71]
• Magnetic Measurement, absolute, by Poisson, [411]
• Magnetic Plants, [259–261]
• Magnetic Poles: Halley, 1683, [137];
• Euler, Albert, 1766, [214];
• Brewster, 1820, [465];
• Royal Society of London, “Miscellanea Curiosa”: London, 1726.
• Magnetic Properties of metals developed by percussion, [482]
• Magnetic Rotatory Polarization. See [Cadozza, G.], likewise Arago at p. [478]
• Magnetic Sand: Butterfield in 1698 and Desaguliers and Musschenbroek in 1733, [174], [175]
• Magnetic Society. See [Paris].
• Magnetic Stations, [267], [334]
• Magnetic Stones, [512]
• Magnetic Storms, so named by Humboldt, [334]
• Magnetic Suspension of statues, tombs, etc., [18], [73], [123], [222]
• Magnetical compass of new design by De la Hire (Phil. Trans., 1687, p. 344), [145]
• Magneticks (Phil. Trans. abridged, Vol. X. Pt. I. Chap. iv. pp. 1–20, for 1756).
• “Magnetischen vereins ...,” Resultate ... von Gauss ...: Göttingen, 1836–1841.
• Magnetism and Electricity, analogy between, [163], [272]
• Magnetism, Animal: Mesmer, [235–237];
• Puységur, [236], [425]
• Magnetism, Animal, and its curative powers, detailed by Kluge (Karl Alexander Ferdinand) in “Proeve eener voorstelling ...”: Amsterdam, 1812.
• Magnetism, Animal, and magnetism, mineral, division established by Kircher, Athan, in his “Magneticum Naturæ ...”: Amsterdam, 1667.
• Magnetism, Animal, history of. See [Mojon].
• Magnetism, Animal. See Report of Franklin, B.: Philadelphia, 1837 (2nd ed.); also Petrus, P. B., “Etude ...”: Pise, 1852, p. 237.
• Magnetism, History of, by Wilcke, J. C., “Tal om Magnetem ...”: Stockholm, 1764, also by Murhard, F. W. A., and likewise by Churchman, John, in “Magnetic Atlas ...”: London, 1794.
• Magnetism imparted to iron bar without a magnet, [300]
• Magnetism imparted to non-ferruginous substances, [163]
• Magnetism, influence of heat upon, [458]
• Magnetism, its effect on plants, [257]
• Magnetism—Magnetisme—this noun first employed by Barlow, Wm., in his “Magneticall Advertisements ...”: London, 1616.
• Magnetism, Mathematical, theory of, Hansteen, Chr. (1784–1873), “Untersuchungen ...,” 1819, Chap. v., [444–446]
• Magnetism, Mechanical, production of, by Boyle, R., in his “Works ...,” 1699–1700 (Vol. II. p. 323), [131], [132]
• Magnetism of salts of the magnetic metals (Phil. Mag., Ser. IV. Vol. XXX. pp. 366–370, 1865).
• Magnetism, Rotatory, Arago (1820), [478];
• Cadozza, Harris, [469];
• Barlow, [458].
• Consult “Table Analytique de, Annales de Ch. et de Phys.,” Index pp. 257–258.
• See Electro-magnetic Rotations.
• Magnetism, theories of. See Theories.
• Magnetism, universal prevalence of, in all bodies (Arago), [479]
• “Magnetist,” published at Frankfort, [556]
• Magneto-electric induction, discovered by Faraday, [484–487]
• Magnetometer of Bidone, Georgio (1781–1889), “Description ...”: Turin, 1807; also of Scoresby, 1821, and of Lloyd, H., “Proc. Royal Irish Academy.”
• Magnus, L. See [Gomperz].
• Magnus, Professor G. (at Gmelin, L.) [450]
• Magrini, L. (at Oersted, H. C.), [455]
• Magrinus. See [Arnaldus de Villa Nova].
• Mahaffy, John P., [122], [511]
• Mahomet, [73], [91], [123], [222], [527], [541], [542].
• For Mahomets’ tomb, etc. (magnetic suspension of) see Sir Thomas Browne, “Pseudodoxia Epidemica ...,” 1646; Van Etten, Henry, “Mathematical Recreations ...,” 1674; Weston, Wynant van, “Mathematische ...,” 1662–1663; Guyot, E. G. (1706–1786), “Nouvelles Récréations ...,” published in 1769–1770.
• Mahon, Lord, third Earl of Stanhope (1753–1816), [184], [254], [255], [275], [310]
• Mailla—Maillac—Joseph Anne Marie de Moyriac de (1679–1748), [1–2]
• Maimbourg, Louis (1610–1686), [144]
• Maimbray—De Maimbray—of Edinburgh, [179], [282]
• Maimonides—Moses Ben Maimon (at Cordova c. A.D. 1132), [40]
• Maindron, Ernest (at Mesmer, F. A.), [237];
• (at Volta, A.), [248]
• Maiolus—Maiolo—Majolus—Simon (1520–1597), Bishop of Volturara, “Colloginas”; “Dies Caniculares ...,” [19], [33], [160]
• Mair, John, credited with the discovery of the secular variation of the declination, 1635, [117]
• Mairan, Jean Jacques d’Ortous de (1678–1711), “Traité de physique ...,” 1731, [139], [140], [141], [142], [309]
• Maisiat, Michel (1770–1822), “... changements faits à la boussole ...”: Paris, 1818. Contains a brief history of the mariner’s compass.
• Maissas—Meissas—Alexandre André de (b. 1800), [352]
• Majocchi, Giovanni Alessandro (d. 1854), “Annali di Fisica, Chimica, etc.”: Milano, 28 Vols. [420]
• Majus (i. e. May), Heinrich, “Disp. de tonitru”; “Disp. de fulmine” (Pogg., II. 21, 1673), [199]
• Makium, constructs a novel magnetic chariot, [22]
• Malapterurus—at one time called Malapterus-electricus, [192], [374]
• Malcolm, Sir John (at Zoroaster), [542]
• Malfanti, G., “Le météore ...,” 1586, [553]
• Mallemans de Messanges, C. (1653–1723), “Nouveau système de l’aimant”: Paris, 1680.
• Mallet, Charles Auguste (b. 1807), “Manuel de philosophic,” 1835.
• Mallet, Charles François (1766–1853) (Annales des Ponts et Chaussées).
• Mallet, Clément. See Clément Mallet.
• Mallet du Pan, Jacques (1749–1800), “Mercure historique,” [265]
• Mallet-Favre, Jacques André (1740–1790), Swiss astronomer, “De acus magneticæ ...”; “Observations astronomiques ...,” [249]
• Mallet, Friedrich (1728–1797), “Description mathématique du globe,” [232]
• Maloet. See [Le Dru], Maloet, Cosnier, Darcet ..., [229], [385]
• Malte-Brun, Victor Adolphe, “Géographie Universelle,” 1816, [93]
• Malus, Etienne Louis (1775–1812), [480–481]
• Malzet. See [Jacquet de Malzet].
• Manardus, Joannes, “Epistolarum medicinalium ...,” 1549, [27]
• Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, Trans. and Memoirs, [10], [16], [24], [134], [165]
• Mandeville, Sir John (born c. 1300), [67], [72].
• See Biogr. Univ. de Michaud, Vol. XXVI. p. 32; Dict. of Nat. Biogr., Vol. XXXVI. pp. 23–29, and the works of H. Cordier therein named.
• Manetto—Manetho—Manathou, on the magnet stone, [14].
• At pp. 51–54 of Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren’s “Manual of Ancient History,” Oxford, 1833, it is said that Manetto was a celebrated high priest at Heliopolis who flourished under the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, about 260 B.C. He wrote the Ægyptica, and his authenticity is now completely established.
• Consult George Stanley Faber, Horæ Mosaicæ, I. 251; George Rawlinson’s “Bampton Lectures,” p. 56; William Osburn, “Monumental History of Egypt,” II. 606–608; J. P. Cory, “Of the writings of Manetto, translated from the Greek.”
• Manget, Jean Jacques, “Bibliotheca Scriptorum Medicorum,” [528]
• Mangin, l’Abbé (d. 1772), “Histoire Générale ... de l’électricité ...”: Paris, 3 Vols. 1752, [555]
• Manheim—Mannheim—Academy of Sciences, Theodoro Palatina, Historia, Memoria et Commentationes, [29], [285], [289]
• Manheim—Mannheim—Electoral Meteorol. Society, Transactions, [285], [320]
• Mann, Théodore Augustin (1735–1809), “Sur les marées aériennes ...,” 1792, [289], [320]
• Mannevilette, Jean Baptiste N. D. Après de (1707–1780), “Le nouveau quartier” (Hadley’s quadrant), 1739
• Mansill, Richard (at Faraday), [499]
• Mansion, Paul, “Note ... astronomie ancienne,” [533]
• Manual of Chemistry. See [Brande, W. T.]
• Manual of Classical Biography. See [Moss, J. W.]
• Manual of Electro-metallurgy. See [Napier, James]; [Shaw, George].
• Manual of Magnetism. See [Davis, Daniel].
• Manuel de l’électricité. See [Delaunay, Veau].
• Manuel du libraire et de l’amateur de livres par Jacques C. Brunet, Paris, [71]
• Maplet, John (d. 1592), “A Greene Forest or a Naturall Historie,” [16]
• Marais, Paul, “Bibliothèque Mazarine,” [xi]
• Maraldi, James Philip (at Cassini), [268]
• Marana, G. P., “L’espion ...,” 1684; “Letters writ ...,” 1734, [554], [555]
• Marat, Jean Paul (1744–1793), [269], [385] (at Thillaye-Platel).
• Marbodeus Gallus, surnamed Pelliciarius (1035–1125), [17], [26], [74], [82], [513]
• Marcel, Arnold, [149], [206], [273], [292]
• Marcellus Empiricus (fl. end fourth century), “De medicamentis ...,” [24], [26]
• Marcet, Mrs., “Conversations on chemistry,” [322], [323], [497]
• Marciana Library at Venice, [111]
• Marcilius Ficinus. See [Ficino].
• Marco Polo. See [Polo, Marco].
• Marcorelle and Darguier (at Dalton, J.), [308]
• Mardonius, Persian general (d. 479 B.C.), fire signals, [4]
• Maréchaux, Peter Ludwig (b. 1764), [388], [394], [420]
• Margarita Philosophica of Father Gregorius Reisch, [34–35]
• Margueritte (at Pepys, W. H., Sr.), [372]
• Mariani Parthenii Electricorum, [227]
• Marianini, Stefano Giovanni (1790–1866), [325], [330], [355], [385]
• Maricourt, Pierre de. See [Peregrinus].
• Marie Davy (at Thillaye-Platel), [386]
• Marie, J. E. Maximilien, “Hist. des Sc. Mathématiques et Physiques,” 12 Vols. 1883–1888, [147], [152], [412], [506]
• Marin, Th. (at De Romas), [204]
• Mariners’ compass, history of the. See Maissiat, Michel (1770–1822), “Mémoire ...,” 1818, [viii], [59–61], [141];
• Keou-tsoungchy, A.D. 1111–1117, [29];
• Guyot de Provins, A.D. 1190–1210, [30];
• Bianco, Andrea, A.D. 1436, [62–63];
• Voltaire, F. M. A. de, A.D. 1327–1377, [58], [104]
• Marinette, or compass, [56]
• Marinière, or loadstone, [30]
• Markham, C. R., translator of Acosta’s “Natural ... history of the Indies,” [21]
• Marni, “Sulla formazione ...” (at Alexander Tilloch), [392]
• Marrherr, P. A. (at Thillaye-Platel), 1765, [385]
• Marrigues à Montfort l’Amaury (at Thillaye-Platel), 1773, [385]
• Marsh, J. (at Ampère), [476], [477]
• Marshall, Charles. See [Morrison, Charles], [208–209]
• Marsigli, Luigi Fernandino, Conte (1658–1730), [419]
• Martianus, Minneus Felix Capella (fl. early fifth century).
• Martin, Adam Georg (b. 1812), “Repertorium der Galvanoplastik und Galvanostegie,” 2 Vols. 1856.
• Martin, A. R. (Vetensk. Akad. Abh. 1758 and 1761).
• Martin, Benjamin (1704–1782), “Bibliotheca Technologica,” 1737; “Essay on Electricity ...,” 1746; “Biographia Philosophica,” 1764; “Philosophia Britannica,” 1747, [95], [131], [170], [252], [315]
• Martin de Brettes, “Appareils chrono-électriques ...,” 1858.
• Martin-Haug, I., “Essays ...,” 1862 (at Zoroaster), [542]
• Martin, Henri, “Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal,” [ix]
• Martin, Henry (at Oersted), [455]
• Martin, Louis Henri, Baron (1810–1883), “Sur ... Héron d’Alexandrie,” [520]
• Martin, “Météorologie ...” (at Aurora Borealis), [139]
• Martin, Thomas Henri (1813–1884), [8], [10], [15], [18], [72], [520];
• “De l’aimant, de ses noms divers,” 1861; “Du succin, de ses noms divers,” 1860; “La foudre, l’électricité ...,” 1866; “Observations ... electriques ...,” 1865; “Les attractions ... magnétiques ...,” 1865.
• Martineau, James (at Priestley, Joseph), [228]
• Martyn and Chambers, “The Phil. Hist. and Mem. of the Royal Academy at Paris,”: London, 1742, [145]
• Martyn, John—also Eames and Martyn. See [Royal Society].
• Marum, Martin van (1750–1837), [231], [247], [257], [277–280], [337], [384], [448], [455], [483]
• Marzari, G., e Toaldo, G., [253], [254]
• Masars—Mazars—de Cazelès. See Cazelès, [229]
• Mascagni, P. (at Brugnatelli), [363]
• Mascuelli, G. (at Bolton, J. F.), [245]
• Mason, Col. David, [223], [234], [235]
• Maspero, Gaston Camille Charles (b. 1846), “Dawn of Civilization,” [14], [299]
• “Massachusetts Gazette,” [223]
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology, [xi]
• Massé, J. (at Jadelot, J. F. N.), [330]
• Massuet, Pierre, “Essais ...,” 1751, [175]
• Materia subtilis. See [Subtle].
• Maternus, G. C. Cilano de, 1743 (at Dalton, John), [308]
• Mather, Encrease—Increase (1639–1723), [135]
• Matteini—Matheini—Luigi (at Sarpi, Pietro), [112]
• Matteucci, Carlo (1811–1868), [135], [241], [284], [298], [330], [355], [374], [385], [409], [426], [441], [469], [493];
• “... Giornale de Fisica ...,” 1853; “Traité des phenomènes ...,” 1844; “Sur l’électricité animale ...,” 1834; “Richerche Elettro ...,” 1846; “Recherches physiques ...,” 1837; “Manuale di teleg. elett ...,” 1850; Mémoires, in Annales de Chimie. ... Vols. 27, 28, 34.
• See Cates’ “Dictionary of General Biography,” 3rd ed. 1880, p. 848.
• Matteucci, P. (at Dalton, J.), “De aurora boreali ...”: Bononioe, 1747, [308]
• Matthæus Silvaticus. See Silvaticus, [529]
• Matthieu, C. (at Galvani, L.), [285]
• Matthieu de Messine, the notary of Lentino, [15–16]
• Matthiolus, Petrus Andreas (1500–1577), [27], [526];
• “Commentaries on Dioscorides,” 1598; “P. A. M. ... opera ... de materia medica,” 1596.
• Maty, Dr. Matthew, Secretary of the English Royal Society (1718–1776), [170], [272]
• Maty, Paul Henry, son of Dr. Matthew Maty, editor of the Philosophical Transactions (1745–1787), [547].
• See “Dict. of Nat. Biogr.,” Vol. XXXVII. 1894, pp. 78–79.
• Matzenauer, E. (at Dalton, J.), [308]
• Maudonnet, Pierre, “Siger de Brabant ...,” [37], [505]
• Mauduyt, Antoine René (1731–1815), [229], [263], [269], [270], [302], [385]
• Maufras, M. D. de, translator of F. de Navarette’s “Recherches ...,” [531]
• Maunder, Samuel, “Biographical Treasury,” “Dictionary of Univ. Biog.,” 1838, [148]
• Maunoir, Professor (at Schwenter, D.), [81]
• Maupied, F. L. M., “Histoire des Sciences,” [37], [103], [404]
• Maupin, Georges (at Leurechon, J.), [109]
• Maurice, 1810 (at Thillaye-Platel), [385]
• Maurius, “Sphera volgare ...,” 1537, [553]
• Mauro, Fiorentino (1494–1556), “Sphera volgare ...”: Venice, 1537.
• Maurolycus—Maurolico—Franciscus, Abbas Messanensis (1494–1575), [72], [115], [527];
• “D. F. A. ... Opuscula mathematica ...,” 1575.
• Maver, William, Jr., “Wireless telegraphy,” [19]
• Maxwell, James Clerk (1831–1879), “The electrical researches of the Hon. Henry Cavendish,” on title page, [xiii], [184], [239], [252].
• See [Rumford Medal].
• Maxwell, William, “Medicina magnetica ...,” 1679, [135], [245], [301]
• May, Gustav, “Die Weltliteratur der Electricitaet und des Magnetismus von 1860–1883 ...”: Wien, 1884. [The English edition, “A bibliography of electricity and magnetism, 1860–1883,” was published in London, also in 1884.]
• Maycock, J. D. (at Luc, J. A. de; also at Donovan, Michael), [406], [419]
• Mayer, A. F. J. C., “Spicilegium ...”: Bonnæ, 1843, [298]
• Mayer, Alfred Marshall (1836–1906), [92], [140], [310], [324], [472], [473], [487], [495]
• Mayer, And., “Dissert. sistens ...,” 1777.
• Mayer, B. E., “Hist. of Mod. Philos.,” 1900, [94]
• Mayer, G. F. (Poligrafo di Verona, ii, 97, 1836).
• Mayer, Johan Tobias, junior (1752–1830), [220], [416]
• Mayer, Johan Tobias, senior (1723–1762), [220], [252]
• Mayer, Johann (1754–1807), “Abhandlungen ...,” 1793, [249], [285]
• Mayer, Joseph (1752–1814), Abh. Bohm. Gesellsch. d. Wiss., 1785.
• Mayer—Meyer—F. C., “De luce boreali ...,” 1726, [308]
• Mayo, Herbert (at Faraday, M.), [487]
• Mazéas, L’Abbé Jean Mathurin (1716–1801), eminent mathematician, brother of Guillaume Mazéas (1742–1776) the well-known chanoine of Vannes, F.R.S., [200], [201], [320]
• Mazzuchelli, Frederigo, “Raccolta d’Opuscoli,” [501]
• Mazzuchelli, Giovanni Maria, Conte de (1707–1765), [64], [71];
• “Gli Scrittori d’Italia ...”: Brescia, 1753–1763.
• Meade, William, “On the origin and progress of galvanism”: Dublin, 1805, [285]
• Mechanical Dictionary. See [Knight].
• “Mechanics’ Journal.” See [Practical Mechanics’ Journal].
• “Mechanics’ Magazine” (at Nicholson, Wm.), [337]
• Médecine éclairée par les sciences physiques, [303]
• Medhurst, George—first germ of pneumatic telegraphy, [408]
• Medical Facts, [229]
• Medical Library and Historical Journal, [147]
• Medicina magnetica. See [Maxwell, Wm.]
• Medicin Gelehrten-Lexikon, [529]
• Medicinisch-chirurgische Zeitung. See [Ackermann, J. F.]
• Medicinisches-Schrifsteller Lexicon. See [Callisen].
• Medina, Pedro da—Piedro de (born c. 1493), denies variation of compass in “Arte del Navegar,” [63], [64], [68]
• Meersch, P. C. van der, [539]
• Megascope, invented by J. A. C. Charles, [288–289]
• Megerlin, Peter (d. 1686) (at Bernoulli family), [147]
• Mehu, M. C. See [Sestier, Félix].
• Mehun, Giovanni di, [61]
• Meidinger, J. Ferdinand (1726–1777), [258]
• Meissas. See [Maissas].
• Meissner, G., and Meyerstein, J., “Uber ein neues galvanometer ...,” 1859.
• Mela—Pomponius (fl. in first century), “De situ orbis,” [506], [553]
• Melchior, Adam (at Cordus, Valerius), [508]
• Mellarde of Turin, 1749, [385]
• Melloni, Macedonio (1798–1854), “Magnetismo delle Rocce,” 1853, 1854, 1857.
• Melseu, M. (at Diwish, P.), [209]
• Mémoires de mathématique et physique, [183], [204], [274], [277], [320], [426]
• Mémoires de Turin, [140]
• Mémoires des savants étrangers, [204], [320]
• Mémoires des sciences mathématiques de France, [412]
• Mémoires des sociétés savantes et littéraires de la Republique Française, [285], [328], [349], [350], [352], [355], [389]
• Mémoires récréatifs. See [Robertson].
• “Memoirs for the ingenious ...,” [145]
• “Men of the Time” (at Faraday, M.), [498]
• Mendenhall, Thomas Corwin, [321]
• Mendoza, Juan Gonzales de, “History of the Kingdom of China” (1540–1617), [77]
• Mendoza y Rios, José de, “Tratado de Navegacion,” [120]
• Menelaus—Mileus—Milleus (fl. end first century A.D.), [527], [541]
• Menippus (at Browne, Sir Thomas), [123]
• Menken, F. O. (at Fracastorio, H.), [515]
• Menon, L’Abbé (at Maimbray, M.), [179]
• Menon, M., “Influence de l’électricité sur la végétation,” [257]
• Mentzel, M. Chn., “De lapide Bononiensi ...,” 1673, [554]
• Mercator, Gerard Kremer—Kaufmann, Mercator’s Projection, [xvii], [80], [510], [518], [559–564] (Nouvelle Biographie Générale, Vol. XXXV. p. 11).
• Merckleim, George Abraham, “Lindenius Renovatus,” [508], [538]
• “Mercure de France,” [243], [259], [265], [556].
• See [Décade].
• Mercurial phosphorus (Hauksbec), [150]
• Mergey, Antoine Eugène, “Etude sur les travaux de De Romas,” [204], [337]
• Merivale, Charles, “History of the Romans,” [8]
• Merry, W. W., and Riddell, Jas., translators of Homer’s “Odyssey,” [6]
• Mersenne, Marin (1588–1648), [109], [120], [122], [130], [527]
• Merula Gaudentius (fl. early sixteenth century), [108], [299], [527–528]
• (Società Storica Lombarda), “Biblioteca Historica Italica”; “Memorabilium ...,” 1556.
• Merula, Paulus, “Cosmographiæ Generalis ...,” 1605, [72], [515]
• Merveilleux (Le) dans l’antiquité. See [Chassang, M. A.]
• Merz, Heinrich (at Fraunhofer, J. von), [433]
• Meschino, Il. See [Guerino].
• Mesmer, Friedrich Anton (1733–1815), [64], [233], [235–237]
• “Messager des Sciences et des Arts:” Gand, 1823, [274]
• Messanges. See [Mallemans].
• Messines, Matthieu de, [15]
• Metals and minerals, electricity of. See [Electricity of metals and minerals.]
• Metals, electrically revivified by Beccaria, [207]
• Meteoric stones (at Fourcroy, Antoine), [313], [354].
• See also [Salverte].
• Meteorites, Meteorolites, Meteors. See [Aerolites]; also, [Phipson], [286], [313], [314], [315], [376], [380]
• “Météorographie ...” by P. N. Changeux, 1776, [556]
• Meteors. See [Stanhusius, Mich.]; also [Trew, Abdias].
• Meteyard, Miss, “Life of Wedgwood,” [430]
• Méthérie, J. C. de la. See [La Méthérie].
• Meton—Meto—celebrated Athenian mathematician (fl. 432 B.C.), [544]
• Metrodorus (at School of Athens), [544].
• Greek philosopher of Chios (fl. beginning fourth century A.D.), was pupil of Democritus. Another Greek philosopher of the same name was brother of Timocrates and flourished A.D. 230–277. Another Metrodorus, Greek philosopher and traveller, living first century B.C., was a native of Scepsis and the author of many important works.
• Metzger, Johann Jacob (1783–1853), Electrical plate machine, [256]
• Meusel, Johann Georg, [233]
• Meyer, “Chymische Versuche ...; sull’ elettricità animale ...” (Sue i 127), 1792.
• Meyer, Com., “... virtù della calamita ...”: Roma, 1696.
• Meyer, Ernst van (at Lavoisier, A. L.), [262]
• Meyer, F. C., de luce boreali, [140]
• Meyer, H. von, of Frankfort (Archiv. f. d. Ges. Natural, XIV. p. 342), [288]
• Meyer, Herman Joseph (1796–1856), Meyer’s Konversations-Lexikon: Leipzig und Wien, [30], [152], [262], [335], [389], [392], [559]
• Meyer, Johann Friedrich (1705–1765), “Chymische Versuche ... elektrischen materie ...,” 1764, [555]
• Meyer, Johann Karl Friedrich (1733–1811), “Versuche mit der von Pallas ...,” 1776, 1777 and 1780, [346]
• Meyer, Moritz (Deutsche Klinik, 1857, No. 9), [386]
• Meyer, W. H. Theodor, “Bestimmungen ...” 1857, and “Beobachtungen ...,” 1858.
• Meyerstein, J. See [Meissner and Meyerstein.]
• Meygenberg, Conrad van, “Book of Nature,” [34]
• Mezzini (at Aldini, G.), 305, and (at Reinhold, J. C. L.), [327]
• Mical, L’Abbé N. (1780–1844), 171. See “Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” XXXV. 312.
• Micali, Joseph (1780–1844), “L’Italie avant la domination des Romains,” [8]
• Micanzio, Fra Fulgentio, [110], [113]
• Michael de Montaigne (1533–1592) (“Nouv. Biog. Gén.,” XXXVI. 55), [299–300]
• Michaelis, Jean David P. (1717–1791), [5], [9], [10], [326], [332]
• Michaud frères, “Biographie Universelle Ancienne et Moderne”: Paris et Leipzig, 1811–1853, [2], [12], [25], [45], [58], [68], [71], [93], [95], [106], [122], [140], [146], [148], [163], [164], [170], [186], [189], [203], [208], [220], [232], [233], [235], [236], [243], [258], [259], [263], [265], [277], [280], [292], [301], [303], [306], [370], [400], [406], [455], [456], [464], [518], [527]
• Michaud, Joseph François, “History of the Crusades,” [31]
• Michell—Michel—John (1724–1793), Artificial magnets, [191], [206], [217]
• Michelotti, V., “Précis de nouvelles expériences galvaniques,” 1809, [295]
• Middeldorpf, A., 1854 (at Jadelot, J. F. N.), [330]
• Middleton, Capt. Christopher (d. 1770), [267]
• Miers, Prof. H. A. (at Chladni, E. F. F.), [315]
• Migne, Jacques Paul (1800–1875), “Patrologiæ cursus completus,” 1854
• Milano—Milan—Effemeridi Chim. Mediche, [363]
• Miles, Rev. Henry of Tooting, [172]
• “Militaire Spectateur Hollandais,” [397]
• Miller and Daniell (Phil. Trans. for 1844, Part I.).
• Miller (at Philostratus, Flavius), [533]
• Miller, Benigne Emmanuel Clément (Revue de Biographie Analytique, par E. C. Miller et G. A. Aubenas, 1804).
• Miller, George, D.D. (1764–1848), “History Philosophically Illustrated from the Fall of the Roman Empire to the French Revolution, 1832” (Dublin Academy, VII. 139); “Elements of Natural Philosophy,” 1799, [23], [32], [33], [42], [55], [56], [57], [61], [66], [96], [102], [116], [130], [134], [248], [262], [284], [441]
• Miller, Gerh. And., “Schreiben ... d. elektricität ...,” 1746.
• Miller, Hugh, “Essays ... scientific”: Edinburgh, 1862.
• Miller, Samuel, D.D., “Retrospect ...,” 3 Vols. 1805, [10]
• Miller, William Allen, “Chemistry ...,” 1871, [433], [467], [470]
• Milliet—De Chales—Dechales Claudius François (1621–1678), “L’Art de naviguer”: Paris, 1677; “Cursus, seu mundus mathematicus ...,” 1690, 1674, [110], [146], [273]
• Millin de Grandmaison, Aubin Louis (1759–1818), “Magazin Encyclopédique,” 1795; “Annales Encyclopédiques,” 1795, [384], [451]
• Milly, Nicolas Christiern, Comte de Thy (1728–1784), [235], [264]
• Milman, Henry Hart, D.D. (1791–1868), “History of Latin Christianity,” [36], [42], [144], [505], [523].
• See [Gibbon].
• Milner, Thomas (1719–1797), “Exp. and Obs. in electricity,” 1783, [367], [556]
• Mimosa pudica and mimosa sensitiva (at Dutrochet, Schmuck and at Ingen-housz), [257], [464]
• Mines are fired by electricity in 1749, [189].
• It has already been noted (at A.D. 1745, 176) that Watson exploded gunpowder (Phil. Trans. abridged, X. 288), and reference should be made to Franklin’s letter to Collinson, July 27, 1750, as well as to Priestley’s History (1775 edition, p. 78) and to Schilling’s report of the explosion of mines by galvanic currents, as mentioned herein, A.D. 1812, [421]
• Mining Journal. See [London Mining Journal].
• Minkeller, M., [249]
• Minotto (at Zamboni, Giuseppe), [420]
• Miot (at Chappe, Claude), [301].
• Mirmont, De la Ville de, [18]
• “Mirror of Nature” of Vincent de Beauvais, [34]
• Mirus, C. E. (at Dalton, John), [308]
• “Miscellanea ... Tauriniensa,” [224]
• Mitscherlich, Eilard—Eilhert—M. (Allgem. Deutsche Biographie, XXII. 15–22), [471]
• Mizauld, Antoine (at Schott, Gaspar), [126]
• Mochetti, Francisco (d. 1839), [424]
• Mœurs, de Reg. Athen., [5]
• Moigno, Abbé François Napoléon Marie (1804–1884), Aumonier du Lycée Louis Le Grand, “Traité de télégraphie électrique”; “Les Mondes”; “Le Cosmos, Revue encyclopédique hebdomadaire”: Paris, 1852–1870, [98], [242], [248], [365], [440], [556]
• Moillet, Mrs. Amelia, “Sketch of the life of James Keir,” [297]
• Mojon, Benedetto, junior, “Sur l’application ...,” 1845, [386]
• Mojon, Benedetto, senior (1784–1849), “Histoire académique du magnétisme animal,” 1841.
• Mojon, Benoit, “Réflections ...” (Journ. du Galvan., XI. p. 168).
• Mojon, Giuseppe—Joseph (at Romagnosi, G. D. G. G.), [366]
• Molenier, Jacob, “Essai sur le mécanisme de l’électricité,” [229]
• Molinier, Victor, “Notice ... boussole au XIII^e siècle,” [61]
• Molitor, N. K. (at Ingen-housz, Johan), [258]
• Moll—Gerhard—Gerrit, of Utrecht (1785–1838), “Sur des expériences electro-magnétiques” (Brewster’s Journal of Science, III. 1830).
• Consult “Journal de Chimie et d’Histoire Naturelle,” Vol. 94, pp. 377–388; Moll and Van Beck (Journal de Physique, XCII. 1821); Moll, Van Rees and Van den Bos (Gilb. Ann. LXXII. 1822), [272], [273], [473]
• Moller, D. W. (at Solinus, Caius Julius), [540]
• Möller, P. L., [440], [450]
• Mollet, Joseph (1758–1829), “Cours élémentaire de physique expérimentale,” 2 Vols. 1822 (Acad. de Lyon, Mai, 1823), [226], [367]
• Molyneux, Emery (at Hues—Hood—Robert), [522], [562], [563]
• Mombret, Eugène Coquebert (at Chladni, E. F. F.), [314]
• Monardus, Nicolas, [27], [516]
• “Monatliche correspondenz ... von Zach”: Gotha, 1800–1813, [462]
• Moncel. See [Du Moncel].
• Moncomy, Balthazar de, [126]
• Mond, Dr. Robert L., [xii]
• Monge, Gaspard, Comte de Péluse (1746–1818), [247], [294], [328], [375], [407], [417], [477].
• See Jal’s Dictionary, 878–879.
• Mongiardini and Lando, “Sul Galvanismo ...”: Genova, 1803, [330]
• Moniteur. See [Le Moniteur].
• “Moniteur Scientifique.” See [Quesneville, Gustave Augustin].
• Monro, Alexander (1733–1817), “Experiments ...,” 1793, 1794, [306], [327]
• Monroe, Paul, “A Cyclopædia of Education”: New York, 1913.
• Mons, Jean Baptiste van (1765–1842), “Journal de Chimie” (complément aux Annales de Chimie), Bruxelles, 1802, [231], [248], [285], [306], [326], [337], [341], [350], [353], [362], [363], [367], [381], [383], [384], [388], [400], [452]
• Montagnana, Bartholomeo (born c. A.D. 1400), [528]
• Montagu, Basil (at Bacon, Sir Francis), [102]
• Montaigne, Michael de. See [Michel de Montaigne].
• Montanus, Arias Benedictus (1527–1598), [528]
• Montanus, Joannes Baptista (1488–1551), “Metaphrasis summaria ...,” 1551, [26], [525], [528]
• Montbéliard, Guénaud de (at Morveau, L. B. Guyton de), [233]
• “Monthly Magazine,” publication commenced in London during 1796, [43], [229], [381]
• Monti and Gironi (at Brugnatelli, L. V.), [363]
• Montpellier, Academy of Sciences, Histoire de la Société Royale, Mémoires, Recueils, etc., [276]
• Montpellier, Annales de la Société de Médecine (Ecole de Médecine), [328], [507]
• Montpellier, Catalogues méthodiques des livres scientifiques, 1855–1856.
• Montpellier, Faculté de, [506]
• Montravel, Tardy de (at Amoretti, Carlo), [401]
• Montucla, Jean Etienne (1725–1799), “Histoire des Mathématiques,” [79], [81], [122], [123], [171], [220], [401], [505], [506], [510], [520], [521], [527], [531]
• Moon, Robert. See [Fresnel].
• Moore, Bishop of Norwich (at Rohault, Jacques), [129]
• Moore, Sir John (1761–1809), [397]
• Morales, G. de, 1605, [553]
• Morant, Philip (at Gilbert, William), [92]
• Moreau, on the electrical organs of fishes, [300]
• Moreri, Louis (1643–1680), “Le Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” 1740, [163], [513]
• Morgagni, Giovanni Battista (1682–1771), [147], [148]
• Morgan, George Cadogan (1754–1798), [282]
• Morgan, J., 1815 (at Thillaye-Platel, Antoine), [385]
• Morhof, Daniel George (1639–1691), “Polyhistor ... et rerum commentarii,” 1688, [55]
• Morichini, Domenico Pini (1773–1836), [423–424]
• Morieni, Romani, “De re metallica”: Parisiis, 1559, [502]
• Morin, Jean Baptiste (1583–1656), [183], [187]
• Moringo—Moringuo—Gerardus (at Augustine, Aurelius, Saint), [25]
• Morlet (at Hansteen, Christoph), [446]
• Morley, Henry (at Agrippa, H. C.), [502];
• (at Cardanus, H.), [507]
• Morozzo—Morotius—Carlo Luigi, Comte de (1744–1804), [295]
• Morrell, Thomas, “Elements of the History of Phil. and Sc.,” [108], [268]
• Morris, George S., translator of Ueberweg’s “Hist. of Phil.,” [26], [32], [33], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [102]
• Morris, William, [6]
• Morrison, Charles (fl. 1753), [208–209], [241] (Dict. Nat. Biogr., 1909, Vol. XIII. p. 1004).
• Morse, Prof. Samuel Finley Breese. See [Prime, Samuel Irenæus], [197]
• Mortenson, “Dissertatio de electricitate ...,” 1740, 1742, [555]
• Mortimer, Cromwell (d. 1752), [154], [155], [547].
• See [Royal Society].
• Morveau, Baron Louis Bernard Guyton de (1737–1816), [233], [236], [247], [333], [354], [372], [392].
• See [Paris, Annales de Chimie].
• Moscati, Pietro (at Ingen-housz, Johan), [257]
• Moser, L., and Riess, R. T., [423]
• Moser, Ludwig, “Über d. n. magnetischen Entdeckungen,” 1834, [423];
• “Repertorium der physik.”
• See [Dove, Heinrich Wilhelm].
• Moses (at the Etruscans), [9]
• Moss, Joseph William, “Manual of Classical Biography,” [11], [18]
• Motte, Benjamin. See [Royal Society].
• Mottelay, Paul F., [xiv], [92]
• Moulton, Chas. Wells, “Library of Literary Criticism,” [62], [102], [124], [132], [134], [199], [216], [228]
• Moulton, John Fletcher (b. 1844). See [Spottiswoode, William].
• Mountaine, W., and Dodson, J., [165], [267], [315], [555]
• Mountaine, William, “Epitome of the Art of Navigation,” 1744, [165], [166].
• He was associated with James Dodson, in the publication of “An account of the methods used to describe lines on Dr. Halley’s chart,” 1746.
• Mouzin, P. (at Bolten, J. F.), [246]
• Moyes, Henry, “Heads of a course of lectures on the philosophy of chemistry,” 1780, [270], [342], [347]
• Muirhead, James Patrick, translator of Arago’s “Eloge of James Watt,” [126], [190], [228], [313]
• Muirhead, Professor Lockhardt, [462]
• Müller, G. F. (at Gmelin Family), [450]
• Müller, Johann Heinrich Jacob, “Lehrbuch der Kosmichen Physik,” 1856, 1865 and 1872, [140], [288];
• Diamagnetism (Pogg. Ann., Vol. 83 for 1851).
• Müller, Johannes, German scientist and astronomer, known as Regiomontanus (1436–1476), [67].
• See [Joannes de Monte Regio].
• Müller—Mueller—Gerhard Andreas (1718–1762), [450]
• Muller-Pouillet, “Lehrbuch der physik und meteorologie,” 2 Vols. 1868–1869.
• Mulloch, F. G. A., “Democriti Abderitæ ...,” 1843, [511]
• Multiplicator: Nobili and Antinovi: in 1822. See Oersted in 1825–1826.
• Multiplier, electro-magnetic of Schweigger (at A.D. 1811), [413–414]
• Multiplier of Colladon, and of Henry, at pp. 112, 242, of Ronalds’ Catalogue.
• Multiplier of electricity of Cavallo, [244]
• Mumenthaler, John Jacob (1729–1813), at Ingen-housz, [249], [257]
• Muncke, Georg Wilhelm (1772–1847), “Handbuch der naturlehre,” 2 Vols. 1829–1830, [308], [422].
• See his numerous articles on magnetism, etc., in Gilb. Ann., Pogg. Ann. and Schweig. Journ.
• Mundt, electrical machine of silken strips, [449]
• Mung-khi-py-than, [23], [29]
• Munich—München—Academie. See [Bavarian Academy].
• Munich—München—Royal Society, [381]
• Munichs, M. (at Gallitzin, D. A.), [243]
• Munk, Salomon, “Mélanges de philosophie Juive et arabe,” [39]
• Munk, William, “The roll of the College ...,” [91], [97], [105], [359]
• Munro, Alexander, [306], [332], [419]
• Murat, A. M., “Antiq. Italiana,” [36]
• Muratori, Ludovico Antonio, “Antiquitates Italiæ Medii Aevi.,” [539]
• Murhard, Fr. W. A., “Versuch einer historisch-chronologischen bibliographie des magnetismus”: Kassel, 1797.
• Muriates produced by galvanic decomposition of water, [392]
• Murray, Dr. John (d. 1820), [428]
• Murray, J. (Phil. Mag., LIV. 39), [314], [424]
• Murray, Lord George (1761–1803), [316], [389], [437]
• Murray, John (1756–1851) (at Oersted, H. C.), [455], and at [419], [428–429]
• Musæum Regalis Societatis. See [Grew, Nehemiah].
• Musæum Septalianum. See [Terzagus].
• Muschmann—Musschman—M., Prof. of Chemistry at Christiana University, [442], [446]
• Musée de Chantilly, Manuscript of “La Cité de Dieu,” [xix]
• Musée Tyler, Haarlem, Archives.
• Museum d’histoire naturelle, Mémoires, [240], [288], [298], [300], [374]
• Musgrave William (1655–1721), Royal Society Transactions, [547]
• Muspratt, James Sheridan, “Chemistry,” [134]
• Musschenbroek—Musschenbroek—Petrus van (1692–1761), Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Leyden, “Essai de Physique,” “Recueil d’expériences,” [111], [138], [156], [173], [174], [175], [176], [191], [204], [270], [299], [320]
• Mydorge, Claude (1585–1647), [109]
• Mylius, J. Ch. (1710–1757), [320]
• Myrepsus. See [Nicolaus].