X
- Xenocrates of Chalcedon (396–314 B.C.), Greek philosopher, [543]
- Xenophanes of Colophon, contemporary of Anixamander and of Pythagoras (sixth century B.C.), [532]
- Xenophon, Athenian historian (c. 434–355 B.C.), [12], [43], [196].
- See Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire historique,” Vol. XVIII. p. 74
- Xerxes I (c. 519–465 B.C.), [4]
- Ximenes, Leonardo (1716–1786), “Osservazione dell’ Aurora boreale ...,” 1752–1753.
Y
- Yates and Hansteen (Vol. II. Whewell’s Hist. of Ind. Sc.), [446]
- Yatman, Matthew, “Familiar analysis ... electricity and galvanism ...”: London, 1810; “Letter ... on Davy’s Galvanic girdle”: London, 1811, [347]
- “Year Book of Facts in Science and the Arts,” discoveries in electricity, etc., commenced in London during 1838.
- Yelin, Chevalier Julius Konrad von (1771–1826), [327], [473], [477]
- Youmans, Dr. Edward Livingston, author of “Chemical Atlas,” 1856, [370]
- Young, Arthur (1741–1820), “Travels in France ...,” “Voyage Agronomique en France,” [285], [286]
- Young, C. A., in American Journal of Science, [140]
- Young, Dr. Matthew (1750–1800), “Analysis of the principles of natural philosophy,” [387], [405], [467]
- Young, Sir Thomas (1773–1829), “A course of lectures on natural philosophy and the mechanical arts”: London, 1807; “Catalogue,” [34], [54], [92], [140], [155], [206], [221], [225], [238], [239], [245], [249], [250], [256], [258], [259], [268], [271], [276], [277], [284], [290], [298], [308], [309], [310], [311], [313], [330], [340], [346], [359], [364], [369], [386], [388], [395–396], [431], [462], [468]
- Yue-tchang-che, Chinese writer, [3]
- Yule, Colonel Sir Henry (reviewer of Marco Polo’s Travels), [55]
Z
- Zaccaire—Zachaire—Zacharias—Denis (1510–1556), [553]
- Zaccaria, F. A., “Annali letterari ...,” “Storia della Elettricita ...”: Modena, 1762–1764.
- Zach, Franz Xavier, Baron von, “Zach. Mon. Corr. ...,” “Allg. ... Geographische Ephemeriden,” [462]
- Zachary, Bishop of Rome (d. A.D. 752), [523]
- Zahn, F. Joannes (1641–1707), [8], [145–146].
- His “Specula ...,” 3 Vols. 1696, gives a list of writers on the magnet.
- Zakarīyā-Ibn-Muhammad Al-Kazwīnī, on Aerolites (Nuova scelta d’Opuscoli, 9to, ii, 333).
- Zamboni, Giuseppe (1776–1846), [249], [257], [364], [388], [420], [447];
- Resti-Ferrari, G., “Elettroscopio ... del Zamboni”; Girolamo Ferrari’s review of the five volumes of the “Corso elementare di fisica,” published by R. Gerbi: Pisa, 1823–1825.
- Zamboni, G., and Fusinieri, A., “Sulla teoria ...”: Padova, 1834, [420]
- Zanon, Bartolomeo, “Intorno un punto ...”: Belluno, 1840, [257]
- Zanotii, Francesco Maria (1692–1777), [306], [308].
- See [Larcher].
- Zantedeschi, Francesco (1797–1873), [183], [257], [298], [423], [426], [449].
- See [Romagnosi], G. D.,
- also Giornale fisico-chimico; Annali di fisica: Padova, 1849–1850.
- Zedler, Johann Heinrich (at Erasmus, R.), [512] (1706–1760);
- “Grosses ... universal lexicon ...”
- “Zeitschrift des Deutsch-Oesterreichischen Telegraphen-Vereins,” commenced in Berlin during 1854 and was continued in 1872 as “Annalen der Telegraphie ...”
- Zeitschrift für Ægyptische Sprache und Alterthumskunde, [14]
- Zeitschrift für Angewandte Elektricitätslehre, edited by Carl, Ph., and Uppenborn, F., Jr.
- Zeitschrift für mathematischen und naturw. ... von Hoffmann: Leipzig, 1870–1876.
- Zeitschrift für physik und mathematik, edited by Ettinghausen, A. von, and Baumgartner, Andreas, 10 Vols. published at Wien, 1806–1832, [432], [476]
- Zeitschrift für physikalische chemie. See [Ostwald, F. W.]
- Zeitschrift für populare mittheilungen ..., von Peters, C. A. F.: Altona, 1858–1869, [446]
- Zeller, Dr. Edward (1814–1908), “History of Greek Philosophy,” “Philosophie der Griechen,” [510], [511]
- Zend-Avesta (religious book of the Parsees), [541], [542]
- Zendrini, B. (at John Dalton), [308]
- Zenger, M. W. (Sc. Am. Suppl., p. 10915), [139]
- Zeno of Citium, founder of the Stoics, flourished in Cyprus during third century B.C., and is said to have lived 92 years, [543]
- Zeno of Elea, the adopted son of Parmenides, born about 500 B.C., [543]
- Zeno, Pietro Caterino, “Giornale de Letterati, d’Italia,” 1710, [506]
- Zetzsche, Karl Eduard (1830–1894), “Geschichte der Elektrischen Telegraphie,” [316], [384], [421], [439]
- Zetzell, P., “Anmerkung von der lahmheit,” 1755, [264], [386]
- Ziemssen, H. (at Thillaye-Platel), [386]
- Zimmermann, Wilhelm Ludwig (1780–1825) (Gilb. Annalen, Vol. 28, p. 483).
- Zodiacal Light, [141–142], [380]
- Zohron and Aphron, [33], [35]
- Zöllner, J. K. Friedrich, “Theory of Comets” (Auszug. in Pog. Ann., CIX. 1860), [140]
- Zoroaster—Zarath ’ustra—Zerdusht (c. 589–513 B.C.), [520], [542], [544].
- See Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” Vol. VIII. p. 115.
- Zosimus, Greek historian, who lived under Theodosius II (401–450), is the first to call attention to the electrolytic separation of metals, [24].
- See Moreri, Louis, “Grand Dictionnaire Historique,” Vol. VIII. p. 116.
- Zuccala, G. (at Volta, Alessandro), [248]
- Zucchi, Nicolo—Zucchius Nicolaus—“Nova de machini philosophia,” 1649, [146], [554]
- Zuchold, E. A., “Bibliotheca Historico-Naturalis ...”: Göttingen.
- Zurich, “Repertorium für organische chemie.” See [Löwig, C. von].
- Zwinger, F. (at Thillaye-Platel), [385]
- Zwinger, Theodor, “Scrutinum Magnetis” (1658–1724), [554]
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Touching the antiquity of the Chinese nation, the distinguished French author, J. P. Pauthier (“Chine,” Paris, 1839, pp. 20, 27), thus expresses himself: “Son histoire authentique qu’elle fait remonter avec ce charactère de certitude, jusqu’à la 61e année du règne de Hoang-ti, la première de leur premier cycle, 2637 ans avant notre ère.... Le cycle de 60 années dont les séries se suivent depuis la 61e année du règne de Hoang-ti, sans interruption et avec autant de régularité que les siècles dans les computs Européens.” And Saillant et Nyon (“Mémoires concernant l’histoire,” Vol. XIII. p. 76) add conclusively: “Depuis l’année courante (1769) jusqu’à la 2637e avant l’ère Chrétienne, qui répond exactement à la 61e du règne de Hoang-ti, on peut sans crainte de s’égarer, suivre un des plus beaux sentiers de l’histoire, pendant l’espace de 4406 ans.”
Incidentally, we may add that in his “History of Chaldea,” New York, 1866, pp. 195, 213, 364, Mr. Z. A. Ragozin says that that country can point to a monumentally recorded date nearly 4000 B.C.—more than Egypt can do—and he says, furthermore, “we cannot possibly accept a date later than 4000 B.C. for the foreign immigration, and, for the Shumiro-Accadian culture, less than 1000 years, thus taking us as far back as 5000 B.C. The date of 3750 B.C. is that of Naram-Sin, and 3800 B.C. is now generally accepted for Sargon of Agadê—perhaps the remotest authentic date yet arrived at in history. To such as are inclined to doubt the authenticity of these early dates, as well as the truthfulness of “the mensuration of divine periods,” and of “the observations of celestial bodies throughout the whole of time,” it will be interesting to note the following, taken from the Greek “Iamblichus” translation of Thomas Taylor, Chiswick, 1821, p. 318: “Proclus (in Tim., lib. iv. p. 277) informs us that the Chaldeans had observations of the stars which embraced whole mundane periods ... likewise confirmed by Cicero, who says (in his first book on Divination) that they had records of the stars for the space of 370,000 years, and by Diodorus Siculus (‘Bibl.,’ lib. xi. p. 118), who states that their observations comprehended the space of 473,000 years!”
[2] “Le monument le plus ancien (de pierre sculptée) signalé par le King-che-so porte sur une façade cette scène d’histoire: ‘Tcheou-Choung, régent de l’empire pendant la minorité de son neveu Tching-Ouang (1110 av. J. C.) reçoit les envois du roi des Yue-tchang-che.... Les anciens auteurs Chinois rapportent que ces ambassadeurs offrirent à la cour de Chine des éléphants et des faisans blancs et que pour leur retour Tcheou-Koung leur fit présent de chars qui montraient le sud.’” (“L’art Chinois,” par M. Paléologue, Paris, 1888, pp. 132–134; J. P. Pauthier, “Chine,” p. 87.)