Canada (1535-Present Day)

by Unknown

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1.	A Great Land of Rivers and Lakes	Speech by Lord Dufferin	[1]
2.	Jacques Cartier at Hochelaga, 1535	Lescarbot's "History"	[3]
3.	The French Settlement at St. Croix, 1604	""	[5]
4.	"The Ancient Mariner," 1631-2	T. James's "Voyage"	[7]
5.	Two English Explorers in Hudson Bay, 1631	"The North-West Fox"	[8]
6.	The Birthday of Montreal, 1642	F. Parkman	[10]
7.	Governor Frontenac Leads the War-Dance, 1690	"	[11]
8.	Madelaine de Verchères, 1696	Her Own Narrative	[13]
9.	The French Canadians, 1737 (in French)	Memoir by G. Hocquart	[17]
10.	The "White" Men of the Prairies, 1738	La Vérendrye's "Journal"	[18]
11.	The Expulsion of the Acadians, 1755	Lieut.-Gov. Lawrence's Circular Letter	[21]
12.	The Conquest of Canada, 1757-60	H. Walpole's "Letters"	[23]
13.	The Siege of Quebec, 1759	"Gentleman's Magazine	[26]
14.	Wolfe's Difficulties, 1759	""	[28]
15.	The Plains of Abraham, 1759	Capt. J. Knox's "Journal"	[30]
16.	The Government of Quebec under the British, 1763-74	Shortt and Doughty's "Const. Docts."	[33]
17.	The Coppermine River, 1771	S. Hearne's "Journey"	[35]
18.	The Quebec Act, 1774	Shortt and Doughty's "Const. Docts."	[37]
19.	One of the Loyalists, 1783	Transactions of U.E. Loyalists' Association	[38]
20.	The Mackenzie River, 1789	Sir A. Mackenzie's "Voyages"	[41]
21.	The Constitutional Act, 1791	Shortt and Doughty's "Const. Docts."	[43]
22.	To the Pacific Overland, 1793	Sir A. Mackenzie's "Voyages"	[45]
23.	A Servant of the North-West Company, 1800	Masson's "Bourgeois du Nord-Ouest"	[48]
24.	The Beaver, 1807	G. Heriot's "Travels"	[49]
25.	A Rapid on the Fraser River, 1808	Masson's "Bourgeois du Nord-Ouest"	[52]
26.	Laura Secord, 1813	Her Own Narrative	[54]
27.	Lundy's Lane, 1814	"The Annual Register"	[55]
28.	Attack on Lord Selkirk's Colony, 1816	A "Statement" published in 1817	[57]
29.	Proposed Union of the Canadas, 1822	Canadian Archives Report, 1897	[59]
30.	The Founding of Guelph (Ontario), 1827	The Autobiography of John Galt	[62]
31.	Sam Slick criticises the "Bluenoses," 1836	T. C. Haliburton's "The Clockmaker"	[64]
32.	A Struggle not of Principles but of Races, 1838	Sir C. Lucas's edition of Lord Durham's Report	[67]
33.	The French Canadians in 1838	Sir C. Lucas's edition of Lord Durham's Report	[69]
34.	The Irresponsible Opposition in Lower Canada, 1838	Sir C. Lucas's edition of Lord Durham's Report	[71]
35.	Durham's Recommendations	Sir C. Lucas's edition of Lord Durham's Report	[73]
36.	Durham Resigns and Appeals to Public Opinion	1839 edition of the "Report and Despatches"	[75]
37.	The Evils of the Old Colonial System, 1839	J. Howe's "Letters and Public Speeches"	[77]
38.	The Benefits of Responsible Government	J. Howe's "Letters and Public Speeches"	[79]
39.	The Union Act, 1840	Houston's "Documents"	[80]
40.	Edmonton in 1841	Sir G. Simpson's "Journey"	[81]
41.	The Mohawk Indians in Ontario, 1842	J. R. Godley's "Letters from America"	[84]
42.	The Position of the Governor, 1854	Elgin's "Letters and Journals"	[86]
43-45. The Confederation Debates, 1865		Debates in the Parliament of Canada	[87]
46.	The British North America Act, 1867	Egerton's "Federations and Unions"	[91]
47.	The Work of the Hudson Bay Company (to 1869)	Paper by Lord Strathcona	[96]
48.	Red River Rebellion, 1870	Lord Wolseley's "Story of a Soldier's Life"	[98]
49.	Entering the Rockies, 1872	"Ocean to Ocean," by G. M. Grant	[100]
50.	The Destiny of Canada (1873)	"Ocean to Ocean," by G. M. Grant	[102]
51.	Tariff Reform in Canada in 1876	Speech by Sir J. A. Macdonald	[104]
52.	Prairie Greyhounds (since 1885)	Poem by E. Pauline Johnson	[105]
53.	Laurier's Tribute to Macdonald, 1891	Speech in Canadian House of Commons	[106]
54.	Canadian Troops in the Boer War, 1900	Speech in Canadian House of Commons	[108]
55.	Pioneers of the Railway, 1910	Talbot's "Making of a Great Canadian Railway"	[110]
56.	Canadian Naval Policy, 1912	"The Times" Supplement	[112]
57.	Canadian Streams	Poem by C. G. D. Roberts	[115]
	Notes on Persons named in the Extracts		[117]

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CANADA
(1535—Present-day)

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[1. A GREAT LAND OF RIVERS AND LAKES.]

Source.—A Speech delivered by Lord Dufferin at Winnipeg, quoted in Round the Empire, by Mr. G. R. Parkin. London, 1893.

As a poor man cannot live in a big house, so a small country cannot support a big river.

Now to an Englishman or a Frenchman the Severn or the Thames, the Seine or the Rhone, would appear considerable streams; but in the Ottawa, a mere affluent of the St. Lawrence, an affluent, moreover, which reaches the parent stream six hundred miles from its mouth, we have a river nearly five hundred and fifty miles long, and three or four times as big as any of them.

But even after having ascended the St. Lawrence itself to Lake Ontario, and pursued it across Lake Erie, St. Clair, Lake Huron, and Lake Superior to Thunder Bay—a distance of fifteen hundred miles, where are we? In the estimation of a person who has made the journey, at the end of all things; but to us, who know better, scarcely at the beginning of the great fluvial systems of the Dominion; for from that spot, that is to say, from Thunder Bay, we are able at once to ship our astonished traveller on to the Kaministiquia, a river of some hundred miles long. Thence, almost in a straight line, we launch him on to Lake Shebandowan and Rainy Lake and River—a magnificent stream three hundred yards broad and a couple of hundred miles long, down whose tranquil bosom he floats to the Lake of the Woods, where he finds himself on a sheet of water which, though diminutive as compared with the inland seas he has left behind him, will probably be found sufficiently extensive to render him fearfully sea-sick during his passage across it.