-ade, noun suffix, the L. -ata, which in popular French words appears as -ée, becomes -ade in words borrowed from the Provençal, Spanish, Portuguese, and even Italian, as in accolade, gasconade. Also we have ambassade, ambuscade, balustrade, brigade, cascade, &c. from French, words in -ade. Examples of words formed in imitation of these in English itself are blockade, orangeade.
-age, ending of abstract nouns, as homage; marks place where, as vicarage;—of English formation, bondage, brewage, parsonage. [L. -aticum; Fr. -age.]
-ain, -an, -en, -on, noun suffixes, as villain, pagan, warden, surgeon. [L. -anus.]
-al, adj. suffix, as annual, legal, mortal, cardinal;—of English or French formation, circumstantial, cordial, national. Noun suffix, as approval, denial, removal, betrothal. Latin nouns in -alia (neut. pl.) which survived into Old French became -aille (fem. sing.), adopted in Middle English as -aylle, -aille, later -aile, -al, as Latin sponsālia, O. Fr. espousailles, M. E. spousaille, spousal; L. battālia, O. Fr. bataille, M. E. bataille, batail, battle. On this analogy, -aille, -ail, -al, became a formative of nouns of action on verbs of French or Latin, and even of Teutonic, origin. [L. -alis; Fr. -al, -el.]
-an, -ain, -ane, adj. suffix, as human, certain, humane;—of English formation, Anglican, suburban. Noun suffix [L. -anus; Fr. -ain, -en], as publican, veteran. [L. -anus; Fr. -ain, -en.]
-ana, things belonging to, such as sayings, anecdotes, &c., as Johnsoniana, Burnsiana. [L. neut. pl. of adjs. in -anus. See -an.]
-ance, -ence (L. -antia, -entia, Fr. -ance), noun suffix, as in arrogance, repentance, experience, penitence.
-ancy, -ency, a modern English differentiated form of the earlier -ance, expressing more distinctly the sense of quality, state, or condition, often belonging to Latin substantives in -ntia, as in elegantia, 'elegantness,' as distinct from the sense of action or process, regularly expressed by the French form -ance, as in aidance, guidance. The modern tendency is to confine -nce to action, and to express quality or state by -ncy; cf. compliance, pliancy, annoyance, buoyancy.
-and, -end, noun suffix, as viand, legend. [L. -andus, -endus, gerundial suffix.]
-aneous, belonging to, as extraneous. [L. -aneus.]