-il, -ile, able, as civil, ductile. [L. -ĭlis, from verbal roots, -īlis, from noun-stems; to be distinguished from -ile (below). See -able.]
-ile, belonging to, as Gentile. [L. -ilis.]
-im, pl. suffix, as cherubim. [Heb. îm.]
-ina, fem. suffix, as czarina. [See -en, fem.]
-ine, fem. suffix, as heroine. [See -en, fem.]
-ine, -in, noun suffix, as ravine, medicine, cousin; much used in chemical compounds, as iodine, glycerine, bromine. Also adj. suffix, as adamantine, divine. [L. -inus, -ina; Fr. -in.]
-ing, suffix of present participles (often used as adjectives), as loving, charming. [Corr. of A.S. -ende, which, as also -ande, it replaced. See -nd, also -ant, -ent.]
-ing, noun suffix, forming nouns of action from verbs, as living, dwelling; these often acquire a concrete sense, as learning. [A.S. -ung, -ing; Ger. -ung.]
-ing, representing Teut. ingoz (masc.), with several functions—(1) -ing (A.S. -ing), patronymic æðeling (the son of a noble), cyning (lit. 'son of a king,' cyne = king), Elising (the son of Elisa). This suffix is preserved in proper names, as Harding, Manning; esp. in place-names, as Billingsgate, Reading. (2) -ing is also found in names of animals, as in herring, whiting. (3) -ing in names of coins has also a sense of diminution, as in farthing (the fourth part, viz., of a penny), shilling.
-ion, -sion, -tion, -son, -som, being, state of being, as opinion, rebellion, religion, tension, poison, ransom, reason, season, creation. [L. -io, -tio, -sio; Fr. -ion, -sion, -tion.]