Discussion of the theories of distinguishing between mating and parenthood and of crisis psychology may be found in articles by the writer in the International Journal of Ethics, July, 1915, January, 1916, October, 1917, and in The American Anthropologist, March, 1916, and The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods, March, 1918.
“The Behaviour of Crowds” by E. D. Martin, and “French Ways and Their Meaning” by Edith Wharton are recent books that the reader of a comparative turn of mind will find of interest, and if he is not already familiar with the writings of the Early Christian Fathers I commend to him some browsing in the “Ante-Nicene Christian Library” and the “Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers.”
E. C. P.
THE FAMILY
For statistical facts which have a bearing on the tendencies of the family in the United States, the following group of sources has been consulted:
“Abstract of the Census, 1910;” the preliminary sheets of the “Census of 1920;” Report on “Marriage and Divorce in 1916,” published by the Bureau of the Census; Bulletin of the Woman’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labour on “What Became of Women Who Went Into War Industries;” Bulletin of the U. S. Department of Agriculture on “The Farm Woman;” Bulletin of the U. S. Children’s Bureau on “Standards of Child Welfare.” Economic aspects of the family and income data were acquired from “Conditions of Labour in American Industries,” by Edgar Sydenstricker, and “The Wealth and Income of the People of the United States,” by Willford I. King. For facts concerning longevity, the aid of the Census was supplemented by “The Trend of Longevity in the United States,” by C. H. Forsyth, in the Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 128. For the long biological perspective to counteract the near-sighted view of the Census, “The New Stone Age in Northern Europe,” by John M. Tyler may be commended. Psychological aspects of family relationships are discussed in a scientific and stimulating way in the published “Proceedings of the International Women Physicians’ Conference, 1919.”
K. A.
RACIAL MINORITIES
No author or group of authors has yet attempted to treat in any systematic and comprehensive way the position and the problem of the several racial minorities in the United States. A perfect bibliography of existing materials on the subject would be most helpful, but it could not make good the existing shortage of fact, and of thoughtful interpretation.
The anthropological phase of the subject is discussed with authority by Franz Boas in “The Mind of Primitive Man” (Macmillan, 1913), and by Robert H. Lowie in “Culture and Ethnology” (McMurtrie, 1917). Some information on racial inter-marriage is to be found in Drachsler’s “Democracy and Assimilation—The Blending of Immigrant Heritages in America” (Macmillan, 1920). Among recent reports of psychological tests of race-difference, the following are of special interest: “A Study of Race Differences in New York City,” by Katherine Murdock, (School and Society, vol. XI, no. 266, p. 147, 31 January, 1920); “Racial Differences in Mental Fatigue,” by Thomas R. Garth (Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. IV, nos. 2 and 3, p. 235, June-Sept. 1920); “A Comparative Study in the Intelligence of White and Colored Children,” by R. A. Schwegler and Edith Winn (Journal of Educational Research, vol. II, no. 5, p. 838, December, 1920); “The Intelligence of Negro Recruits,” by M. R. Trabue (Natural History, vol. XIX, no. 6, p. 680, 1919); “The Intelligence of Negroes at Camp Lee, Virginia,” by George Oscar Ferguson, Jr. (School and Society, vol. IX, no. 233, p. 721, 14 June, 1919); and the Government’s official report of all the psychological tests given in the cantonments (“Memoirs of the National Academy of Science,” vol. XV, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1921).