UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
Wildlife Research Report 11
Washington, D.C. • 1979
Dedicated to the Memory
of
Robert D. Bergman, Leonard A. Boughton, and J. Larry Haddock, Wildlife Biologists of the Fish and Wildlife Service, and Robert Johnson, Pilot of the Office of Aircraft Services, all of the U.S. Department of the Interior, who perished in the Gulf of Alaska on 30 September 1974 while conducting aerial surveys of marine birds,
and to
Einar Brun, Professor of Zoology in Tromsø University and a contributor to these proceedings, who perished in the Vega Sea on 13 July 1976 when returning from making aerial surveys of marine birds.
Contents
| Page | |
|---|---|
| Foreword, by Harvey K. Nelson | [vii] |
| Introduction, by Lynn A. Greenwalt | [ix] |
| Marine Environment of Birds | [1] |
| Long-term Climatic and Oceanographic Cycles Regulating Seabird Distributions and Numbers, by M. T. Myres | [3] |
| Sea Ice as a Factor in Seabird Distribution and Ecology in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and Bering Seas, by George J. Divoky | [9] |
| Status of Marine Bird Populations | [19] |
| Distribution and Status of Marine Birds Breeding Along the Coasts of the Chukchi and Bering Seas, by James C. Bartonek and Spencer G. Sealy | [21] |
| Breeding Distribution and Status of Marine Birds in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, by Palmer C. Sekora, G. Vernon Byrd, and Daniel D. Gibson | [33] |
| The Historical Status of Nesting Seabirds of the Northern and Western Gulf of Alaska, by LeRoy W. Sowl | [47] |
| Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds of Southeastern Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington, by David A. Manuwal and R. Wayne Campbell | [73] |
| The Biology and Ecology of Marine Birds in the North | [93] |
| Trophic Relations of Seabirds in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea, by David G. Ainley and Gerald A. Sanger | [95] |
| Population Dynamics in Northern Marine Birds, by William H. Drury | [123] |
| Time-energy Use and Life History Strategies of Northern Seabirds, by Erica H. Dunn | [141] |
| Zoogeography and Taxonomic Relationships of Seabirds in Northern North America, by M. D. F. Udvardy | [167] |
| Conflicts Between the Conservation of Marine Birds and Uses of Other Resources | [171] |
| Social and Economic Values of Marine Birds, by David R. Cline, Cynthia Wentworth, and Thomas W. Barry | [173] |
| Resource Development Along Coasts and on the Ocean Floor: Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation, by Donald E. McKnight and C. Eugene Knoder | [183] |
| Mortality to Marine Birds Through Commercial Fishing, by Warren B. King, R. G. B. Brown, and Gerald A. Sanger | [195] |
| Interactions Among Marine Birds and Commercial Fish in the Eastern Bering Sea, by Richard R. Straty and Richard E. Haight | [201] |
| Interrelations Between Seabirds and Introduced Animals, by Robert D. Jones, Jr., and G. Vernon Byrd | [221] |
| Oil Vulnerability Index for Marine Oriented Birds, by James G. King and Gerald A. Sanger | [227] |
| Programs and Authorities Related to Marine Bird Conservation | [241] |
| Programs and Authorities Related to Marine Bird Conservation in Washington State, by Ralph W. Larson | [243] |
| Programs and Authorities of the Province of British Columbia Related to Marine Bird Conservation, by W. T. Munro and R. Wayne Campbell | [247] |
| Petroleum Industry's Role in Marine Bird Conservation, by Keith G. Hay | [251] |
| Conservation of Marine Birds in Other Lands | [259] |
| Conservation of Marine Birds in New Zealand, by Gordon R. Williams | [261] |
| Marine Birds in the Danish Monarchy and Their Conservation, by Finn Salomonsen | [267] |
| Present Status and Trends in Population of Seabirds in Norway, by Einar Brun | [289] |
| Symposium Summary | [303] |
| Conservation of Marine Birds of Northern North America—a Summary, by Ian C. T. Nisbet | [305] |
| Appendix. Papers and oral summaries presented at the symposium but which do not appear in this publication | [319] |