TABLE I.

FACTS IN RELATION TO COTTON—ITS GROWTH, MANUFACTURE, AND INFLUENCE ON COMMERCE, SLAVERY, EMANCIPATION, ETC., CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED.

Years.Great Britain Annual
Import and Consumption
of Cotton,
from earliest dates
to 1858, in lbs.		United States'
Annual Exports
Cotton to
Great Britain
and Europe
generally.
1641
1697
1701
1700
to
1705
1710
1720
1730
1741
1751
1764
1771
to
1775
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
Cotton manufacture first
named in English
history.
Total Imports.
1,976,359
1,985,868
} 1,170,881
715,008
1,972,805
1,545,472
1,645,031
2,976,610
3,870,392
} 6,766,613
5,198,778
11,828,039
9,735,663
11,482,083
18,400,384
19,475,020
23,250,268
20,467,436
32,576,023
31,447,605
28,706,675
34,907,497
19,040,929
24,358,567
26,401,340
23,126,357
23,354,371
31,880,641
43,379,278
56,010,732
56,004,305
60,345,600
53,812,284
61,867,329
59,682,406
58,176,283
74,925,306
43,605,982
92,812,282
132,488,935
91,576,535
63,025,936
50,966,000
73,728,000
96,200,000
97,310,000
126,240,000
Total Consumption.
109,902,000
109,518,000
120,265,000
129,029,000
145,493,000
154,146,000
165,174,000
166,831,000
150,213,000
197,200,000
217,860,000
219,200,000
247,600,000
262,700,000
276,900,000
287,000,000
303,000,000
326,407,692
363,684,232
367,564,752
477,206,108
445,744,000
517,254,400
460,387,200
477,339,200
555,214,400
570,731,200
626,496,000
624,000,000
442,416,000
602,160,000
624,000,000
606,000,000
648,000,000
817,998,048
746,376,848
761,646,704
775,814,112
877,225,440
837,406,300
884,733,696
. . . . . . . . . . .


1747-48, 7 bags of
Cotton were shipped
from Charleston, S. C.,
to England.
1770, 2,000 lbs. shipped
from Charleston.
71 bags shipped
and seized in
England, on the
ground that America
could not produce
so much.
lbs. 189,316
500,000
1,601,760
6,276,300
6,100,000
3,800,000
9,330,000
9,500,000
17,789,803
20,900,000
27,500,000
41,900,000
38,900,000
40,330,000
37,500,000
66,200,000
12,000,000
53,200,000
93,900,000
62,200,000
29,000,000
19,400,000
17,800,000
83,000,000
81,800,000
95,660,000
92,500,000
88,000,000
127,800,000
124,893,405
144,675,095
173,723,270
142,369,663
176,449,907
204,535,415
294,310,115
210,590,463
264,837,186
298,459,102
276,979,784
322,215,122
324,698,604
384,717,907
387,358,992
423,631,307
444,211,537
595,952,297
413,624,212
743,941,061
530,204,100
584,717,017
792,297,106
663,633,455
872,905,996
547,558,055
527,219,958
814,274,431
1,026,602,269
635,381,604
927,237,089
1,093,230,639
1,111,570,370
987,833,106
1,008,424,601
1,351,431,827
1,048,282,475
1,118,624,012
1,372,755,006
Great Britain's sources of Cotton supplies other than the United States, with total Cotton crop of United States at intervals.Dates of Inventions promoting the growth and manufacture of Cotton, and of movements to elevate the African race.

Previous to 1791 Great Britain obtained her supplies of Cotton from the West Indies and South America, and the countries around the eastern parts of the Mediterranean. From that date she began to receive supplies from the U. S.



1786. Imports by Great Britain from—
Br. W. Indies,lbs. 5,800,000
Fr. and Spanish Colonies5,500,000
Dutch do.1,600,000
Portuguese do.2,000,000
Turkey and Smyrna,5,000,000
1789. Cotton crop of United States, 1,000,000 lbs.
1791. Imports by Great Britain from—
Br. West Indies,lbs. 12,000,000
Brazil,20,000,000
1794. Cotton crop of the U. S., 8,000,000 lbs.
1796. Cotton crop of the U. S., 10,000,000 lbs.
1798. India, the first imports from, 1,622,000 lbs.
1799. Cotton crop of the U. S., 20,000,000 lbs.
1800. Exports from—
India,lbs. 30,000,000
West Indies,17,000,000
Brazil,24,000,000
Elsewhere,7,000,000

1806. Cotton crop of the U. S., 80,000,000 lbs.

1812. War declared between the United States and Great Britain.

1815. Peace proclaimed between the United States and Great Britain.

1818. Cotton crop of the U. S., 125,000,000 lbs.

1821. Exports from—
West Indies,lbs. 9,000,000
Brazil,28,000,000
India,50,000,000
Turkey and Egypt,5,500,000
Elsewhere,6,000,000
1822. Cotton crop of the U. S., 210,000,000 lbs.
1828. Cotton crop of the U. S., 325,000,000 lbs.


Imports by Great Britain from West Indies,—
1829.lbs. 4,640,414
1830,3,449,249

1831,
2,401,685

1834,
2,296,525
1832. Imports by Great Britain from—
Brazil,lbs. 20,109,560
Turkey and Egypt,9,113,890
East Indies and Mauritius5,178,625
British West Indies.1,708,764
Elsewhere,964,933


1838. Imports by Great Britain from—
Brazil,lbs. 24,464,505
East Indies and Mauritius40,230,064
British West Indies,928,425
1840. Imports by Great Britain from—
British West Indies,lbs. 427,529
1841. Imports by Great Britain from India, 1835 to 1839, annual average, 57,600,000 lbs.
Imports by Great Britain, 1840 to 1844, during the Chinese war, 92,800,000 lbs.
1845. Do. from Egypt, 32,537,600 lbs.

1848. Imports by Great Britain from—
West Indies and Demarara,lbs. 3,155,600
Brazil and Portuguese Colonies40,080,400
East Indies,91,004,800
Imports by Great Britain from—
1849. East Indies,lbs. 72,800,000
1850. Do.123,200,000
1852. Do.84,022,432
1853. Do.180,431,496
1854. Do.119,835,968
1855. Do.145,218,976


1856. Imports by Great Britain from—
British East Indies,lbs. 180,496,624
Brazil,21,830,704
Egypt,34,399,008
1857. Imports from—
Brazil,lbs. 29,910,832
Egypt,24,532,256
1858. Imports from Brazil,lbs. 18,617,872
Do. Egypt,38,232,320
Previous to the invention of the machinery named below, all carding, spinning, and weaving of wool and cotton had been done by the use of the hand-cards, one-spindle wheels, and common hand-looms. The work, for a long period, was performed in families; but the improved machinery propelled by steam power, has so reduced the cost of cotton manufactures, that all household manufacturing has long since been abandoned, and the monopoly yielded to capitalists, who now fill the world with their cheap fabrics.

1762. Carding machine invented.
1767. Spinning Jenny invented.
1769. Spinning Roller-frame invented.
" Cotton first planted in the United States.
" Watt's Steam Engine patented.
1775. Mule Jenny invented.
1776. Virginia forbids foreign slave trade.
1780. Emancipation by Pennsylvania and Massachusetts.
1781. Muslins first made in England.
1784. Emancipation by Connecticut and Rhode Island.
1785. Watts' Engine improved and applied to cotton machinery.
First cotton mill erected, 1783.
1785. New York Abolition Society organized.
1786. Carding and spinning machines erected in Massachusetts.
1787. Power Loom invented.
" First Cotton mill erected in Beverly, Massachusetts.
" Pennsylvania Abolition Society formed.
" Slavery excluded from N. W. Territory, including Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, &c.
1789. Franklin issues an appeal for aid to instruct the free blacks.

1792.
Emancipation by New Hampshire.
1793. Cotton Gin invented.

1799.
Emancipation by New York.
1804. Do. New Jersey.
1800. Cotton consumed in the United States, 200,000 lbs.
1801. United States exported to—
France, lbs. 750,000
England 19,000,000
1803. Louisiana Territory acquired, including the region between the Mississippi river (upper and lower) and the Mexican line.
1805. United States export to France, 4,500,000 lbs.
1807. Fulton started his steamboat.
1808. Slave trade prohibited by United States and England.
1808. Cotton manufacture established in Boston.
1810. Cotton consumed in United States, 4,000,000 lbs.
1812. Two-thirds of steam engines in Great Britain employed in cotton spinning, etc.
1813. United States export to France, 10,250,000 lbs.
1815. Power Loom first used in United States.
1816. First steamboat crossed the British Channel.
1816. Power Loom brought into general use in England.
1817. Colonization Society organized.
1819. Florida annexed.
1820. Slave trade declared piracy by Congress.
1820. Emigrants to Liberia first sent.
1821. Benjamin Lundy published his "Genius of Universal Emancipation."

1823.
United States export to France, 25,000,000 lbs.
1824. Do. do. do. 40,500,000 lbs.
1825. New York and Erie Canal opened.
Production and manufacture of cotton now greatly above the consumption, and prices fell so as to produce general distress and stagnation, which continued with more or less intensity throughout 1828 and 1829. The fall of prices was about 55 per cent.—Encyc. Amer.
1826. Creek Indians removed from Georgia.
1829. Emancipation in Mexico.
1830. United States export to France, 75,000,000 lbs.
1831. Slave Insurrection in Virginia.
1832. Garrison declares war against the Colonization Society.
1832. Ohio Canal completed.
1833. Cotton consumption in France, 72,767,551 lbs.
1834. Emancipation in West Indies, commenced.
1834. Birney deserted the Colonization Society.
1835. United States export to France, 100,330,000 lbs.
1836. Gerrit Smith repudiates the Colonization Society.
1836. Cherokee and Choctaw Indians removed from Georgia, Mississippi, and Alabama.
1837. American Anti-Slavery Society had an income of $36,000, and 70 agents commissioned.
1838. Colonization Society had an income of only $10,900.
1840. Cotton consumed in the United States, 106,000,000 lbs.

1844.		 Value of cotton goods imported into the United States $13,286,830.

1845.		 Texas annexed.
1846. Mexican War.
1847. Gold discovered in California.
1848. New Mexico and California annexed.
1849. United States export to France, 151,340,000 lbs.
Do. Other Continental countries, 128,800,000 lbs.
1850. Cotton consumed in United States, 256,000,000 lbs.
1851. Value of United States cotton fabrics, $61,869,184.
1853. Value of cottons imported, $27,675,000.
1853. United States export to England, 768,596,498 lbs.
1853. Do. do. Continent, 335,271,064 lbs.
1855. United States export to Great Britain and North American Colonies, 672,409,874 lbs.
1855. Do. do. Continent, 322,905,056 lbs.
1855. Value of Cottons imported, $21,655,624.
The remaining statistics of this column can be found in the other Tables.

Note.—Our commercial year ends June 30: that of England January 1. This will explain any seeming discrepancy in the imports by her from us, and our exports to her.

N. B.—In 1781 Great Britain commenced re-exporting a portion of her imports of Cotton to the Continent; but the amount did not reach a million of pounds, except in one year, until 1810, when it rose to over eight millions. The next year, however, it fell to a million and a quarter, and only rose, from near that amount, to six millions in 1814 and 1815. From 1818, her consumption, only, of cotton, is given, as best representing her relations to slave labor for that commodity. After this date her exports of cotton gradually enlarged, until, in 1853, they reached over one hundred and forty-seven millions of pounds. Of this, over eighty-two millions were derived from the United States, and over fifty-nine millions from India. That is to say, of her imports of 180,431,000 lbs. in 1853, from India, she re-exported 59,000,000.

We are enabled to add, for our second edition, that the imports of Cotton into Great Britain, from India, for 1854, amounted to 119,835,968 lbs., of which 66,405,920 lbs. were re-exported; and that her imports from the same for 1855 amounted to 145,218,976 lbs., of which 66,210,704 lbs. were re-exported; thus leaving, for the former year, but 53,430,048 lbs., and for the latter but 79,008,272 lbs. of East India Cotton for consumption in England. The present condition of cotton supplies from India up to 1859, will be seen in the extracts from the London Economist.