BY

EDWARD S. HOLDEN,

PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS, U.S. NAVAL OBSERVATORY.

The variations between “MS. Troano” (wholly italicized) and “MS. Troano” (only title italicized), and between “Stephens’s” and “Stephens’” (with and without possessive “s”) are in the original.

For this e-text, a few mechanical changes were made to the large diagrams (called Plates) on pages 214-220. Parenthetical notations such as (right-hand side) are in the original; bracketed and italicized notations such as [left half] were added by the transcriber.

Plate LII was printed as a single table, with each long line of the original shown as a pair of lines bracketed together. It has been separated into left and right halves, with the “209” column shifted to the right (second) half.

Plates LIII and LIV were printed horizontally; each has been split in two.

Plate LVI, printed in two halves, has been redivided into three segments.

CONTENTS.