The stone statues at Copan, for example, could not all have been done by the same artist, nor at the same time. I have elsewhere shown that two of these statues are absolutely identical. How was this accomplished? Was one stone taken to the foot of the other and cut by it as a pattern? This is unlikely, especially as in the case mentioned the scale of the two statues is quite different. I think it far more likely that each was cut from a drawing, or series of drawings, which must have been preserved by priestly authority. The work at any one place must have required many years, and could not have been done by a single man; nor is it probable that it was all done in one generation. Separate hieroglyphs must have been preserved in the same way. It is this rigid adherence to a type, and the banishment of artistic fancy, which will allow of progress in the deciphering of the inscriptions or the comparison of the statues. Line after line, ornament after ornament, is repeated with utter fidelity. The reason of this is not far to seek. This, however, is not the place to explain it, but rather to take advantage of the fact itself. We may fairly say that were it not so, and with our present data, all advances would be tenfold more difficult.

[III.]
SYSTEM OF NOMENCLATURE.

It is impossible without a special and expensive font of type to refer pictorially to each character, and therefore some system of nomenclature must be adopted. The one I employ I could now slightly improve, but it has been used and results have been obtained by it. It is sufficient for the purpose, and I will, therefore, retain it rather than to run the risk of errors by changing it to a more perfect system. I have numbered the plates in Stephens’s Central America according to the following scheme:

ENGRAVINGS OF VOLUME I.
Page.
Stone Statue, front view, I have called Plate IFrontispiece.
Wall of Copan, Plate II96
Plan of Copan, Plate III133
Death’s Head, Plate IIIa135
Portrait, Plate IIIb136
Stone Idol, Plate IV138
Portrait, Plate IVa139
Stone Idol, Plate V140
Tablet of Hieroglyphics, Plate Va141
No. 1, Sides of Altar, Plate VI142
No. 2, Sides of Altar, Plate VII142
Gigantic Head, Plate VIII143
No. 1, Stone Idol, front view, Plate IX149
No. 2, Stone Idol, back view, Plate X150
Idol half buried, Plate XI151
No. 1, Idol, Plate XII152
No. 2, Idol, Plate XIII152
No. 1, Idol, Plate XIV153
No. 2, Idol, Plate XV153
Idol and Altar, Plate XVI154
Fallen Idol, Plate XVII155
No. 1, Idol, front view, Plate XVIII156
No. 2, Idol, back view, Plate XIX156
No. 3, Idol, side view, Plate XX156
Fallen Idol, Plate XXa157
Circular Altar, Plate XXb157
No. 1, Stone Idol, front view, Plate XXI158
No. 2, Stone Idol, back view, Plate XXII158
No. 3, Stone Idol, side view, Plate XXIII158
Great Square of Antigua Guatimala, Plate XXIIIa266
Profile of Nicaragua Canal, Plate XXIIIb412
ENGRAVINGS OF VOLUME II.
Page.
Stone Tablet, Plate XXIVFrontispiece.
Idol at Quirigua, Plate XXV121
Idol at Quirigua, Plate XXVI122
Santa Cruz del Quiché, Plate XXVII171
Place of Sacrifice, Plate XXVIII184
Figures found at Santa Cruz del Quiché, Plate XXIX185
Plaza of Quezaltenango, Plate XXX204
Vases found at Gueguetenango, Plate XXXI231
Ocosingo, Plate XXXII259
Palace at Palenque, Plate XXXIII309
Plan of Palace, Plate XXXIV310
Stucco Figure on Pier, Plate XXXV311
Front Corridor of Palace, Plate XXXVI313
No. 1, Court-yard of Palace, Plate XXXVIII314
No. 2, Colossal Bas-reliefs in Stone, Plate XXXIX314
East side of Court-yard, Plate XXXVII314
No. 1, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XL316
No. 2, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XLI316
No. 3, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XLII316
Oval Bas-relief in Stone, Plate XLIII318
Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XLIV319
General Plan of Palenque, Plate XLV337
Casa No. 1 in Ruins, Plate XLVI338
Casa No. 1 restored, Plate XLVII339
No. 1, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XLVIII340
No. 2, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate XLIX340
No. 3, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate L340
No. 4, Bas-relief in Stucco, Plate LI340
No. 1, Tablet of Hieroglyphics, Plate LII342
No. 2, Tablet of Hieroglyphics, Plate LIII342
Tablet on inner Wall, Plate LIV343
Casa di Piedras, No. 2, Plate LV344
Tablet on back Wall of Altar, Casa No. 2, Plate LVI345
Stone Statue, Plate LVII349
Casa No. 3, Plate LVIII350
Front Corridor, Plate LIX351
No. 1, Bas-reliefs in Front of Altar, Plate LX353
No. 2, Bas-reliefs in Front of Altar, Plate LXI353
Adoratorio or Altar, Plate LXII354
Casa No. 4, Plate LXIII355
House of the Dwarf, Plate LXIV420
Casa del Gobernador, Plate LXV428
Sculptured Front of Casa del Gobernador, Plate LXVI443
Egyptian Hieroglyphics, Plate LXVIII441
Top of Altar at Copan, Plate LXVIII = Va454
Mexican Hieroglyphical Writing, Plate LXIX454

In each plate I have numbered the hieroglyphs, giving each one its own number. Thus the hieroglyphs of the Copan altar (vol. i, p. 141) which I have called plate Va, are numbered from 1 to 36 according to this scheme—

123456
789101112
131415161718
192021222324
252627282930
313233343536

And the right hand side of the Palenque Cross tablet, as given by Rau in his memoir published by the Smithsonian Institution (1880), has the numbers—

202020212022202320242025
203020312032203320342035
204020412042204320442045
205020512052205320542055
******
******
308030813082308330843085

These are consecutive with the numbers which I have attached to the left-hand side, as given by Stephens. Whenever I have stated any results here, I have also given the means by which any one can number a copy of Stephens’s work in the way which I have adopted, and thus the means of testing my conclusions is in the hands of every one who desires to do so.

In cases where only a part of a hieroglyphic is referred to, I have placed its number in a parenthesis, as 1826 see (122), by which I mean that the character 1826 is to be compared with a part of the character 122. The advantages of this system are many: for example; a memorandum can easily be taken that two hieroglyphs are alike, thus 2072 = 2020 and 2073 = 2021. Hence the pair 2020–2021, read horizontally, occurs again at the point 2072–2073, etc. Horizontal pairs will be known by their numbers being consecutive, as 2020–2021; vertical pairs will usually be known by their numbers differing by 10. Thus, 2075–2085 are one above the other.