I. Smōl´dẽr ĭng: burning and smoking without flame. Căn´yȯns̝: deep gorges or hollows between steep banks, worn by water courses. Căr´rĭ ȯn: dead bodies of animals, unfit for food. Căn´nĭ bal: an animal that devours its own kind. Sāġe brŭsh: a low shrub which grows in great quantities on the plains of the Western United States. "Old Ephraim": a hunter's name for the grizzly bear.

II. ir: the bed of a wild beast. On the alert: on the lookout against danger. wl´dẽrs̝: large stones worn smooth by the action of water; rocks, rounded or not, carried by natural agencies far from their native bed. Wĭnd´fa̤ll: portion of a forest blown down in a wind storm. Quạr´ry̆: the animal hunted for. Spĕc´tẽr: ghost.


The spring is pleasant. The air is warm. Flowers are in blossom. The days and nights are equal.

Summer also will be pleasant. The air will be hot. Many flowers will be in blossom. The days will be long.

Winter was not so pleasant. The air was cold. The flowers were not in blossom. The days were short.


Which sentences tell (1) how things are now; (2) how they were; (3) how they will be?

Write these sentences as if (1) winter were here; (2) as if it were still to come.