| Free States. | Whites. | Free col. | Slaves. |
| Maine | 581,863 | 1,325 | |
| New Hampshire | 317,385 | 475 | |
| Vermont | 313,411 | 709 | |
| Massachusetts | 985,704 | 8,795 | |
| Rhode Island | 144,000 | 3,544 | |
| Connecticut | 363,305 | 7,486 | |
| New York | 3,049,457 | 47,937 | |
| New Jersey | 466,240 | 23,093 | 222 |
| Pennsylvania | 2,258,463 | 53,323 | |
| Ohio | 1,956,108 | 24,300 | |
| Indiana | 977,628 | 10,788 | |
| Illinois | 846,104 | 5,366 | |
| Iowa | 191,879 | 335 | |
| Wisconsin | 304,965 | 626 | |
| Michigan | 395,097 | 2,537 | |
| California | 163,200 | 1,800 | |
| Minnesota Territory | 6,038 | 39 | |
| Oregon Territory | 13,089 | 206 | |
| New Mexico Territory | 61,530 | 17 | |
| Utah Territory | 11,330 | 24 | 26 |
| Total | 13,406,394 | 192,745 | 248 |
| Slaveholding States | Whites. | Free col. | Slaves. |
| Delaware | 71,289 | 19,957 | 2,289 |
| Maryland | 418,590 | 74,077 | 90,368 |
| District of Columbia | 38,027 | 9,973 | 3,687 |
| Virginia | 895,304 | 53,829 | 472,528 |
| North Carolina | 533,295 | 27,196 | 283,412 |
| South Carolina | 274,623 | 8,900 | 384,984 |
| Georgia | 521,438 | 2,880 | 381,681 |
| Florida | 47,167 | 925 | 39,309 |
| Alabama | 426,507 | 2,272 | 342,892 |
| Mississippi | 205,758 | 899 | 309,898 |
| Louisiana | 255,416 | 17,537 | 239,021 |
| Texas | 154,100 | 331 | 58,161 |
| Arkansas | 162,068 | 589 | 46,982 |
| Tennessee | 756,893 | 6,271 | 239,461 |
| Kentucky | 761,688 | 9,736 | 210,981 |
| Missouri | 592,077 | 2,544 | 87,422 |
| Total | 6,224,240 | 235,916 | 3,198,076 |
The following table shows the population west of the Mississippi River.
| Western Louisiana | 207,787 |
| Texas | 212,592 |
| Arkansas | 209,639 |
| Missouri | 682,043 |
| Iowa | 192,214 |
| Minnesota Territory | 6,077 |
| New Mexico Territory | 61,505 |
| Utah Territory | 11,293 |
| Oregon Territory | 13,293 |
| California | 165,000 |
| Total | 1,761,530 |
The population of the Valley of the Mississippi, comprising Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana, is 9,090,688, of whom the free population is 7,614,031, and 1,476,657 are slaves.
The Ratio of Representation, as determined by the recent census, and a late Act of Congress, will be about 93,716, and the relative representation of the States in Congress for the next ten years, will be as follows:
| New York | 33 |
| Pennsylvania | 25 |
| Ohio | 21 |
| Virginia | 13 |
| Massachusetts | 11 |
| Indiana | 11 |
| Tennessee | 10 |
| Kentucky | 10 |
| Illinois | 9 |
| North Carolina | 8 |
| Georgia | 8 |
| Alabama | 7 |
| Missouri | 7 |
| Maine | 6 |
| Maryland | 6 |
| New Jersey | 5 |
| South Carolina | 5 |
| Mississippi | 5 |
| Connecticut | 4 |
| Michigan | 4 |
| Louisiana | 4 |
| Vermont | 3 |
| New Hampshire | 3 |
| Wisconsin | 3 |
| Rhode Island | 2 |
| Iowa | 2 |
| Arkansas | 2 |
| Texas | 2 |
| California | 2 |
| Florida | 1 |
| Delaware | 1 |
| Total | 233 |
Agriculture.—The following is a summary of the returns of the Census for a portion of the statistics obtained respecting agriculture:
Number of acres of land improved: 112,042,000
Value of farming implements and machinery: $151,820,273