In the movement series of the A and B sets, movements of parts of the body were chosen. But the number of such movements which a person can conveniently make while reading words shown through an aperture is limited, and as stated above no single word was ever used in two couplets. These were now exhausted. In the C set, therefore, movements employing objects were substituted. The objects lay on the table in a row in front of the subject, occupying a space about 50 cm. from left to right, and were covered by a black cambric cloth. They were thus all exposed at the same moment by the subject who, at a signal, laid back the cloth immediately before the series began, and in the same manner covered them at the end of the third presentation. Thus the objects were or might be all in view at once, and as a result the subject usually formed a single mental image of the four objects.
With this kind of material it was no longer necessary for the operator to show the subject in advance of the series what the movements were in order to avoid hesitation and confusion, for the objects were of such a nature as obviously to suggest in connection with the words the proper movements.
TABLE IV.
SHOWING RECALL AFTER TWO, NINE AND SIXTEEN DAYS FOR TWO SUBJECTS, AND AFTER FIVE HOURS AND TWENTY-ONE HOURS FOR FOUR OTHER SUBJECTS.
| Days. | Two. | Nine. | Sixteen | Two. | Nine. | Sixteen | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N. | O. | N. | O. | N. | O. | V. | M. | V. | M. | V. | M. | ||||||||||||||
| Series | M. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| C5-8 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| C9-12 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| C13-18 | 4 | 3 | (1) | 4 | 2 | (1) | 4 | 2 | (1) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
| Total | 3 | 11 | (1) | 13 | 9 | (1) | 12 | 5 | (1) | 9 | 11 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 5 | ||||||||||
| Per cent. | 81 | 73 | 81 | 60 | 75 | 33 | 56 | 69 | 50 | 56 | 38 | 31 | |||||||||||||
| Mo. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| C5-8 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | (1) | 4 | 3 | (1) | 2 | 2 | (1) | ||||||||||
| C9-12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| C13-16 | 0 | 0 | (1) | 0 | 0 | (1) | 0 | 0 | (1) | 1 | (1) | 4 | 1 | (1) | 2 | 0 | (1) | 0 | |||||||
| Total | 5 | 7 | (1) | 5 | 3 | (1) | 4 | 3 | (1) | 6 | (1) | 14 | (1) | 6 | (1) | 8 | (1) | 3 | (1) | 6 | (1) | ||||
| Per cent. | 31 | 46 | 31 | 20 | 25 | 20 | 40 | 93 | 40 | 53 | 20 | 40 | |||||||||||||
| Hours. | Five. | Twenty-one. | Five. | Twenty-one | |||||||||||||||||||||
| N. | O. | N. | O. | V. | M. | V. | M. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Series | S. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| C5-8 | 0 | (1) | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| C9-12 | 0 | (1) | 3 | 0 | (1) | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| C13-16 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | (1) | 3 | 3 | (1) | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 2 | (2) | 12 | 2 | (1) | 10 | 5 | 9 | (1) | 6 | 9 | (1) | |||||||||||||
| Per cent. | 14 | 75 | 14 | 63 | 33 | 60 | 40 | 60 | |||||||||||||||||
| Hn. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| C5-8 | 0 | (2) | 1 | 0 | (2) | 1 | 0 | (1) | 2 | 1 | (1) | 2 | (2) | ||||||||||||
| C9-12 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| C13-16 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | (1) | 0 | 2 | (1) | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 5 | (2) | 12 | 7 | (2) | 12 | 2 | (1) | 13 | (3) | 4 | (1) | 12 | (3) | |||||||||||
| Per cent. | 36 | 75 | 50 | 75 | 14 | 100 | 29 | 92 | |||||||||||||||||
| B. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| C5-8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| C9-12 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| C13-16 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 11 | 14 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||
| Per cent. | 69 | 88 | 69 | 88 | 56 | 69 | 56 | 88 | |||||||||||||||||
| Ho. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C1-4 | 3 | (1) | 2 | (2) | 3 | (1) | 2 | (2) | 0 | 3 | (1) | 0 | 1 | (1) | |||||||||||
| C5-8 | 3 | (1) | 4 | 3 | (1) | 4 | 3 | 3 | (1) | 3 | 3 | (1) | |||||||||||||
| C9-12 | 1 | (2) | 4 | 1 | (2) | 4 | 2 | (1) | 3 | (1) | 2 | (1) | 3 | (1) | |||||||||||
| C13-16 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | 7 | (4) | 12 | (2) | 7 | (4) | 12 | (2) | 7 | (1) | 13 | (3) | 7 | (1) | 11 | (3) | |||||||||
| Per cent. | 58 | 92 | 58 | 92 | 50 | 100 | 50 | 85 | |||||||||||||||||
The object series were also changed to conform to the movement series. Formerly the objects had been shown successively through the aperture and synchronously with their corresponding words; now they were on the table in front of the subject and all uncovered and covered at once as in the movement series. The subjects therefore had a single mental image of these four objects also.
In both the object and the movement series the objects as before were small and fairly uniform in size and so selected as not to betray to the subject their presence beneath the cloth in the I. test. In the II., III. and IV. tests there were no objects on the table.
The previous table shows the results of the C set. The figures give the number of couplets correct out of four; the figures in brackets give the number of indirect associations; the total number recalled in any series is their sum.
In the following summary the recall of M and Mo after two days and of S, Hu, B and Ho after twenty-one hours are combined.
SUMMARY FROM TABLE IV.