[78] Tigerstedt: loc. cit. p. 261.
[79] Fredericq: La pulsation du cœur chez le chien, no. 5. La comparaison du tracé du choc du cœur avec celui de la pression intraventriculaire, Travaux du Laboratoire de Liège, vol. 5, p. 67, 1896.
[80] Galenus: De pulsuum differentiis, lib. 1. c. 16.
[81] The amount of change in the base-line is the chief difference between the sphygmograms and the plethysmograms. It was stated recently that for this reason the plethysmograph could not be used for psychological experiments. An analysis of the mechanical conditions of these two instruments shows that also the sphygmogram must show some plethysmographic influences, and the author supplied experimental evidence for this result.
[82] More recent publications have taken this view. Cohn speaks of "Organgefühle des Gehirns," approaching Meynert's view on the causes of pleasure and pain. (P. Cohn: Gemüthserregungen und Krankheiten, pp. 23 and 50, 1903.) Cohn's book shows clearly that this theory belongs to the type of philosophical explanations. This is also suggested by Duprat who remarked the parallelism between the theories of James, Lange and Ribot, and the theories of certain Greek philosophers. (Duprat: "La psycho-physiologie des sentiments dans la philosophie ancienne," Archiv f. Geschichte d. Philosophie, vol. 18 (3), p. 395, 1905.)
[83] Attention may be called to the fact that this paper arranges the conventional seven degrees of feelings in an order opposite to that of the other papers of this volume; it follows still the earlier traditions of our laboratory, while the more recent investigations call very disagreeable 7 and very agreeable 1; the indifference point remains the same.—EDITOR.
[84] As Mach long ago pointed out, pleasant is a vague term and in itself does not serve as a true descriptive term. Pleasant here applies to both feeling for red and for yellow, but something more is needed to distinguish these very different feelings.
[85] "Irritating" as I shall use the word has no hedonic or algedonic significance.
[86] Stratton: Eye-Movements and Æsthetics of Visual Forms, Philosophische Studien, vol. 20, p. 350, 1902.
[87] MacDougall: Structure of Simple Rhythm Forms, Harvard Psych. Studies, vol. 1, p. 321, 1903.