| I.— | Copal varnish | 15 parts |
|---|---|---|
| Drying oil | 5 parts | |
| Turpentine (spirits) | 3 parts | |
| Oil of turpentine | 2 parts | |
| Liquefied glue | 5 parts |
Melt all together on a water bath until well mixed, and then add 10 parts slaked lime.
II.—Mix 100 parts finely powdered white litharge with 50 parts dry white lead, knead together 3 parts linseed oil varnish and 1 part copal varnish into a firm dough. Coat the side to be attached with this, removing the superfluous cement. It will dry quickly and become very hard.
| III.— | Copal varnish | 15 parts |
|---|---|---|
| Linseed-oil varnish | 5 parts | |
| Raw turpentine | 3 parts | |
| Oil of turpentine | 2 parts | |
| Carpenters’ glue, dissolved in water | 5 parts | |
| Precipitated chalk | 10 parts | |
| IV.— | Mastic gum | 1 part |
| Litharge, lead | 2 parts | |
| White lead | 1 part | |
| Linseed oil | 3 parts |
Melt together to a homogeneous mass. Apply hot. To make a thorough and reliable job, the letters should be heated to at least the temperature of the cement.
To Fix Gold Letters, Etc., Upon Glass.
II.—Take 1/2 quart of the best rum and 1/4 ounce fish glue, which is dissolved in the former at a moderate degree of heat. Then add 1/2 quart distilled water, and filter through a piece of old linen. The glass is laid upon a perfectly level table and is covered with this substance to the thickness of 1/8 inch, using a clean brush. Seize the gold leaf with a pointed object and place it smoothly upon the prepared mass, and it will be attracted by the glass at once. After 5 minutes hold the glass slightly slanting so that the superfluous mass can run off, and leave the plate in this position for 24 hours, when it will be perfectly dry. Now trace the letters or the design on a piece of paper, and perforate the lines with a thick needle, making the holes 1/16 inch apart. Then place the perforated paper upon the surface of the glass, and stamp the tracery on with powdered chalk. The paper pattern is then carefully removed, and the accurate design will remain upon the gold. The outlines are now filled out with an oily gold mass, mixed with a little chrome orange and diluted with boiled oil or turpentine. When all is dry the superfluous gold is washed off {19} with water by means of a common rag. The back of the glass is then painted with a suitable color.
Attaching Enamel Letters To Glass.
With a small knife or spatula apply the cement to the back of the letters, observing especial care in getting the mixture well and uniformly laid around the inside edges of the letter. In attaching the letters to the glass make sure to expel the air from beneath the characters, and to do this, work them up and down and sidewise. If the weather be at all warm, support the letters while drying by pressing tiny beads of sealing wax against the glass, close to the under side or bottom of the letters. With a putty knife, keenly sharpened on one edge, next remove all the surplus cement. Give the letters a hard, firm pressure against the glass around all edges to securely guard against the disruptive attacks of moisture.
The seepage of moisture beneath the surface of the letters is the main cause of their early detachment from the glass.