For Non-masticating Insects.
| Kerosene | 2 gallons |
| Common soap | 8 ounces |
| Water | 1 gallon |
Dissolve the soap in the water by the aid of heat, bring to the boiling point, and add the kerosene in portions, agitating well after each addition. This is conveniently done by means of the pump to be used for spraying the mixture.
For Scale Insects.
For the extermination of scale insects, resinous preparations are also employed, which kill by covering them with an impervious coating. Such a wash may be made as follows:
| Rosin | 3 1/2 pounds |
| Caustic soda | 1 pound |
| Fish oil | 8 ounces |
| Water | 20 gallons |
Boil the rosin, soda, and oil with a small portion of the water, adding the remainder as solution is effected.
For the San José scale a stronger preparation is required, the proportion of water being decreased by half, but such a solution is applied only when the tree is dormant.
Scale Insects On Orange Trees.
The oily washes are said to be the best for the use by the spraying method. “Kerosene emulsion” is a type of these washes. A formula published by the United States Department of Agriculture follows: Kerosene, 2 gallons; whale-oil soap, 1/2 pound; water, 1 gallon. The soap is dissolved in hot water, the kerosene added, and the whole thoroughly emulsified by means of a power pump until a rather heavy, creamy emulsion is produced. The quantity of soap may be increased if desired. The insecticide is applied by spraying the infected tree with an ordinary force pump with spraying nozzle.