Second. Change of views in regard to the intellectual, moral, and social status of the negro. The philanthropists used to tell of the cruelty and brutality of slave-holders to their slaves, and said that they had reduced the negroes to the lowest state of ignorance, barbarism, and bestiality. But in the reconstruction period the philanthropists underwent a radical change of views and discovered that these negroes, whom they had described as more savage and degraded than the barbarians on the Congo, were not merely enlightened, and civilized enough to be freemen and voters, but also to be United States Senators and Congressmen, Foreign Ministers, Consuls and Marshals, Governors of States, Judges, Members of State Cabinets, etc. I am glad that the philanthropists found out that the Old South had trained its slaves so carefully for these high and responsible duties. No other masters in the world's history ever gave such training to their slaves. The Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States are the grandest possible eulogies to the Old South.
But there was one great error in this training. The simple-hearted, confiding Southern masters, always careless of their own money, did not teach their slaves to be cautious about their investments, and tens of thousands of these credulous creatures put their money in a bank in Washington, established by the philanthropists, and lost it all.
Third. The development of great men. I love to hear the praises of the wonderful deeds of McClellan, Grant, Meade, and Hancock, for if they were such great warriors for crushing with their massive columns the thin lines of ragged Rebels, what must be said of Lee, the two Johnstons, Beauregard, and Jackson, who held millions at bay for four years with their fragments of shadowy armies?
Pile up huge pedestals and surmount them with bronze horses and riders in bronze. All the Union monuments are eloquent of the prowess of the ragged Rebels and their leaders. Suppose the tables had been turned, and that either of the five Southerners named above had been superior to his antagonists in all the appliances and inventions of war, and had been given, moreover, an excess of two million of men over them, how many statues, think ye, my countrymen, would there be of bronze warriors and prancing chargers?
The Congressmen from the Old South have voted liberally for all legitimate pension bills to Union Veterans, for they know what a tough job it was for the 2,859,132 Union soldiers, with their magnificent outfit, to overcome the seven hundred thousand Rebels, poorly fed, poorly clothed and poorly equipped. These pension bills are splendid tributes to the pluck, patience, perseverance, and fortitude of the chivalry of the Old South.
I love to hear the philanthropists praise Mr. Lincoln and call him the second Washington, for I remember that he was born in Kentucky, and was from first to last, as the Atlantic Monthly truly said, "a Southern man in all his characteristics." I love to hear them say that George H. Thomas was the stoutest fighter in the Union army, for I remember that he was born in Virginia. When the old lady of the Old South hears the eulogies upon these men she pushes back her spectacles that she may have a better view of the eulogists, and says: "These were my children." Then the old lady adds: "I have another son born in Kentucky, and he is not a stepson, nor did I raise him to die on a sour-apple tree."
[INDEX.]
Abercrombie, John, [580].
Adams, James H., [313].
Adams, John, [56], [74], [75], [84], [86], [573].
Adams, John Quincy, [52], [84], [237], [573].
Aiken, William, [331].
Alabama, [229], [306], [503], [513], [570].
Alamance, Battle of, [127], [576].
Alamance County, [67], [272], [296].
Alaska, [584].
Alexander, Addison, [571].
Alexander, Archibald, [571].
Alexander, B. S., [580].
Alexander, E. B., [580].
Alexander, E. P., [445].
Alexander, James W., [571], [583].
Alexander, Nathaniel, [259].
Alleghany Mountains, [229], [254].
Allston, R. F. W., [416].
Allston, Washington, [570].
Alston, Willis, [76], [77].
Amazon Valley, [347].
Amalgré Mountains, [437].
Amelia Court House, [516].
Amelia Springs, [516].
Amis, William, [80].
Anderson, Archer, [552].
Anderson, George B., [420], [451], [462], [463], [468], [496], [497], [498], [511], [530], [539], [543], [550].
Anderson, Robert, [580].
Anderson, R. H., [525], [550].
Anson County, [302].
Antietam, Battle of, see Sharpsburg.
Apache Indians, [437].
Appalachian Mountains, [229].
Appomattox, Account of Lee's Surrender at, by Bryan Grimes, [513]-523;
Appomattox, see also [500], [506], et seq.
Archdale, John, [131].
Archer, J. J., [423], [513], [514], [517], [518].
Archer, Stephenson, [287].
Arminians, [254].
Armstrong, John, [266].
Armstrong, Martin, [266].
Asbury, Francis, [254].
Ashe, John, [574].
Ashe, Samuel, [74], [266].
Ashe, Samuel A., [446].
Asheville, [229], [230].
Ashley, Lord, [130].
Askew, A. J., [307].
Atkins, Eleanor, [240].
Atkins, Smith D., [240].
Audubon, J. J., [570].
Augusta, [561].
Austria, [417], [581].
Averell, W. W., [478].
Avery, Alphonso C., [451];
his sketch of D. H. Hill, [524]-563.
Avery, C. M., [439], [528].
Avery, I. E., [451], [471].
Badger, Edmund, [182].
Badger, George Edmund, sketch of, by William A. Graham, [181]-207;
Badger's tribute to William Gaston, [208];
Badger's proposed Ordinance of Secession, [210]-212;
Badger's speech on Slavery and the Union, [213]-229;
Badger, G. E., see also [113], [126], [234], [235], [236], [237], [249], [270], [272], [290], [302], [330], [331], [337], [353], [369], [381], [422].
Badger, Lucretia, [182].
Badger, Thomas, [182].
Bailey, John L., [309].
Bainbridge, William, [578].
Baird, Bedent, [232].
Baird, Zebulon, [272].
Baker, Blake, [267], [273].
Baldwin, ——, [33], [34], [35].
Baltimore, [53], [415], [453], [502], [541], [564], [577].
Bancroft, George, [572].
Bankhead, H. C., [580].
Banks, N. P., [331], [476].
Baptists, [254].
Barnes, David A., [310], [311].
Barnett, William, [59], [60].
Barringer, D. M., [314], [415].
Batchelor, Joseph B., [313].
Battle, Cullen A., [483], [503], [506], [513], [514], [518].
Battle, James S., [389].
Battle, J. S., [482].
Battle, William H., his sketch of William Gaston, [150]-160.
Baxter, Richard, [389], et seq.
Beale vs. Askew, [307].
Beaufort, [119], [182], [185].
Beauregard, G. T., [561], [587].
Beaver Dam Creek, [230], [231].
Beaver Dam, Battle of, [443], [444], [445].
Bee, Bernard E., [526].
Beggarly, J. B., [468], [487].
Bell, John, [196], [199].
Benet, Stephen V., [571].
Benjamin, Judah P., [358], [359].
Bennett, Risden T., [464], [465], [466], [467], [473], [482].
Benton, Thomas H., his sketch of Nathaniel Macon, [81]-90;
Benton, T. H., see also [26], [346].
Bentonsville, Battle of, [534].
Berkeley, Sir William, [132].
Berlin, [415].
Berrien, John Macpherson, [196], [206].
Bertie County, [77].
Bethel (Big Bethel, and Little Bethel), Battle of, [530], [531], [532].
Bingham, William (Sr.), [414], [495].
Black Mountain, [251].
Black River, [531].
Blaine, James G., [584].
Blair, Francis P., Jr., [580].
Blakely, Johnston, [578].
Bledsoe, A. T., [571].
Bledsoe, Moses A., [313].
Blount's Creek, Skirmish at, [419].
Blount, Thomas, [258].
Blount, William, [71].
Blume, Benjamin B., [306].
Boddie, George, [378].
Boddie, Louisa, [378].
Boddie, Lucy W., [378].
Bonaparte, Joseph, [76].
Bonaparte, Napoleon, [76], [117].
Boonsboro, and Battle of Boonsboro, [498], [544], [546].
Booth, John Wilkes, [45].
Boston, [51], [194], [566], [574].
"Boston Tea Party," [574], [575].
Bottom's Bridge, [535], [551].
Boyd, [420], [424].
Boylan, William (Sr.), [264], [265], [270].
Boylan, William (Jr.), [459].
Bradley, ex parte, Ruffin's opinion in case of, [302]-305.
Bragg, Alexander J., [306].
Bragg, Braxton, [306], [552], [553], [555], [556], [557], [560].
Bragg, Dunbar, [306].
Bragg, Isabella M., [320].
Bragg, John, [306].
Bragg, Margaret, [306].
Bragg, Thomas (Sr.), [306].
Bragg, Thomas, sketch of, by Pulaski Cowper, [306]-322;
Bragg's account of a political debate, [322]-332;
see also [249].
Bragg, William, [306].
Branch, John, [117], [238], [291].
Branch, L. O'B., [313], [420], [528], [535].
Brandywine, Battle of, [576].
Brannan, J. M., [579].
Braxton, C. M., [476], [480].
Breckinridge, John C., [199], [230], [476], [477], [481], [553], [554], [556], [558], [573].
Bridgers, John L., [528].
Bridgers, T. B., [457].
Bridgers, R. R., [436].
Briggs, G. W., [468].
Bright, John, [425], [426].
British, Character of, J. J. Pettigrew's estimate of, [425]-430.
Broadnax, Robert, [285], [288].
Broad River, [119], [120].
Brooke, George M., [578].
Brooke, J. R., [571].
Broughton, Thomas G., [307].
Brown, John C., [556].
Browne, Peter, [270], [291].
Brunswick County, [574].
Bryan, Charlotte, [500].
Bryan, John H., [500].
Bryan, Samuel, [62], [69].
Bryan, William Jennings, his estimate of Z. B. Vance, [280]-283.
Buchanan, [477].
Buchanan, Franklin, [583].
Buchanan, James, [326], [342], [352], [573].
Buchanan, R. C., [579].
Buckner, S. B., [556].
Buford, Abraham, [61].
Buford Gap, [477].
Buford, John, [579].
Buford, N. B., [579].
Buncombe County, [229], [231], [233], [236], [251], [268], [269].
Bunker Hill (Va.), [420], [424], [480], [481].
Bunyan, John, [253].
Burgos, [75].
Burgwyn, Henry K. (Jr.), [422].
Burke County, [61], [236].
Burke, Edmund, [242].
Burke, Thomas, [68], [122], [135].
Burr, Aaron, [287].
Busbee, Perrin, [381].
Burke, Quentin, [381].
Bute County, [90].
Butler, A. P., [198].
Butler, William O., [310].
Butler, B. F., [531].
Cabarrus, Stephen, [257].
Cabarrus County, [336].
Cabeen, Nancy, [525].
Cabeen, Thomas, [525].
Caldwell, David, [72], [111], [112], [142].
Caldwell, Joseph, [234], [244], [298].
Calhoun, John C., [55], [117], [152], [206], [237], [342], [524], [568], [571], [573].
Calhoun, Patrick, [524].
California, [44], [223], [224], [226], [437].
Calvinists, [254].
Camden and Battle of Camden, [63], [67], [82], [83], [349].
Cameron, Benehan, [80].
Cameron, Duncan, [113], [235], [259], [268], [271], [273], [288], [289], [291].
Cameron, Paul C., [248], [318].
Campbell, James Mason, [415].
Campbell, William, [524].
Canada, [577].
Canadian troops, [581].
Canby, E. R. S., [579].
Canova's Statue of Washington, [260].
Cape Fear River, [119], [120], [551], [574].
Carden, John, [62].
Carey, J. B., [531].
Carlisle, [449].
Carraway, D. T., [455].
Carroll, Charles, [566].
Carroll, Samuel L., [579].
Carter Hall, [80].
Cashtown, [450].
Cass, Lewis, [196], [225], [227], [310], [427].
Casso, Peter, [267], [277].
Castle Pinckney, [417].
Caswell County, [67], [111], [284].
Caswell, Richard, [59], [71], [74], [135], [240], [576].
Catawba River, [63], [66], [78], [79], [119], [120].
Cathcart, William, [236].
Cavour, Count, [417].
Cedar Creek and Battle of Cedar Creek, [485], [490], [492].
Cedar Run, Battle of, [446].
Cemetery Hill, [451], [452].
Cemetery Heights, [470].
Chambersburg, [449], [450].
Chancellors Hill, [468].
Chancellorsville, Battle of, [447], [462], [466], [467], [468], [469], [470], [498].
Channing, W. E., [567], [568].
Chantilly, Battle of, [446].
Chapultepec, Battle of, [526].
Character of the British, estimate of, by J. Johnston Pettigrew, [425]-430.
Charles City, [536].
Charleston, [33], [59], [60], [61], [82], [415], [416], [417], [479], [524], [561], [576].
Charlotte, [59], [62], [63], [64], [65], [69], [126], [367], [528], [552].
Chatham County, [289].
Chatham, Earl of, [242].
Chattanooga, [306], [552], [553].
Cheatham, Benjamin Franklin, [553], [556].
Cheek's Ford, [545].
Cherokee County, [312], [322], [329].
Cherokee Indians, [190], [236], [238].
Cherry, William W., [237], [307], [310].
Chicago, [479].
Chickahominy River, [441], [444], [553], [556].
Chickamauga, Battle of, [552], [581].
Chickasaw Indians, [106].
Chilton. R. H.,