TABLE OF CONTENTS

[Preface]
Prince Saunders
The People of Hayti and a Plan of Emigration
[13]
James McCune Smith
Toussaint L'Ouverture and the Haytian Revolution
[19]
Hilary Teague
Liberia: Its Struggles and Its Promises
[33]
Frederick Douglass
What to the Slave is the Fourth of July
[41]
On the Unveiling of the Lincoln Monument[133]
Charles H. Langston
Should Colored Men be Subject to the Pains and Penalties of the Fugitive Slave Law?
[49]
Richard T. Greener
Young Men to the Front
[63]
Robert Browne Elliot
The Civil Rights Bill
[67]
John R. Lynch
Civil Rights and Social Equality
[89]
Alexander Dumas, Fils
On the Occasion of Taking His Seat in the French Academy
[95]
John M. Langston
Centennial Anniversary of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society
[97]
Frances Ellen Watkins Harper
Centennial Anniversary of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society
[101]
Henry Highland Garnet
A Memorial Discourse
[107]
George L. Ruffin
Crispus Attucks
[125]
P. B. S. Pinchback
Address During Presidential Campaign of 1880
[151]
Alexander Crummell
The Black Woman of the South
[159]
Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
An Open Letter to the Educational League of Georgia
[173]
James Madison Vance
In the Wake of the Coming Ages
[177]
Booker T. Washington
At the Opening of the Cotton States and International Exposition, Atlanta
[181]
Robert Gould Shaw[205]
Christian A. Fleetwood
The Negro as a Soldier
[187]
Charles W. Anderson
The Limitless Possibilities of the Negro Race
[211]
William Sanders Scarborough
The Party of Freedom and the Freedmen
[219]
Nathan F. Mossell
The Teaching of History
[227]
George H. White
A Defense of the Negro Race
[233]
Levi J. Coppin
The Negro's Part in the Redemption of Africa
[243]
Fanny Jackson Coppin
A Plea for Industrial Opportunity
[251]
William J. Gaines
An Appeal to Our Brother in White
[257]
Edward Wilmot Blyden
The Political Outlook for Africa
[263]
W. Justin Carter
The Duty and Responsibility of the Anglo-Saxon
[265]
Theophilus G. Steward
The Army as a Trained Force
[277]
D. Webster Davis
The Sunday-School and Church as a Solution of the Negro Problem
[291]
Reverdy C. Ransom
William Lloyd Garrison
[305]
James L. Curtis
Abraham Lincoln
[321]
Abraham Walters
Abraham Lincoln and Fifty Years of Freedom
[337]
Archibald H. Grimke
On the Presentation of a Loving Cup to Senator Foraker
[337]
Francis H. Grimke
Equality of Rights for All Citizens
[347]
James E. Shapard
Is the Game Worth the Candle?
[357]
Robert Russa Moton
Some Elements Necessary to Race Development
[367]
George William Cook
The Two Seals
[379]
J. Milton Waldron
A Solution of the Race Problem
[389]
J. Francis Gregory
The Social Bearings of the Fifth Commandment
[397]
William C. Jason
Life's Morn
[403]
William H. Lewis
Abraham Lincoln
[409]
Alice M. Dunbar
David Livingstone
[425]
Kelly Miller
Education for Manhood
[445]
Robert T. Jones
On Making a Life
[455]
Ernest Lyon
Emancipation and Racial Advancement
[461]
John C. Dancy
The Future of the Negro Church
[475]
W. Ashbie Hawkins
The Negro Lawyer
[483]
W. E. B. Dubois
The Training of Negroes for Social Reform
[491]

PREFACE

It seems eminently fitting and proper in this year, the fiftieth anniversary of the Proclamation of Emancipation that the Negro should give pause and look around him at the things which he has done, those which he might have done, and those which he intends to do. We pause, just at the beginning of another half century, taking stock of past achievements, present conditions, future possibilities.

In considering the literary work of the Negro, his pre-eminence in the field of oratory is striking. Since the early nineteenth century until the present time, he is found giving eloquent voice to the story of his wrongs and his proscriptions. Crude though the earlier efforts may be, there is a certain grim eloquence in them that is touching, there must be, because of the intensity of feeling behind the words.

Therefore, it seems appropriate in putting forth a volume commemorating the birth of the Negro into manhood, to collect some few of the speeches he made to help win his manhood, his place in the economy of the nation, his right to stand with his face to the sun. The present volume does not aim to be a complete collection of Negro Eloquence; it does not even aim to present the best that the Negro has done on the platform, it merely aims to present to the public some few of the best speeches made within the past hundred years. Much of the best is lost; much of it is hidden away in forgotten places. We have not always appreciated our own work sufficiently to preserve it, and thus much valuable material is wasted. Sometimes it has been difficult to obtain good speeches from those who are living because of their innate modesty, either in not desiring to appear in print, or in having thought so little of their efforts as to have lost them.

The Editor is conscious that many names not in the table of contents will suggest themselves to the most casual reader, but the omissions are not intentional nor yet of ignorance always, but due to the difficulty of procuring the matter in time for the publication of the volume before the golden year shall have closed.

In collecting and arranging the matter, for the volume, I am deeply indebted first to the living contributors who were so gracious and generous in their responses to the request for their help, and to the relatives of those who have passed into silence, for the loan of valuable books and manuscripts. I cannot adequately express my gratitude to Mr. John E. Bruce and Mr. Arthur A. Schomburg, President and Secretary of the Negro Society for Historical Research, for advice, suggestion, and best of all, for help in lending priceless books and manuscripts and for aid in copying therefrom.

Again, we repeat, this volume is not a complete anthology; not the final word in Negro eloquence of to-day, nor yet a collection of all the best; it is merely a suggestion, a guide-post, pointing the way to a fuller work, a slight memorial of the birth-year of the race.