Measure of weights. Balance. Conditions to be attended to in making it. Absolute sensibility; proportional sensibility. Method of double weighing. Details of the precautions necessary in order to obtain an exact weight.
Different States of Bodies. Hydrostatics.
Solids. Cohesion. Transmission of external pressures.
Elasticity. The true laws of elasticity are unknown. Empirical laws in certain simple cases, and for a very small action. Elasticity of compression, extension, torsion. Experimental determination of the co-efficients of elasticity. Limits of elasticity. Limits of tenacity.
Ductility. Temper. Cold hammering. Annealing.
Liquids. Fluidity. Viscosity. Physical laws which form the basis of hydrostatics:—1o the transmission of external pressures is equal in all directions; 2o the pressure exercised in the interior of a liquid upon an element of a surface is normal to that element, and independent (as to amount) of its direction. These principles are demonstrated by the experimental verification of the consequences drawn from them.
Application to heavy liquids. Free surface, and surface de niveau. Pressure upon the parts of the containing vessel, and upon the bottom in particular; hydrostatic paradox; verificatory experiments. Haldat’s apparatus. Hydrostatic press.
Application to immersed or floating bodies (principle of Archimedes;) verificatory experiments. (In treating of the equilibrium of floating bodies, the conditions of stability are not gone into.)
Superposed liquids.
Communicating vessels. Water level. Spirit level; its use in instruments.