The section on Switzerland (Part IX) was printed after the section on Great Britain (Part VIII). It has been included here, out of sequence, to balance the file sizes. In the “Bavaria” section, and the tables at the end of the “Austria” section, “caligraphy” is consistently spelled with one l.
Italy was unified immediately before the first (1862) edition of the book. The arrangement of Part V generally reflects pre-unification systems.
PART III.
MILITARY SYSTEM AND SCHOOLS IN AUSTRIA.
[XV. MILITARY SYSTEM AND SCHOOLS IN AUSTRIA.]
[I. OUTLINE OF MILITARY SYSTEM.]
The Austrian Army is recruited by conscription, the period of service being for eight years, with two years in addition for the reserve; but such soldiers as wish it may generally obtain leave after six years’ service. Those who serve eight years are understood to have a claim for employment on railways and in the custom-houses. Substitutes are allowed, but they are provided solely by the State, and the means used for supplying them is made an element towards securing good Non-Commissioned Officers for the Austrian Army, in the following manner.