[MILITARY SYSTEM AND SCHOOLS OF BAVARIA.]
[I. MILITARY SYSTEM.]
Bavaria, with a population in 1867 of 4,824,421, on an area of 29,347 English square miles, maintained in 1869-70, an armed force of 56,760 men on a peace footing, and of 92,500 when placed on a war footing.
The armed force consists of the permanent army, the army of reserve, and the landwehr, or militia. The strength of the permanent army at the end of 1869 was as follows:—
| 16 Regiments of the line, each of 3 battalions, | 28,304 | men. |
| 10 Battalions of Yager infantry, | 5,870 | “ |
| 20 Regiments of cavalry, each of 5 squadrons, | 7,290 | “ |
| 52 Batteries of artillery, with train, | 6,361 | “ |
| 10 Companies of engineers, with train, | 1,212 | “ |
| 4 Companies of sanitary troops, | 624 | “ |
| 6 Detachments of victualing troops, | 288 | “ |
| Total strength of permanent army, | 49,449 |
The army of reserve numbered over 30,000 men, and is to be made more efficient. The landwehr is only organized in the large towns. The army is recruited by conscription. All men, from the age of 21 are liable to serve, but the sons of the nobility (hohe adel) are exempt, and they with the sons of superior employés in the service of the state have the privilege of entering the military school of cadets. Those who are drawn for the army are held liable to active service for eleven years, but are kept under arms, when on the peace footing, only three years, passing three years more in the Reserve when called out for actual training, and held for service for the remaining five years in the landwehr. No substitutes are allowed.
By the treaties of 1870, in time of war, the supreme command of the army of Bavaria passes to the Emperor of Germany, and in the further development of the Imperial policy, the military system of Bavaria as well as of the other German States, will be merged in that of Prussia. The following account of the system of Military Education, as it was in 1869, is taken from the Report of the Military Education Commission for 1870.