RAISE: a vertical or inclined shaft driven upward from an underground working.

REEF: Australian word for lode.

ROOF: the ceiling of a working, as the back of a drift.

ROYALTY: a percentage of the earnings or product paid an owner.

SHAFT: a vertical or inclined opening sunk from the surface to gain access or to explore an orebody.

SHIFT: a period of working time.

SKIP: an ore bucket used to hoist ore and muck in a shaft.

SLUICE: a trough with riffles for separating placer gold.

SMELTING: the reduction of metals from the ore in a furnace.

STOPE: usually a room where the ore is mined.