ཡན་ see དབྱངས་.
ཡབ་ (གསུམ༌), 8, 15, 16, 18. ‘Father (and) sons,’ or, as Csoma already has it in his Grammar, p. 28, ‘teacher and [[69]]pupils.’ With the addition གསུམ་ ‘three,’ and also as here without this addition, a very well known appellation of Tsoṅ kʽa pa and his two pupils (his spiritual sons). It is likely that to the Tibetan mind the expression means something like ‘spiritual family (of three),’ namely of one father and two sons. See introductory remarks. Free renderings like ‘spiritual trio’ or ‘teacher triad’ and the like are apt enough for practical purposes. Cf. an expression like the following: ཁྱོད་, ‘where have you two, father and son, come from?’ (But the sentence has also the second meaning ‘where do you live? where is your home?’).
In the light of the above, has the note on p. 98 of the J.A.S.B., Vol. II, N.S., no. 4, 1906, in Satis Chandra Vidyābhūṣana’s article on ‘the Gyantse rock inscription’ to be rectified? My informants do not think that the expression is used among the Sakyapas in the sense given in that note.
ཡིན་ see ཀྱང་.
ཡུས་ see སྡུག་.
གཡུལ་ see འགྱེ་.
གཡུལ་ see འགྱེ་.
རང་ see དྭངས་.
རང་ (པ་) འཛིན་, 26. This expression must here not be understood as ‘to follow one’s own teaching.’ རང་ is here not one compound word. The meaning is: they who themselves follow the teaching, as against the གཞན་, the others who (also) follow the teaching. See གཞན་ (པ་) འཛིན་, 27.
རི་ see འབྲོག་ and གངས་.