It is a far cry from the stories of the North along the banks of the Mississippi, from that land of long winters, through the country of the mound builders, to the sunnier Southland; yet from north to south, around the glimmering Indian fires, grouped eager men and women and children, listening to the story tellers.
But quite different are the tales of the Southland—of the Cherokees, Biloxis, and Chitimachas. They are stories of wild turkeys, of persimmons and raccoons, and of the spirits which dwell in the mountain places where none dare go. Stories also are they of Brer Rabbit and the tar wolf, which came from Indian slaves working in the fields in early days, through the negro slaves working beside them, to the children of the white men.
It is a loss to American literature that so much of the legendary history of these Indian tribes has gone, beyond hope of recovery. Exquisite in color, poetical in feeling, these legends of sun, moon, and stars, of snow, ice, lightning, thunders, the winds, the life of the forest birds and animals about them, and the longing to understand the why and the how of life—all which we have only in fragments. Longfellow’s work shows the wonderful beauty of these northern legends, nor has he done violence to any of them in making them poetical. His picture of the departure of Hiawatha, the lone figure standing stately and solemn, as the canoe drifted out towards the glowing sunset, while from the shore, in the shadow of the forest, came the low Indian chant, mingling with the sighing of the pine trees, is truely Indian. For the mystical and poetical is strong in the Indian nature.
As in all the other volumes of this series, no effort has been made to ornament or amplify these legends in the effort to make them “literary,” or give them “literary charm.” They must speak for themselves. What editing has been done has been in simplifying them, and freeing them from the verbose setting in which many were found. For in this section of the country, settled before it was realized that there was an Indian literature, the original work of noting down the myths was very imperfectly done.
Thanks are due to the work of Albert E. Jenks, on the wild rice Indians of the upper lakes; to James Mooney, for the myths of the Cherokees; to George Catlin, for some of the upper Mississippi legends; to the well-known but almost inaccessible work of Schoolcraft, and to others.
K. B. J.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| PAGE | ||
| The Earth-Maker | Winnebago | [1] |
| Creation | Chitimacha | [5] |
| The Creation | Wyandot | [8] |
| Creation of the Races | Biloxi | [12] |
| Story of the Creation | Ojibwa | [14] |
| Creation (a fragment) | Ojibwa | [16] |
| Creation of the Mandans | Mandan | [17] |
| The Flood | Chitimacha | [19] |
| The Great Flood (a fragment) | Mandan | [20] |
| The Great Flood | Menomini | [21] |
| Origin of Fire | Menomini | [26] |
| The Thunderers and the Origin of Fire | Menomini | [28] |
| The Origin of Fire | Chitimacha | [31] |
| The Gifts of the Sky God | Chitimacha | [32] |
| Mondamin | Ojibwa | [34] |
| Mondamin | Ottawa | [37] |
| The Corn Woman | Cherokee | [40] |
| Discovery of Wild Rice | Ojibwa | [42] |
| Origin of Wild Rice | Ojibwa | [44] |
| Origin of Winnebago | Menomini | [45] |
| The Origin of Tobacco | Menomini | [49] |
| Origin of Maple Sugar | Menomini | [51] |
| Manabush and the Moose | Menomini | [53] |
| Origin of Day and Night | Menomini | [54] |
| Origin of the Bear | Cherokee | [56] |
| Origin of the Word Chicago | Ojibwa | [58] |
| Origin of the Word Chicago | Menomini | [60] |
| The Coming of Manabush | Menomini | [61] |
| The Story of Manabush | Menomini | [62] |
| Manabozho and West | Ojibwa | [65] |
| Manabush and the Great Fish | Menomini | [69] |
| The Departure of Manabush | Menomini | [72] |
| The Return of Manabush | Menomini | [74] |
| The Request for Immortality | Menomini | [75] |
| Peboan and Seegwun | Ojibwa | [77] |
| The Grave Fires | Ojibwa | [79] |
| The Death Trail | Cherokee | [82] |
| The Duck and the North West Wind | Ojibwa | [84] |
| How the Hunter Destroyed Snow | Menomini | [87] |
| The Pipe of Peace | Ojibwa | [90] |
| The Thunder’s Nest | Ojibwa | [92] |
| The Pipestone | Sioux | [93] |
| The Pipestone | Knisteneaux | [94] |
| Pau-puk-kee-wis | Ojibwa | [95] |
| Iagoo, the Boaster | Ojibwa | [102] |
| Ojeeg, the Summer-Maker | Ojibwa | [104] |
| Rabbit Goes Duck Hunting | Cherokee | [109] |
| Rabbit and the Tar Baby | Biloxi | [111] |
| Rabbit and Tar Wolf | Cherokee | [114] |
| Rabbit and Panther | Menomini | [116] |
| How Rabbit Stole Otter’s Coat | Cherokee | [118] |
| Rabbit and Bear | Biloxi | [122] |
| Why Deer Never Eat Men | Menomini | [125] |
| How Rabbit Snared the Sun | Biloxi | [128] |
| When the Orphan Trapped the Sun | Ojibwa | [130] |
| The Hare and the Lynx | Ojibwa | [134] |
| Welcome to a Baby | Cherokee | [137] |
| Baby Song | Cherokee | [139] |
| Song to the Firefly | Ojibwa | [140] |
| Song of the Mother Bears | Cherokee | [141] |
| The Man in the Stump | Cherokee | [143] |
| The Ants and the Katydids | Biloxi | [144] |
| When the Owl Married | Cherokee | [145] |
| The Kite and the Eagle | [147] | |
| The Linnet and the Eagle | Ojibwa | [148] |
| How Partridge got his Whistle | Cherokee | [149] |
| How Kingfisher got his Bill | Cherokee | [151] |
| Why the Blackbird Has Red Wings | Chitimacha | [153] |
| Ball Game of the Birds and Animals | Cherokee | [155] |
| Why the Birds Have Sharp Tails | Biloxi | [158] |
| The Wildcat and the Turkeys | Biloxi | [159] |
| The Brant and the Otter | Biloxi | [161] |
| The Tiny Frog and the Panther | [163] | |
| The Frightener of Hunters | Choctaw (Bayou Lacomb) | [166] |
| The Hunter and the Alligator | Choctaw (Bayou Lacomb) | [167] |
| The Groundhog Dance | Cherokee | [169] |
| The Racoon | Menomini | [171] |
| Why the Opossum Plays Dead | Biloxi | [172] |
| Why the ’Possum’s Tail is Bare | Cherokee | [174] |
| Why ’Possum Has a Large Mouth | Choctaw (Bayou Lacomb) | [176] |
| The Porcupine and the Two Sisters | Menomini | [177] |
| The Wolf and the Dog | Cherokee | [179] |
| The Catfish and the Moose | Menomini | [180] |
| Turtle | Menomini | [181] |
| The Worship of the Sun | Ojibwa | [185] |
| Tashka and Walo | Choctaw (Bayou Lacomb) | [189] |
| Sun and Moon | Menomini | [192] |
| The Moon Person | Biloxi | [193] |
| The Star Creatures | Cherokee | [194] |
| Meteors | Menomini | [195] |
| The Aurora Borealis | Menomini | [196] |
| The West Wind | Chitimacha | [197] |
| The Lone Lightning | Ojibwa | [198] |
| The Thunders | Cherokee | [200] |
| Months of the Year | Natchez | [201] |
| Why the Oaks and Sumachs Redden | Fox | [202] |
| The Man of Ice | Cherokee | [205] |
| The Nunnehi | Cherokee | [207] |
| The Little People | Cherokee | [210] |
| War Song | Ojibwa | [212] |
| The War Medicine | Cherokee | [213] |
| The Coming of the White Man | Wyandot | [214] |